• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.107-127
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• 2016

This paper attempts to investigate determinants of foreign direct investment in transition countries of Mongolia and Central Asia five countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. FDI inflows in this transition economies have been far increasing due to their rapid growth, GDP, gross capital formation, wage, labor force, open trading, infrastructure and natural resources as well as the factors demonstrating the economic variables and political variables of these countries by Vector Error Correction Model. The results of empirical analysis based on data from 1993 to 2013 confirmed that FDI and open trade and gross capital formation and political than GDP, wage, labor force, infrastructure and natural resources had a significant impact on Central Asia and Mongolia. In addition, if Mongolia and Central Asian five countries can maintain the country's economic growth, reduce unemployment level, achieve certain improvements in domesticating new technologies and improving skills and knowledge sphere as well as promoting stable domestic price increase, attracting and improving the FDI by paying more attention to the indicators focusing on country's GDP, wage, labor force, infrastructure and natural resource.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.55-67
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• 2023

Lightweight face recognition models, as one of the most popular and long-standing topics in the field of computer vision, has achieved vigorous development and has been widely used in many real-world applications due to fewer number of parameters, lower floating-point operations, and smaller model size. However, few surveys reviewed lightweight models and reimplemented these lightweight models by using the same calculating resource and training dataset. In this survey article, we present a comprehensive review about the recent research advances on the end-to-end efficient lightweight face recognition models and reimplement several of the most popular models. To start with, we introduce the overview of face recognition with lightweight models. Then, based on the construction of models, we categorize the lightweight models into: (1) artificially designing lightweight FR models, (2) pruned models to face recognition, (3) efficient automatic neural network architecture design based on neural architecture searching, (4) Knowledge distillation and (5) low-rank decomposition. As an example, we also introduce the SqueezeFaceNet and EfficientFaceNet by pruning SqueezeNet and EfficientNet. Additionally, we reimplement and present a detailed performance comparison of different lightweight models on the nine different test benchmarks. At last, the challenges and future works are provided. There are three main contributions in our survey: firstly, the categorized lightweight models can be conveniently identified so that we can explore new lightweight models for face recognition; secondly, the comprehensive performance comparisons are carried out so that ones can choose models when a state-of-the-art end-to-end face recognition system is deployed on mobile devices; thirdly, the challenges and future trends are stated to inspire our future works.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.29-52
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• 2012

Since diplomatic relations with China in 1992, many Korean companies have entered into China and that expansion is currently continuing. But now, many of Korean enterprises tend to withdraw and return to the domestic, this is because that major factors are too much fast increasing in labor costs and the difficulty of local workforce management. In this study, it is researched that the type of human resource management of Korean firms entering into Heilongjiang Province, Harbin and the similarities and differences were investigated by comparing the form of personnel management of existing areas and Harbin area, and then this study was conducted the survey and interview of domestic companies operating in Harbin, to pursuit the efficient way to manage the workforce development and management strategies. The result of researches and workforce development strategies of entering firms are as follows; First, it is required to establish a human resource discovery system for entering companies in focusing on managerial work ability and on blue-collar which is separated by professional and technical experts and a simple blue-collar people. Second, it is required to entering companies that they have to grow up the promotion and exchange of the Department of Korean Studies in Harbin and have to build the industry and universities training programs to promote needed experts, and have to establish the expert pool systems to support the flexible labor supply.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.298-319
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• 2002

The Semantic Web is a new technology that attempts to achieve effective retrieval, automation, integration, and reuse of web resources by constructing knowledge bases that are composed of machine-readable definitions and associations of resources that express the relationships among them. To have this kind of Semantic Web in place, it is necessary to have the following infrastructures: capability to assign unchangeable and unique identifier (URI) to each resource, adoption of XML namespace concept to prevent collision of element and attribute names defined by various institutions, widespread use of RDF to describe resources so that diverse metadata can be interoperable, use of RDF schema to define the meaning of metadata elements and the relationships among them, adoption of DAML+OIL that is built upon RDF(S) to increase reasoning capability and expressive power, and finally adoption of OWL that is built upon DAML+OIL by removing unnecessary constructors and adding new ones based on experience of using DAML+OIL. The purpose of this study is to describe the central concepts and technologies related to the Semantic Web and to discuss the benefits of metadata interoperability based on XML/RDF schemas and the potential applications of diverse ontologies.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.5
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• pp.383-409
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC). One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the current status of EUC and the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives : 1) what is the characteristics of EUC strategy of Korean firms, 2) what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean firms 3) what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users computer, 4) what are the application areas of EUC, 5) How end-users are satisfied with the support of firm, 6) what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also found that individual differences of end-users are related to EUC success. More specifically, it was shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education, higher rank and organizational tenure, higher math ability, thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individual difference variables accounted for 14%, 25%, 39%, and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome, satisfaction for ability, frequency of computer use, and the number of tasks, respectively. Theses empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC, such as education, training support, and human resource management, to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.5-26
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• 1996

This study has two research objectives related to end-user computing (EUC). One of the research objectives was to investigate the current status of EUC of Korean firms. Another research objective was to examine the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success. Using survey data from 752 end-users of 23 firms, the surrent status of EUC and the relationship between individual differences of end-users and EUC success were investigated. The current status of EUC was examined from six perspectives: 1). what is the characteristics of EUC strategy of Korean firms, 2). what are the individual characteristics of end-users in Korean Firms, #0. what are the characteristics of tasks performed by end-users using computer, 4). what are the application a areas of EUC, 5). How end-users are satisfied with the support of firms, 6). what are system usage and satisfaction of end-users. It was also foud that individual differences of end-users are related to EUC success. More specifically, it wat shown that the male gender, younger age, higher level of education, higher rank and organizational tenure, higher math ability, thinking type of cognitive style, positive and optimistic attitudes toward computer, more experience with computer, more computer education and knowledge are individual differences variables associated with EUC success. The results of stepwise regression analysis suggested that the individual difference variables accounted for 14%, 25%, 39% and 30% of the variances of four EUC success variables, satisfaction for outcome, satisfaction for ability, frequency of computer use, and the number of tasks, respectively. These empirical findings suggest that EUC managers should consider individual differences of end-users in managing EUC, such as education, training, support, and human resource management, to maximize potential benefits of EUC.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-23
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• 2017

Purpose With the advent of the 4th Industrial Revolution era, ICT convergence industry is leading the wave of new change. These changes in the industrial field are recognizing convergence as a strategic cooperation tool of management for creating new value. In order to achieve the research purpose, conceptual understanding of ICT convergence is summarized by focusing on concepts, features, types and cases. In addition, this study established the theoretical rationale for the determinants of ICT convergence performance, and examined previous researches related to ICT convergence. Design/methodology/approach The empirical research method is based on a survey of 510 companies including managers and mid-level practitioners who understand the contents of the relevant field, 305 data were used for analysis. We conducted exploratory factor analysis to verify the grouping of these questionnaire items and conducted confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the validity and reliability of the measurement model. Through the statistical analysis, we analyzed the structural relationship of ICT firms' competencies for convergence performance. Findings Linkage of ICT strategies established by corporations is an important factor for enhancing resource capacity and convergence ability. It is important to ensure that product innovation, consumer-oriented strategies, and ICT strategies for the implementation of business strategies are closely linked. In addition, in the convergence environment, companies should make efforts to develop convergence ability and improve organizational performance through utilization of ICT resources. From the CEO's perspective, it is necessary to understand the knowledge, technology and resources arising from the convergence environment, and to integrate with the resources possessed by the enterprise to induce the organization's performance.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to examine the research output in the field of nursing at the global level during the last two decades, viz., for the period 1996-2015, with special reference to India. Some of the aspects examined include the research growth in nursing literature during the period of study, leading nursing research countries at the regional and global level, and citation analysis. Scope and Methodology: This study is global in nature, but emphasis has also been laid on India's research contribution in nursing at the global level. Aspects like regional contribution to the nursing research output have also been assessed. This study is purely based on secondary data retrieved from SCImago Journal and Country Rankings. The figures in the study are based on one particular database and are not exhaustive; hence they simply reflect a trend in nursing research at the global level. Findings: During the period 1996 through 2015, a total of 550,490 research articles were published across the world by 212 nation states at an average of 2,596 articles from each individual country. On average, during the period of study, the number of nursing research publications grew at the rate of 7.36% each year. North America has emerged as one of the leading nursing research continents of the world by publishing 218,614 research articles, constituting 39.71% of the global nursing research output. The U.S. and U.K. are the world's two leading nursing research countries, which contributed 193,819 and 61,730 research articles respectively, comprising a 35.21% and 11.21% share of global nursing research output. India and China, apart from being the two fastest growing nursing research countries, have the potential to meet the global human resource demand in the field of nursing, given the skilled and trained human resource both these countries possess in nursing. Social Implication: There is always a need to share working knowledge in some professions and nursing is one of them. There cannot be a better medium than linking practice with theory through the research medium. Metric studies in turn help to get a better idea about the amount of work done in any given field at the national and international level, thus identifying the need thereof to improve upon those areas where there is research lag.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.586-593
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• 2009

As most of the data configuration at distributed environment has a tree structure following the hierarchical classification, relative data retrieve is limited. Among these data, the data stored in a database has a problem in integration and efficient retrieve. Accordingly, we suggest the system that uses XMDR for distributed database integration and links XMDR to TopicMap for efficient retrieve of knowledge expressed hierarchically. We proposes a plan for efficient integration retrieve through using the XMDR which is composed of Meta Semantic Ontology, Instance Semantic Ontology and meta location, solves data heterogeneity and metadata heterogeneity problem and integrates them, and replaces the occurrence of the TopicMap with the Meta Location of the XMDR, which expresses the resource location of TopicMap by linking Meta Semantic Ontology and Instance Semantic Ontology of XMDR to the TopicMap.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.581-584
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• 2013

E-Learning, a technology-based learning process is the obtaining of knowledge from the basis of IT technology. The development of e-Learning requires corporate educational staff as well as HR staff, who manage e-learning, to drastically change their roles. The main reason for this is that the properly adapted and highly experienced education and training abilities of HR staff could accelerate the adoption and usage of e-Learning but they need to clearly select and define an appropriate curriculum from among the extensive mass-customized content with an e-learning basis. Here the research has analyzed the influence of the introduction and usage of e-Learning in hotels on HR staff and their roles from the viewpoint of hermeneutic phenomenology.