• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.61-74
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• 2012

Objectives : This study is perfomed for preparation of oriental medicine clinical guidelines for drawing up the standards of oriental medicine demonstration and diagnosis classification about the knee pain. Methods : Statistical analysis about Crane's-knee wind(鶴膝風), arthralgia syndrome(痺症), knee injury(膝傷), gout arthritis(痛風), Youk jeol poung(歷節風) classified experts' opinions about knee pain patients by Delphi method is conducted by using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire. The result was classified by using linear discriminant analysis(LDA), diagonal linear discriminant analysis(DLDA), diagonal quadratic discriminant analysis(DQDA), K-nearest neighbor classification(KNN), classification and regression trees(CART), support vector machines(SVM). Results : The results are summarized as follows. 1. The result analyzed by using LDA has a hit rate of 81.65% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 2. The result analyzed by using DLDA has a hit rate of 63.3% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 3. The result analyzed by using DQDA has a hit rate of 65.14% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 4. The result analyzed by using KNN has a hit rate of 74.31% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 5. The result analyzed by using CART has a hit rate of 75.23% in comparison with the original diagnosis when the test of selected 13 significant questions based on analysis of variance was performed. 6. The result analyzed by using SVM has a hit rate of 87.16% in comparison with the original diagnosis. Conclusions : Statistical analysis using oriental medicine diagnosis questionnaire on knee pain generally turned out to have a significant result.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.341-345
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• 2021

The infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is one of three fat pads located about the anterior knee. Injury in this region is relatively common. Damage to the IPFP is caused mostly by an iatrogenic injury from a surgical procedure or repeated small collision trauma. The authors experienced a case of an IPFP injury, that has not been reported in the domestic or international literature. In this case, acute IPFP separation followed by a contusion at the anterior aspect of knee in the kneeling position, confirmed using magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was fully recovered with conservative treatment.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of knee joint muscle fatigue and overweight on shock absorption during single-leg landing of adult women. Written informed consent forms, which were approved by the human subject research and review committee at Dong-A University, were provided to all subjects. The subjects who participated in this study were divided into 2 groups: a normal weight group and an overweight group, consisting of 15 young women each. Both the normal weight group and the overweight group showed that use soft landing and ankle dominant strategy. The peak vertical ground reaction force, the knee joint absorption power, and eccentric work done, as the increase of knee joint muscle fatigue level, showed a decrease. And the hip joint absorption power and eccentric work done, as the increase of weight, was less than the overweight group showed the normal weight group. In conclusion, the accumulation of the knee joint muscle fatigue and the increase of body weight may lead to an increased risk of injury during landing.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.161-170
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• 2002

knee injuries are among the most common problems confronting patients, physical therapist and physicians. since the bony structure provides little stability, the soft tissues are required to withstand high forces, often resulting in tissue overload and injury immobilization of the knee in the presence of a hemarthrosis usually leads to proliferation of intraarticular connective tissue adhesions and pint fibrosis. the physical basis of treating scar tissue is early controlled motion. the management of the knee with increased instability is to strengthening the muscles to properly treat an soft tissue injuries, physical therapist should know about the anatomic structures and biomechanical function of the knee joint, in this review article, we discuss the physiologic properties of soft tissue, biomechanical observation in fibrous connective tissue, managing soft tissue contractures, principles in treating scar tissue and treatment of the knee with increased instability.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of knee joint muscle fatigue and overweight on the angular displacement and moments of the lower limb joints during landing. Written informed consent forms, which were approved by the human subject research and review committee at Dong-A University, were provided to all subjects. The subjects who participated in this study were divided into 2 groups: a normal weight group and an overweight group, consisting of 15 young women each. The knee joint muscle fatigue during landing was found to increase the dynamic stability by minimizing the movements of the coronal and horizontal planes and maintaining a more neutral position to protect the knee. The effect of body weight during landing was better in the normal weight group than in the overweight group, with the lower limbs performing their shock-absorbing function in an efficient manner through increased sagittal movement. Therefore, accumulated fatigue of knee joint muscles or overweight may be highly correlated with the increase in the incidence of injury during landing after jumping, descending stairs, and downhill walking.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare and analysis the changes in strength and endurance of the knee extensor muscles after Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods: Twelve male subjects with ligament injury were seated on Biodex and the hip joint was flexed at 110°, and torso, lower extremities, and legs were fixed using Velcro. The resistance device was placed at a point 3cm above the ankle, and measurements were taken before and a surgery at 60°/sec and 180°/sec when the knee was maximally extended. The postures ingeniously combine forward-bending poses countered with backward-bending ones. Results: There was no significant difference in the comparison of muscle strength of 60°/sec and 180°/sec before surgery. But there was a significant difference after surgery. There was significant difference in muscle endurance both before and after surgery. There was a significant difference in the pre- and post- operative comparison values of muscle strength and endurance in isokinetic movements at 60°/sec and 180°/sec during knee extension on the injured side. Conclusion: For cruciate ligament tears, Orthopedic reconstruction is recommended. Correct alignment of the knee ligament after surgery can enhance the strength and endurance of the quadriceps femoris during knee extension rejuvenated.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.47-57
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the Effects of Knee Extensor, Flexor Muscle Strength and Joint Position Sense in Squat Exercise on Variety Surface. Method : Subjuects were consisit of 30 male and female who had non disorder knee joint. we had devided 3 group(control group, balance pad group, and togu group) and we measured that knee joint $15^{\circ}/45^{\circ}$proprioception(position sense) and Peak Torque of knee extensor, flexor muslce at $60^{\circ}/sec$, $180^{\circ}/sec$ angular velocity. Result : First, knee joint $15^{\circ}$proprioception(position sense) of balance pad and togu group was significantly different after exercise(p<.05), but only balance pad group was significantly different at knee joint $45^{\circ}$. Second, knee extensor Peak Torque of balance pad and togu group was significantly different at $60^{\circ}/sec$, $180^{\circ}/sec$ angular velocity(p<.05). Third, knee flexor Peak Torque of balance pad and togu group was significantly different at $60^{\circ}/sec$, $180^{\circ}/sec$ angular velocity(p<.05). Conclusion : Squat exercises on the balance pad and togu were affects knee joint proprioception and muscle strength improvement. These results suggest that squat exercise on the unstable surface is effective for prevention of knee joint injury and functional activity.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

Objectives : Degenerative arthritis arises from several physiological factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of Phyto-extract Complex (CME) on degenerative arthritis. Methods : CME is composed of extracts of mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruit, mulberry leaves and black beans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). To measure the toxicity of CME, we performed the single-dose toxicity study. For the evaluation of its effects on degenerative arthritis, we examined the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, using in vitro enzyme activity assay, the reduction of protein expression of COX-2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cells which were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We also examined the serum level of prostaglandins (PGs) and injury of the knee joint cartilage, using animal model of degenerative arthritis induced by mono-sodium iodoacetate (MIA). Results : CME did not have any toxicity in single-dose toxicity study. The CME inhibited the activity of COX-2 and could reduce the protein expression of COX-2, 5-LO and iNOS in RAW264.7 cells. The CME also reduced the serum level of PGs and prevented from the cartilage injury of knee joint in animal model of degenerative arthritis induced by MIA. Conclusions : Taken altogether, the CME could be useful for the improvement of degenerative arthritis through its various anti-inflammatory activities and prevention from the cartilage injury of knee joint.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.128-133
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was planned to evaluate complications? of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction with tibial inlay technique using autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone graft. Materials and Methods: From September 1994 to January 2004, we analyzed surgical complications in fifty-seven patients with fifty-eight cases who underwent PCL reconstruction. Fifty of them were male and seven female. The mean age of the patients was 35(15$\~$73). Twenty eight cases of injury were isolated PCL, while thirty cases had associated injury of knee. The causes of injury were thirty-nine cases of traffic accident, seven sport injuries, seven fall down injuries, and five of others. The follow-up study was done at 4 weeks, 3 months,6 months and 1 year after surgery. KT-2000 arthrometer and posterior stress X-ray were used to examine the stability of the knee joint and the Lysholm Knee Score and a variety of clinical complications were evaluated. Results: Although the mean score of the preoperative Lysholm Knee Score was 43.2, the postoperative score was increased to 87.9. The preoperative mean value of knee stability using KT-2000 arthrometer was 8.75 mm(6.2$\~$14.3 mm) but the postoperative mean was 3.41 mm(2.1$\~$10.6 mm). The intraoperative complications were: one case of popliteal artery injury with compartment syndrome, one case of patellar fracture, two cases of 20$^{\circ}$ flexion loss, and two cases of anterior cortical penetration of the screw through proximal tibia during screw fixation. The postoperative complications were: eleven cases of knee instability, one case of patellar fracture, five cases of extension loss, thirteen cases of flexion loss, twenty-one cases of around knee pain and eight cases of kneeling pain. Conclusion: After PCL reconstruction with tibial inlay technique using autogenous bone-patella tendon-bone graft, complications were observed in this study. Careful attention during and after the operation, as well as rehabilitation must be required.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.419-425
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• 2012

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of knee brace on anterior cruciate ligament injuries risk factors during one-legged landing of female gymnasts. Eleven female gymnasts were recruited and performed randomly one-legged drop landing in height of her's knee with (3times) and without (3times) knee brace. Kinematics and ground reaction data were collected to estimate the anterior cruciate ligament injuries risk factors. Data were analyzed with paired samples t-test. Female gymnasts with knee brace showed more reduced the distance from ankle joint center to knee joint center in sagittal plane and knee maximum joint torque than without knee brace. In conclusion, Female gymnasts with knee brace reduced anterior cruciate ligament stress.