• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.616-630
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• 2018

This study analyzed the current status of registered patents related to food tech in Korea and Japan. Using the patent information search services of Korean and Japanese Patent Offices, patents registered during the past 10 years from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2015 were searched with the following key words/phrases: "food or meal or diet" and "program or information system". A total of 669 patents (539 for Korea and 130 for Japan) were finally selected and analyzed. Based on Porter's value chain theory, the patents were categorized into three dimensions related to "manufacturing/processing/distribution", "sales & marketing", and "consumer support". The results showed that in Korea, 41.7% of the total patents were related to sales & marketing followed by consumer support (37.3%) and manufacturing/processing/distribution (21.0%). In Japan, patents related to consumer support accounted for 56.2% followed by manufacturing/processing/distribution (32.3%), and sales & marketing (11.5%). In the area of manufacturing/processing/distribution, "food quality management system" in Korea, and "food manufacturing and processing management system" and "food safety control and hazard analysis system" in Japan tended to show a significantly higher proportion of patents registered (p<.05). Under sales & marketing, patents in the categories of "food purchase and delivery service system" in Korea and "restaurant information sharing system" in Japan tended to be more frequently registered (p<.05). Finally, in the area of consumer support, "kitchen facility and cooking device control system" in Korea and "menu and nutrition management system" in Japan tended to account for a significantly higher proportion of patents registered (p<.001). The results are expected to provide useful insights into the development of new patents and markets for food tech in the future.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.1001-1024
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• 2014

The size of spread footings was found to be unnecessarily large from some actual engineering practices constructed in Taiwan, due to the strict design provisions related to footing uplift. According to the earlier design code in Taiwan, the footing uplift involving separation of footing from subsoil was permitted to be only up to one-half of the foundation base area, as the applied moment reaches the value of plastic moment capacity of the column. The reason for this provision was that rocking of spread footings was not a favorable mechanism. However, recent research has indicated that rocking itself may not be detrimental to seismic performance and, in fact, may act as a form of seismic isolation mechanism. In order to clarify the effects of the relative strength between column and foundation on the rocking behavior of a column, six circular reinforced concrete (RC) columns were designed and constructed and a series of rocking experiments were performed. During the tests, columns rested on a rubber pad to allow rocking to take place. Experimental variables included the dimensions of the footings, the strength and ductility capacity of the columns and the intensity of the applied earthquake. Experimental data for the six circular RC columns subjected to quasi-static and pseudo-dynamic loading are presented. Results of each cyclic loading test are compared against the benchmark test with fixed-base conditions. By comparing the experimental responses of the specimens with different design details, a key parameter of rocking behavior related to footing size and column strength is identified. For a properly designed column with the parameter higher than 1, the beneficial effects of rocking in reducing ductility and the strength demand of columns is verified.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 2009

Researches on after-sales quality have centered on home electric appliances, figuring out how factors influencing after-sales service quality are causally related to customer's behavioral intentions, via consumer satisfaction as an intermediary parameter In most cases of after-sales service in home electric appliances, upon customer's request, service agents make a visit to where the appliance is installed, and check the product and do repairs. However, in case of a small portable device such as a cell phone, which people carry around at all times, most of the times customers themselves show up at the after-sales center, and demand a check-up and repairs. The main difference here is that the after-sales services are provided when a product can no longer perform its basic function and customer dissatisfaction is already up. In this case, the basic function of a product corresponds to must-be factor according to Kano model. The goal of our research is to identify critical factors for effective and efficient after-sales service, and how to monitor them on a routine basis. In our research, the quality after-sales service consists of three dimensions, interactive quality, result quality, and physical environment quality. We set up variables for each dimension, which would measure from customer's perspective key determining factors in service delivery process. Instead of focusing on customer satisfaction aspect, we focused on how after-sales service factors contribute to addressing customer complaints. Additionally, our future research would aim to verify how customer's behavioral intentions are affected, as the resolution of consumer complaints becomes more successful when adjustment of relevant quality factors improves after-sales service quality.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.266-269
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• 2018

A compact Q-band waveguide-to-microstrip transition for UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) radiometer applications is presented. The key features of this transition are simplicity, compactness, easy matching, and lower sensitivity to the dimensions and fabrication tolerances. The simple E-plane patch-type design is insensitive to the backshort cavity enclosure and misalignment between the waveguide and microstrip substrate. The primary parameters are optimized using a three-dimensional(3D) electromagnetic simulator(ANSYS HFSS). It exhibited better than 20-dB return loss at mid-band frequencies with less than 1-dB insertion loss for the back-to-back transition, and a return loss better than 15 dB over the frequency range of 36 GHz to 42 GHz.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.1 s.66
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• pp.137-151
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• 2007

This study was performed to narrow down the Sizing System for Female Adult's garments(KS K 0051) following age target and body shapes. The study was based on the sizing system and the anthropometric measurements, called Size-Korea, which were surveyed in the years 2003 and 2004. At first, the subjects of the survey were classified into 4 age groups, $18{\sim}24,\;25{\sim}34,\;35{\sim}49\;and\;50{\sim}59$, based on the most significant differences of body sizes. Secondly, the ranges of four key dimensions - height, bust, waist and hip-of normal sizes were identified through analyzing Rohrer index and percentile. The selected sizes within the ranges were grouped by the drop which was the subtraction of bust girth from hip girth. In conclusion, there was the most frequent drop for each age group; 9cm drop for the $18{\sim}24$ years old group, the 6cm drop for the $25{\sim}34$ years old and $35{\sim}49$ years old and 3cm drop for $50{\sim}59$ years old. The upper body garment sizes of the same drop and target ages could be merged to 10 to 12 sizes, which were remarkably smaller than the Female Adult garment sizing system, and further to 2-5 sizes, considering the percentile importance. However, $50{\sim}59$ years old group needed to be analyzed in different ways, because the number of subjects of normal size in the age decreased rapidly, that the normal sizes for them were very limited. In addition, the reference body sizes of each garment size were apparently different when they were compared to each age groups. These basic data for garment size specification could be usefully adapted for the apparel companies' own sizing system according to their age target and body shapes, to achieve efficient production and better fit.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.288-294
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• 2015

Background Surgical ablation for locally advanced breast cancer results in large chest wall defects, which can then be managed with local flaps or skin grafts. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the outcomes of three types of local skin flaps. Methods Among 25 local flaps in 24 patients, 6 were bilateral advancement (BA) flaps, 9 were thoracoabdominal (TA) flaps, and 10 were thoracoepigastric (TE) flaps. Clinical outcomes were compared including complications, the need for a secondary surgical intervention, and the timing of adjuvant therapy. Results The mean defect size was $436.2cm^2$. Two patients with TA flaps and 6 patients with TE flaps developed distal flap necrosis, and skin grafts were needed to treat 2 patients with TE flaps. Radiation was administered to the BA, TA, and TE patients after average postoperative durations of 28, 30, or 41 days, respectively. The incidence of flap necrosis tended to be higher in TE patients, which lead to significant delays in adjuvant radiation therapy (P=0.02). Conclusions Three types of local skin flaps can be used to treat large chest wall defects after the excision of locally advanced breast cancer. Each flap has its own merits and demerits, and selecting flaps should be based on strict indications based on the dimensions and locations of the defects.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.33 no.2 s.90
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• pp.69-79
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• 2000

Fractal geometry has become one of prospective research approaches as the complex structure of natural entities is not easily characterized by traditional Euclidean geometry. With the fractal geometry, we can better decipher the complex structure and identify natural and anthropogenic agents of landscape patterns occurring at different spatial scales. The usefulness of fractal, however, has not been fully appreciated among Korean academic societies, especially in ecological and limnological fields. We attempt to address three points in this study. First, we introduce the concept and dimension of fractal and review relevant research approaches, especially with respect to ecological and limnological phenomena. Second, we explore possible applications of fractal to some aspects of geography and land use characteristics in South Korea. For the analyses of fractal dimensions, we used data published in other studies previously and collected for this study. Data were analyzed by a perimeter/area method of fractal dimension for the spatial distribution of global solar radiation and leaf area index, and the movement of wild boars in forested landscapes of mid-eastern Korea. The same approach was also applied to the water channel of a hypothetical river and the shape of reservoirs in Yongin, Kyunggi Province. Finally, we discuss the results and key issues to consider when a fractal approach is employed in ecology and limnology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.53-67
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the foot shape and size specification of male high school students. 3D modeling programs such as 'Artec Studio', 'CATIA', and 'Auto CAD' measured the 3D scan data of 361 male high school students provided by KATS. Through principal factor analysis, 10 factors were extracted, including foot length, medial-lateral ratio, and foot length ratio. As the result of the cluster and ANOVA with post-hoc test (Duncan method), the differences among types were clarified. Type 1 (24.7%) represented outward medial-lateral ratio (M-L ratio) with the lowest instep, ankle and little deformed first toe. Type 2 (41.8%) was characterized by the shortest, even M-L ratio, thin ankle and heel, the highest instep and ankle. Type 3 (33.5%) showed the longest, inward M-L ratio, thick ankle and heel, and deformed first toe. As the cross-tabulation of foot length and ball circumference, 17.2 percent was not covered by KS standard; in addition, the foot length was longer than the KS standard. The correlation analysis of key dimensions showed that foot length and ball circumference were highly correlated with other items; therefore, regression equations were derived to estimate other foot measurements using these two items as independent variables.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2008

The measurement and management of patient satisfaction has become one of the key issues in the last two decades. Hospitals must thoroughly understand the needs of their customers and design products and health services that meet and exceed their expectations. The importance-performance analysis(IPA) is a widely used analytical technique that yields strategies for managing customer satisfaction in a variety of applications. IP A is a two-dimensional grid based on customer-perceived importance of quality attributes and attribute performance. Depending on the interplay of these two dimensions, four strategies can be derived. The aim of this study is to develop the management strategies for improving patient satisfaction in university hospitals using the I-P analysis. The attributes on inpatient service quality in 4 university hospitals was investigated using the Martilla and James(l977)' s a mean adjusted I-P grid where the axes of the grid cross at the average rating point of all items. The patient satisfaction questionnaires were completed by 600 hospital inpatients. The main statistical methods are path analysis and IPA with SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 4.0 statistical softwares. The two attributes, physician and medical service, administrative staff kindness attributes position in first quadrant(Keep Up the Good domain). The nurse and nursing service attributes position in second quadrant(Possible Overkill domain). The two attributes, convenience of check-in service, facilities and physical environment position in third quadrant(Low Priority domain). Finally the quality of inpatient service(food etc.) attributes position in fourth quadrant(Concentrate Here domain). These findings show various implications on the development of strategies in university hospitals in the future. It was determined that quality of inpatient service(food etc.) need to concentrate more on investments. These investments include a taste, price, proper provision of food service and quick response of pain management. A low priority was given to investment in streamlining the check-in process of inpatient and hospital facilities and physical environment in the long run.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.475-488
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• 2001

With the increase of the number of Internet users, various methodologies have been proposed for the effective design of web page. However, the prior methodologies have focused only on the functional aspect of web page while ignoring the emotional aspects of web pages. This paper focuses on the emotional design of home pages and aims to provide a methodology to design a web page suitable for goal emotions. In order to achieve the main purpose, we have conducted three related studies. First, we have identified basic emotional dimensions representing various feeling users have from web pages as a pool of emotional adjectives. Second, we have identified key design elements related to the emotion by observing the design process of expert designers. Third, we examined the causal relation between the perceived emotion and designed elements. The results indicate that some design elements are more effective to produce certain feeling than others. This paper ends with limitations and implications of the study results.