• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.336-347
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate eating-out behavior patterns of youths, especially junior high and senior high school students. 1600 questionnaire surveys were distributed and 1487 were used for analysis. In order to consider regional differences as well as overall characteristics of youths' eating-out behaviors, the subjects were evenly sampled from north Seoul, south Seoul, big cities, middle/small cities and small towns. As for the frequency of eating-out, 62.7% of respondents answered once to twice per week. For the can of more than 5 times of eating-out per week, the respondents from south Seoul showed the highest frequency. For the case of no eating-out, the highest frequency was shown from the small towns. As for the most frequently visited place for eating-out, 33.6% of respondents answered Korean style restaurants, and 17.6% Boon-sik(Sanck-bar). Regarding the preference of Korean style restaurants, the highest rate was shown from the residents of big cities. For the question of when they eat out, 89.6% answered dinner and 6.3% lunch. For the question about reason of choosing particular restaurants, 61.5% of respondents referred to tastes and 16.6% price. For the question of the most important reason of eating out, 52.6% point out 'meal solution' and 25.6% 'for meeting.' As for the people accompanied when eating out, 67.2% of the respondents answered family. For the cost of eating out per person, 45.7% of the respondents spent 2000-4000 won for lunch; 31.1% spent 5000-10,000 won for dinner; 33.7% of the respondents spent more than 20,000 won for the special events. Regarding the regional differences of eating-out cost, respondents from south Seoul tended to spend the biggest amount of money for lunch, dinner and special day.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.106-111
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• 2021

Background: Crookes tube is utilized in junior high and high schools in Japan to study the character of electrons and current, and not for radiological education. There is no official guideline or regulation for these radiation source to the public. Therefore, most teachers have no information about the leakage of X-rays from Crookes tube. The peak energy of X-rays is approximately 20 keV, and it is impossible to measure using conventional survey meters. Materials and Methods: Each leakage dose of low energy X-rays from 38 Crookes tube in the education field, such as junior and senior high schools in Japan, was explored by the teachers in the school using radio-photoluminescence (RPL) dosimeters. Before and after the measurements, the dosimeters were sent by postal mails. Results and Discussion: At the exploration in this study, it was estimated that the 70 ㎛ dose equivalent, H_p(0.07) of X-rays from 31 Crookes tubes were smaller than 100 µSv in 10 minutes, at the distance of 1 m, where the Crookes tube was usually observed. However, the highest dose was estimated as 0.69 mSv by an equipment with the full power. Furthermore, one Crookes tube exhibited 0.62 mSv with minimum output power of the induction coil. This relatively large dose was reduced by the shorter distance of discharge electrodes of the induction coil. Conclusion: The leakage dose of low energy X-rays from 38 Crookes tube was explored using RPL dosimeters. It was estimated that the H_p(0.07) of X-rays from 31 Crookes tubes were smaller than 100 µSv in 10 minutes at the distance of 1 m, while some equipment radiated a higher dose. With this study, the provisional guideline for the safety operation of Crookes tube is established.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.177-188
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• 2014

This research is aimed at analyzing the evaluation for the design and satisfaction/unsatisfaction of the autumn and winter school uniform targeting junior students and sophomore students at academical and vocational high schools located in Ulsan, Korea. For this research, SPSS 12.0 was used to measure the frequency and the t-test analysis of 396 data. The results of this study are as follows. The most important factor of autumn-winter school uniforms was heat-retainment. It was showed significant differences between sphere and grade. They also answered body shape' faults and figure emphasis as the most distressed factors. In the design of the school uniform, It was not show significant differences between sphere and grade. They considered the silhouette when they worn the school uniform as the most important factor. The primary factors in purchasing a uniform appeared to be price. Repair experiences after purchasing a school uniform found to count more among students. Examination about transformed parts of uniforms for the students with experiences in uniform modification showed that many students in the academic sphere modified length and width of upper wears, and length of skirt, while many students in the vocational sphere modified waist and hip. Junior grade than sophomore grade appeared to have modified in all parts.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.401-414
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• 1997

This study examined the transition of costume in middle and high school girls after the abolition of school-uniform. Fashion photographs of $\ulcorner$Junior$\lrcorner$a Korean magazine for girls were used for the investigation. Skirts used mainly were changed in order of pleat tight flare and tight skirt And skirt length was changed in order of knee midi knee and mini. Slim baggy and straight pants together showed high frequency but after 1992 straight pants were used mainly. And pants of ankle length was prevalent. In jacket Hip line natural waist and H-line silhouette dominated. Silhouette of one-piece dress was changed in order or X line H line and A line. Semi fit and natural waist were prevalent. And length was changed in order of midi knee and mini. The coat of H line Loose semi fit and Knee length was the most frequently appeared style. Waist line of coat was changed in order of natural low no natural waist. In skirt blue white black and black were mainly in spring summer fall and winter respectively. In pants blue was used mainly regardless of the season, In jacket blue in spring and black in other seasons were used. In one-piece derss blue in spring red in summer black in fall and winter were used mainly. Black coat was used mainly. Therefore blue was the most frequently used color by middle and high school girls.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.103-118
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• 1992

Quality control of science teachers seems to be one of the most important tasks to improve the quality of science education in Korea. The purposes of this study, as a survey, were to identify characteristics of good science teachers and to make an outline of preservice teacher education curriculum for cultivating the characteristics from inserivce secondary science teachers. A questionnaire was developed for this study and distributed to 176 inservice teachers. It had three parts: 1) characteristics of good science teachers, 2) weights of preservice curriclum areas, and 3) weights of college courses. The means and standard deviations of teachers' responses were calculated. To test the differences between teacher variables, t-tests were executed. The inservice teachers perceived that the junior-high school teacher's characteristics should be different from the senior-high school teacher's. Characteristics, such as enthusiasm toward teaching or students, subject knowledge, content selection and organizing skill, teaching techniques, and scientific worldview were ranked within top five of good science teacher's chracteristics. The teachers' perception about preservice curriculum were as follows: 1) present weight of liberal arts area should be reduced: 2) weight of content area for junior-high school teachers should be different from that for senior-high school teachers: 3) present weight of pedagogy area should be increased: 4) present weight of science education area should be increased: and 5) many courses in pedagogy and sciencd education areas need to be changed, Based on the data and disussion, a conceptual model for preservice teacher education curriculum was proposed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.120-138
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• 1995

In order to find smoking status and its related factors for female students, a survey was conducted for 1,045 female students of a women's university in Seoul from 22nd of May to 18th of June, 1995. The results were as follows: 1. Of the 1,045 respondents, 7.4% of them were current smokers and 20.6% of them were ex-smokers. The rate of smoking by the major field of study was 18.5% in art and physical education, 10.6% in liberal art and social science, 1.9% in natural science, and 1.2% in medical science. The rate of smoking by the grade was 4.1% in the freshman, 5.9% in the sophomore, 10.9% in the junior, and 10.0% in the senior grade. 2. 7.2% of respondents experienced first smoking at junior high school, 16.8% at senior high school, 4.1% after high school, and 69.2% at college. 3. The major motivation to start smoking was 'curiosity'(57.9%), 'releasing stress'(21.6%), and 'temptation from friend or senior'(12.0%). 4. The first smoking place was 'entertainment place'(49.6%), 'own room'(20.5%), and 'school '(11.3%). And the first smoking companion was 'friend'(62.3%), 'alone'(19.9%), and 'senior or junior'(5.1%). 5. The average quantity of a daily smoking was 6.16±5.29 cigarettes in current smokers and 31.2% of them had experience to quit smoking at least one or more time. 6. Most of the reasons to quit smoking in ex-smoker were due to 'bad taste '(60.5%), 'health concern'(27.4%) and 'religion'(2.3%). 7. Current smoker and ex-smoker had more positive attitude for the female smoking than nonsmoker. And 76.7% of nonsmokers answered that they would not smoke in the future. 8. Most correspondents(89.8% of nonsmoker, 83.7% of ex-smoker, 80.5% of current smoker) strongly supported the antismoking movement. 9. The major information source in smoking were from 'radio, TV'(51.0%), 'newspaper, magazine'(38.8%) and 'school'(7.7%). 10. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the related factors for smoking status were satisfaction of home life, coffee intake, alcohol drinking, sister's smoking, girl friend's smoking, and knowledge about smoking.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.2 s.27
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• pp.76-89
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• 2005

The objectives of this study are to identify the environmental consumer behavior, to examine the degree of environmental consumer behavior of the junior high school students, and to investigate the educational system of a school which influence the consumer behavior. The data used in this study are 368 male and female students in 9th grade in Anyang City, Kyunggi-do province. Statistics used for data analysis are means, standard deviation, t-test, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results of the research are summarized as follows : First of all, as a tendency of the environmental consumer behavior of junior high students, the primary factor to the environmental problems was media, and among those, TV and radio was the medium to environmental problems. This implies the fact that the time juveniles interact with mass media is significantly growing, which means that transmitting environmental problems by programs targeted to adolescences through mass media would be effective. Next, the disposal process showed the highest environmental consumer behavior, followed by the consuming and purchasing process. Education on the purchasing process will be necessary to encourage environmental consumer behavior. The route of obtaining environmental knowledge was basically from school and the level of the average environmental knowledge fumed out to be low. This shows the need to produce and distribute media education materials because educating the conclusion of actual experiments will be more effective than that of theoretical studies. The conformity showed general indifference on environmental consumer behavior and the environmental resources were normally collected seperated. Conformity is a cultural bond teenagers think important, therefore education available for students about the same age should be developed. Next, the value intention of the surveyed showed that the ecological intention was highest, followed by economic and convenience intentions. This means the morale of the junior high students to environmental consumer behavior is set sound. Females tended to act more environmentally, while males showed more intention to economic causes. Also, the students of the boys-only or girls-only schools showed higher environmentally sound behavior in disposal processes. Finally, the environmental consumer behavior was influenced most by environmental consumer behavior of the conformity group, followed by ecological morale, frequency of encountering environmental problems, gender, environmental knowledge, whether the school was boys-only or girls-only or not, economical morale, respectively. The largest factor affecting the consumer activity of the purchase, consumption, and disposal process was environmental consumer behavior of the conformity group, along with the ecological morale, and the frequency of encountering environmental problems. This implies that conformity group is a large factor to the juveniles and a plan to entice the environmental consumer behavior of conformity groups are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.189-210
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• 2014

The present study investigated the perceptual span(or the span of effective vision) of junior-high school students during reading Korean, using the material and the moving-window display change technique used in Choi & Koh(2009). The 8 different window sizes were used in the experiment. They were 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 characters in size and the whole line. Reading rate, number of fixation, saccadic distance, fixation duration were compared between each window-size condition and the whole line condition. Considering the pattern of eye-movement measures above, the size of the perceptual span of junior-high school students in Korean reading may be estimated to be 9 characters, that is 4 characters to the right and 1 characters to the left of the fixation.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.2 s.80
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• pp.209-219
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effect of individual-, parents-, and game-related variables on game addiction. Totally, 1065 10 to 18-year-olds participated and completed questionnaires. Male students had more tendency to game addition than female students. No difference in the level of addiction, however, was appeared among elementary, junior-high, and high school groups, which means that many young children are already Same-addicted. More severely addicted children and adolescents showed higher level of impulsivity, more difficulties in communication with their parents, and more expectation of psychological gratification and interpersonal relationship through the internet games. The relative effects of these independent variables to game addiction were different among gender*school groups. Firstly, impulsivity was significant only in boys of elementary group. Secondly, for the junior-high group, communication with father and mother was important to boys and girls, repectively. Lastly, expected gratification from gaming itself mainly predicted high school students' game addiction, irrespective of gender. The findings of this study suggest that earlier intervention to young garners should be carried out. It is also indicated that parents' and teachers' role for guidance of the internet games would be different with children's gender and developmental stages.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.535-541
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• 2005

The health of feet is connected with individual's health and affects a man's activity. Shoes need to be designed to protect feet and to absorb the impact of land. In order to choose suitable shoes for feet, the foot size and shape must be considered, so it is essential to grasp the exact size and shape of the foot. This study aims to present fundamental data on shoes' easy order prototype development for choosing shoes of good wearing comfort, by classifying feet size and shape junior high school boys in the early adolescent period. The subject were 234 Korean junior high school boys age from 14 to 16 years old. The subjects were directly measured anthropometrically and indirectly analyzed photographically. 6 factors were extracted through factor analysis and those factors comprised 79.42% of total variance. The factors characterizing foot girth and width, foot length, foot height, foot shape around the fifth toes, angle of foot breadth and foot shape around the first toes. 3 clusters as their foot shape were categorized using 6 factor scores by cluster analysis. Type 1 was characterized by long large foot with deformed first toe. Type 2 had smaller in foot girth, width and length than other types and with deformed fifth toe. Type 3 had average size and high foot shape. Shoes prototype which is to be developed later on will be able to generate 2D flattening in the foot sole form. Therefore, it would be a great support in producing and choosing appropriate shoes if forms are classified by subdividing foot form classification and extract a factor which shows only the foot sole shape.