• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.101-113
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• 2019

Objectives Bogol-tang has clinically been used to protect joint cartilage and to treat osteoarthritis. Our objective was to study the protective effect of Bogol-tang extract (BGT) in functional impairment, behavioral disorders, cartilage loss and pathological changes in a monoiodoacetate (MIA)-induced murine osteoarthritis (OA) model and interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ -treated primary rat chondrocytes. Methods Mouse knee joints were injected with MIA, a chemical that inhibits glycolysis and causes joint inflammation and matrix loss. MIA-OA induced mice orally administered BGT or acetaminophen (AAP) for 18 days by daily. Primary rat chondrocytes were pretreated with BGT or dexamethasone (DEX) and followed by co-incubation with IL-$1{\beta}$ (10 ng/mL). Results In MIA-OA mice model, BGT led to delayed response on hot plate analysis, and suppressed the cartilage loss and damages in joint tissues. BGT suppressed the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators, nitrite and $PGE_2$, the gene expression of matrix degrading enzymes, and extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1/2 and c-JunN-terminal kinase phosphorylation in IL-$1{\beta}$-treated primary rat chondrocytes. Conclusions Our results suggest that BGT improve the knee joint function and delay the cartilage damages by anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory and ant-catabolic effects, which indicate BGT could be a potential candidate for osteoarthritis treatment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

Unlike Urban building, horticultural facilities has a lot of heat loss through plastic or glass covering material which could be much influential to growing plant and consuming energy for heating greenhouse. In many cases, heat loss from a break of cover, a gap of joint sealing, the entrance to greenhouse and windows for ventilation are the main factors considered in calculating the heating load for horticultural facilities. however the normal observation through human eye and digital camera could not recognize where the heat loss occurred. but the infrared thermal image camera with detecting thermal difference could be very effective for noticing heat loss by analyzing infrared thermal image. In this study, greenhouse structure, covering material, internal and external provisions for Horticultural facilities were surveyed in different sites and Infrared thermal camera shooting and image analysis were performed for auditing heat loss from cultivation facilities The results from this study were that unexpected heat loss had been noticed in 7 representative cases of greenhouse such as side wall covered with single or double plastic, and the joint of horizontal thermal curtain, roof without horizontal thermal curtain, entrance to greenhouse, windows for ventilation. the most important factors for keeping heat energy were whether the horizontal thermal curtain with multifold thermal material was installed or not. The internal or external covering using multifold thermal curtain proved to be the most effective ways to keep heat energy from losing through heat transmission, heat radiation. from inside to outside the horticultural facilities.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2003

An attractive combination of corrosion resistance and mechanical properties in the temperature range -50 to $250^{\circ}C$ is offered by duplex stainless steel. However, undesirable secondary precipitation phase such as $\sigma$, $\gamma_2$ and $Cr_2N$ may taken place at the cooling stage from the welding processes. Therefore, this paper describes the influence of different welding procedures such as manual metal arc welding (MMA), tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) and vacuum brazing on corrosion resistance of the welded joint for UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel. Microstructure and chemical compositions of the welded joint were examined. The weight loss of specimens immersed in 6% $FeCl_3$ solution at $47.5^{\circ}C$ for 24-hours was determined and used to evaluate the pitting resistance of duplex stainless steel and their welds. The region of heat-affected zone of specimen obtained by the MMA is much wider than that resulted from TIG, therefore, the weight loss of welds by MMA was larger than that of weld by TIG. The weight loss of brazed specimens cooled from slow cooling rate was larger than those of specimens cooled from high cooling rate, because the precipitation of $\sigma$ phase. Beside that, the weight loss of brazed specimen is greater than those of the welded specimens. The galvanic corrosion was observed in brazed duplex stainless steel joints in the chloride solution.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1995

Giant cell tumors are primary bone tumors originating from non-osteoblastic connective tissue. The sites of involvement were commonly distal femur, proximal tibia, proximal humerus, distal radius and others (including os calcis, ilium and sacrum). Giant cell tumor located around knee joint has been difficult to treat because of local recurrence following curettage with or without bone graft. Although primary resections reduce recurrence of the lesion, the joint function will be markedly impaired. Marginal excision was very often complicated by a loss of joint integrity since all the giant cell tumors occupy juxtaarticular positions. Techniques involving physical adjuncts(high speed burr and electric cauterization) have been used in the hope of decreasing the rate of local recurrence and avoiding the morbidity of primary resection. A meticulous clinical, radiological and histological evaluation is needed to choose the correct treatment, keeping in mind the possibility of recurrence after each treatment modality.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.256-261
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• 2012

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis have been hesitated to use because of bitter memories about Proplast-Teflon interpositional TMJ implants. Many clinicians, however, are trying to use total TMJ prosthesis with getting continuous long-term follow-up results. Alloplastic total TMJ replacement have been applied to much more patients who have failed previous TMJ prostheses or TMJ implants, fibrous/bony ankylosis, severe osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease, idiopathic condylar resorption, condyle loss by trauma or tumor resection, and other bony destructive diseases. Nowadays three types of total TMJ prosthesis are widely used. In this article, indications, types of prosthesis, safety and stability would be demonstrated with a case report.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.513-518
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• 1998

In this paper, a robust fault-tolerant control scheme for robot manipulators overcoming actuator failures is presented. The joint(or actuator) fault considered in this paper is the free-swinging joint failure and causes the loss of torque on a joint. The presented fault-tolerant control framework includes a normal control with normal(non-failed) operation, a fault detection and a fault-tolerant control to achieve task completion. For both no uncertainty case and uncertainty case, a stable normal con-troller and an on-line fault detection scheme are presented. After the detection and identification of joint failures, the robot manipulator becomes the underactuated robot system with failed actuators. A robust adaptive control scheme of robot manipulators with the detected failed-actuators using the brakes equipped at the failed(passive) joints is proposed in the presence of parametric uncertainty and external disturbances. To illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed fault-tolerant control scheme, simulation results for a three-link planar robot arm with a failed joint are presented.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2018

Purpose -This paper is to study the process of the negative effects of Sino-foreign joint ventures, hoping to find out an effective path in which local enterprises can avoid the risks in the utilization of foreign capital, and ultimately achieve independent innovation. Research design, data, and methodology -The outflow of assets, the loss of local brands and the "technology hollowing-out" problem brought by joint ventures is becoming more and more serious. Based on conflict analysis graph model, this paper takes Yuhuan joint venture as an example to identify the conflict problem in Sino-foreign joint ventures. Results -The results of the stability analysis show that establishing joint venture cannot really realize the introduction of technology because the technology is fully controlled by the foreign part. So when introducing foreign capital, local enterprises should participate in R&D and master the initiative. Conclusions - Local enterprises should pay attention to patent containment and technology blockade of multinationals. Domestic enterprises should try to protect state-owned assets and local brands in Sino-foreign joint ventures. Independent innovation is the most effective strategy for the development of enterprises in China.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1082-1090
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• 2008

In this paper, a general solution for the vibrational energy and intensity distribution through a compliant and dissipative joint between plate structures is derived on the basis of energy flow analysis (EFA). The joints are modeled by four sets of springs and dashpots to show their compliancy and dissipation in all four degrees of freedom. First, for the EFA, the power transmission and reflection coefficients for the joint on coupled plate structures connected at arbitrary angles were derived by the wave transmission approach. In numerical applications, EFA is performed using the derived coefficients for coupled plate structures under various joint properties, excitation frequencies, coupling angles, and internal loss factors. Numerical results of the vibrational energy distribution showed that the developed compliant and dissipative joint model successfully predicted the joint characteristics of practical structures vibrating in the medium-to-high frequency ranges. Moreover, the intensity distribution of a compliant and dissipative joint is described.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.123-125
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• 2019

A 12-year-old castrated Toy Poodle was referred with a continuous non-weight bearing lameness of right hind limb due to a traffic accident 9 years ago. Physical examination and radiographs revealed partial loss of right calcaneal bone, loss of Achilles tendon and disused muscular atrophy. Arthrodesis was performed to preserve the function of the right hind limb. Pan tarsal arthrodesis plate was applied medially with 2.7 mm cortical screws and 2.0 mm cortical screws. During fixation, cancellous bone chip was transplanted into the arthrodesis site. A bone union was confirmed 9 weeks after surgery. Furthermore, on the gait analysis, the weight-bearing of right hind limb was restored to 70% of the opposite hind limb. Arthrodesis can be used to treat more difficult and serious problems affecting the joints. In particular, arthrodesis is indicated in cases such as comminuted intraarticular fractures and irreparable injury of the calcaneal tendon apparatus in the hock joint. In this case, the pan tarsal arthrodesis provided stability to the hock joint and improved the gait by restoring severe chronic damage. In conclusion, we successfully treated a challenging disability of hock joint using pan tarsal arthrodesis to restore the legs that were non-weight bearing due to chronic injury by traffic accident and objectively ascertained the increased weight bearing by gait analysis.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1053-1061
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• 1998

In this paper. the power flow analysis(PFA) method is applied to the prediction of the vibrational energy density and intensity of coupled co-planar plates. To cover the energy transmission and reflection at the joint of the plates. the wave transmission approach is Introduced with the assumption that all the incident waves are normal to the joint. By changing the frequency ranges and internal loss factors. we have obtained the reliable PFA results. and compared them with the analytical exact solutions.