• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effects of exercise on pulmonary function in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL (through Jan 2019). Three reviewers independently retrieved articles, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 729 participants. CE (SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.41~0.75, p<.001) and $VO_2peak$ (SMD 0.56, 95% CI 0.24~0.88, p=.001) had a significant effect on the most exercise interventions. As a secondary variable, BASFI (SMD -0.53, 95% CI -0.70~-0.37, p<.001), BASMI (SMD -0.75, 95% CI -0.92~-0.58, p<.001) showed an effect size of more than medium. However, PFT and QoL did not produce a significant results. Conclusion: Pulmonary involvement is common in patients with AS and might have disturbed functionality and exercise modality. Exercise can be an effective intervention to improve pulmonary function in patients with AS. More attention is needed to improve the chest and spinal mobility to maintain the appropriate pulmonary function. It is also necessary to consider how to construct a patient-tailored exercise program to increase performance, accuracy and safety of exercise.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2019

Background: After stroke, in order to improve gait function, it is necessary to increase the muscle strength and to enhance the propriocetive function of the lower extremity. Objects: This study aimed to compare the effects of open kinetic chain (OKC) versus closed kinetic chain (CKC) isokinetic exercise of the hemiparetic knee using the isokinetic equipment on lower extremity sensorimotor function and gait ability in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Thirty participants with chronic hemiplegia (> 6 months post-stroke) were randomly divided into 2 equal groups: CKC group and OKC group. Patients from both groups attended conventional physiotherapy sessions 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Additionally, subjects from the CKC group performed isokinetic exercise using the CKC attachment, while those from the OKC group performed isokinetic exercise using the OKC attachment. The isokinetic knee and ankle muscles strength, position sense of the knee joint, and spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured before and after interventions. Results: The knee muscles peak torque/body weight (PT/BW) and hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio significantly increased in both groups (p<.01). In particular, ankle plantarflexors PT/BW, position sense of the knee, gait velocity, and spatial gait symmetry significantly improved in the CKC group (p<.01, p<.05, p<.01, and p<.01, respectively). Conclusion: CKC isokinetic exercise can be an effective therapeutic intervention for the improvement of sensorimotor function of the lower extremity and gait functions, such as gait velocity and symmetry. CKC position in isokinetic strength training is effective to improve functional ability in patients with chronic stroke.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-23
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding hip abductor strengthening to conventional rehabilitation on muscle strength and physical function following total knee replacement (TKR) for knee osteoarthritis. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: Thirty-five participants were randomly allocated to exercise groups I (n=18) and II (n=17). Group I underwent hip abductor training and conventional rehabilitation for 30 min per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Group II underwent conventional rehabilitation for 30 min per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. The participants in both groups also received continuous passive motion therapy for 15 min per day, 5 days per week for 4 weeks. To investigate the effect of the intervention, the Biodex dynamometer was used to measure the peak torque of both knee extensors and hip abductors. This study used the Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) to assess physical function, as well as the figure-of-8 walk test (F8W) and the stair climb test (SCT). Results: According to the interventions, exercise groups I and II showed significantly improved muscle strength and KOS-ADLS, F8W, and SCT scores (p<0.001). Compared with that of exercise group II, exercise group I showed significantly improved hip abductor strength (p<0.001) and KOS-ADLS, F8W, and SCT scores (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the combination of hip abductor strengthening and conventional rehabilitation is an effective exercise method to increase hip abductor muscle strength and physical function after TKR.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.295-306
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of robot-assisted gait training on the active ranges of motion, gait abilities, and biomechanical characteristics of gait in patients who underwent lower extremity surgery, and to verify the effectiveness and clinical usefulness of robot-assisted gait training. Methods: This study was conducted on 14 subjects who underwent lower extremity surgery. The subjects participated in robot-assisted gait training for 2 weeks. The active ranges of motion of the lower extremities were evaluated, and gait abilities were assessed using 10-m and 2-min walk tests. An STT Systems Inertial Measurement Unit was used to collect data on biomechanical characteristics during gait. Spatiotemporal parameters were used to measure cadence, step length, and velocity, and kinematic parameters were used to measure hip and knee joint movement during gait. Results: Significant improvements in the active ranges of motion of the hip and knee joints (flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction) and in the 10-m and 2-min walk test results were observed after robot-assisted gait training (p < 0.05). In addition, biomechanical characteristics of gait, spatiotemporal factors (cadence, step length, and velocity), and kinematic factors (gait hip flexion-extension, internal rotation-external rotation angle, and knee joint flexion-extension) were also significantly improved (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study are of clinical importance as they demonstrate that robot-assisted gait training can be used as an effective intervention method for patients who have undergone lower extremity surgery. Furthermore, the findings of this study are clinically meaningful as they expand the scope of robot-assisted gait training, which is currently mainly applied to patients with central nervous system conditions.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of applying a defecation encouragement program for patients undergoing total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA). Methods: This program was based on the nursing best practice guideline: prevention of constipation in the older adult population by the National Guideline Clearing House (NGC) in 2011, which included fluid intake, bowel training, and abdominal and pelvic floor exercises. A team of one orthopaedic clinical nurse specialist and six orthopaedic nurses with a 10 years of clinical experience applied and assisted patients with the program. Formal counsel was provided by one orthopaedic doctor, one gastroenterologist, and one exercise therapist. Patients who defecated one day prior to or on the day of TKRA surgery were included. Data collected from 72 subjects were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: Time until first defecation after surgery was 2.4±1.1 days in experimental group, which was significantly shorter than the 3.5±0.9 days in control group (t=4.28, p<.001). Constipation assessment scale showed significantly lower points (t=2.55, p=.013) in experimental group (1.3±1.2) compared to control group (2.6±2.6). The experimental group and control group were 17.3±7.67 and 23.7±14.43, respectively, and the experimental group used less laxatives (t=2.83, p=.021). Conclusion: A defecation encouragement program was proved to be an appropriate nursing intervention for patients undergoing TKRA. This study confirmed that constipation is a nursing problem that can be sufficiently prevented if nurses are interested and encourage defecation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2022

Purpose : Kinesio taping applied to the ankle varies, and if the overall ankle is taped as much as possible, several effects, including balance, can be expected, but clinically the cost reduction for intervention is very important. Therefore, this study attempted to find out the optimal way to the effect and cost of kinesio taping on ankle dynamic balance. Methods : The subject of this study was 24 university students in their 20s (male: 13, female: 11), who received sufficient explanation of the purpose and method of the study. The Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) questionnaire was used for the degree of ankle instability of the study subjects. If the subject's CAIT score was 28 points or more, it was classified as a stable ankle, and if the score was 24 points or less, it was classified as functional ankle instability (FAI). In this study, Biodex Balance System^® measurement equipment was used to calculate the dynamic balance of study participants. The application of kinesio taping was performed by one physical therapist to attach in the same way, and a method of wrapping the ankle joint was applied in the eight-shaped bandage. Results : The results are as follows in before and after taping of the stable ankle and FAI group. There was no significant difference in the overall, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral stability index. The comparison is as follows between groups for the differences (post-pre value) in before and after the application of kinesio taping. There were no significant differences between groups in all the overall, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral stability index. Conclusion : In this study, no significant difference in kinesio taping was found in the dynamic balance of stable ankle and FAI (overall, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral). It is necessary to continue to study ways to find the maximum effect while minimally attaching them to the application method of ankle kinesio taping.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2022

Streptococcus intermedius is a small, non-motile, Gram-positive, non-sporeforming, and aerotolerant anaerobic coccus. It is a part of the normal microflora in the oral cavity and upper respiratory, gastrointestinal and female urogenital tracts. It is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious infections in patients with immunocompromised states or cardiac diseases as a result of trauma or invasive procedures. We describe a case of septic arthritis of the hip caused by S. intermedius in an immunocompetent healthy 7-year-old boy without a history of periodontal disease or invasive procedures. He had hip joint pain three weeks ago, and the fever began on the day of the visit. He had been healthy and had not undergone any invasive procedures recently. Septic arthritis of the hip was indicated in the magnetic resonance imaging of the hip. S. intermedius was identified in the hip joint fluid aspiration and blood culture. He was successfully treated with surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy with ceftriaxone followed by amoxicillin for five weeks.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.157-167
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the relationship among activities of daily living, ego integrity, social support and the compliance of patient-role behavior in elderly patients receiving hemodialysis, including the effect of these variables on the compliance of patient-role behavior. Methods: A descriptive survey was conducted with 150 elderly patients over 65 years of age who were also receiving hemodialysis. Data was collected from September 28 to November 13, 2021 and analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 26.0. Results: The results show that patient compliance had significant correlations with ego integrity (r=.63, p<.001) and social support (r=.28, p=.001). The other factors influencing patient compliance were the sub-domains of ego integrity, such as the acceptance of the past and the presence (β=.46, p<.001) and attitudes toward life (β=.26 p<.001), with an explanatory power of approximately 35.0% (F=17.21, p<.001). Conclusion: This study confirms that the ego integrity of elderly patients receiving hemodialysis has an effect on the compliance of patient role behavior. Nursing intervention programs that improve the ego integrity of elderly hemodialysis patients could help improve the compliance of patient-role behavior, which is an important factor in the disease management process.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.149-153
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• 2023

This study conducted an eight-week equestrian exercise for 20 adults aged 20 or older to find out the effect of equestrian exercise on the flexibility of the human body.As a result of the experiment, the range of flexion-tension in the waist joint motion increased from an average of 120.2° to an average of 132.5° before the experiment, and the range of lateral bending increased from an average of 65.8° to an average of 67.3°. In the Sit and reach Test, it increased from 2.94 mm to 4.97 mm before the experiment. It was found that the range of motion of the joint increased during flexion and extension of the waist, and as the range of lateral bending increased, the flexibility of the human body increased. To confirm this, a flexibility test was conducted, and I believe that riding equipment exercise is a physiotherapy intervention that prevents back pain and increases flexibility in the human body, I would like to suggest that it can be used to promote health not only for patients with diseases such as back pain but also for the healthy general public.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

Background: This study aimed to determine the effects of pectoralis minor stretching, lower trapezius strengthening exercise with serratus anterior strengthening exercise to find an effective therapeutic exercise for alignment, shoulder range of motion, muscle imbalance of rounded shoulder patient. Methods: This study targeted on a total of 28 male subjects, aged 20s and 30s, and randomly divided the subjects into each group, with 14 subjects each. The experimental group performed pectoralis minor stretching, lower trapezius strengthening exercise, and serratus anterior strengthening exercise, while the control group performed pectoralis minor stretching and lower trapezius strengthening exercise. Results: both group showed an increase in active range of motion for shoulder flexion, a muscle activity of the serratus anterior muscle and the lower trapezius muscle, a decrease in muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle, and a significant improvement in scapular alignment after the intervention. In the comparison between group, the experimental group showed greater increased shoulder joint flexion range of motion, serratus anterior muscle activity, and decreased upper trapezius muscle activity than the control group. Conclusion: Performing serratus anterior strengthening exercises with pectoralis minor stretching and lower trapezius strengthening exercises is effective for improving the active range of motion in shoulder joint flexion and muscle imbalance