• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.278-283
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• 2023

The initial instance of isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy (IUTMH) was reported in 1990. Since then, only few cases have been documented. The cause of this condition remains ambiguous; however, it is presumed to be linked to compensatory and stress-induced hypertrophy. We introduce a rare case of the diagnosis and treatment of IUTMH. A 39-year-old woman presented with a steadily enlarging pain-free swelling on the left side of her face, first noticed a month ago. Apart from a hyperthyroidism medication regimen her medical history was unremarkable. She had no history of temporomandibular joint disease, bruxism, surgery, or trauma. However, she complained of having been under substantial stress lately. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed asymmetric temporalis muscle hypertrophy. The treatment plan consisted of administering type A botulinum toxin injections into left temporalis muscle, supplemented by lifestyle changes and relaxation techniques. At a follow-up visit 9 months after the injections, the muscle contour was normalized both in physical and in radiologic examinations. While further supportive evidence is needed, it can be anticipated that cosmetic treatment with botulinum toxin, rather than surgical interventions, will become the standard treatment of IUTMH.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2022

Backgrounds/Aims: The goal of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of lymph node ratio (LNR) in distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCC) after curative intended surgery. Methods: Clinicopathological data of 162 DCC patients who underwent radical intended surgery between 2012 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Prognostic factors related to overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated. Results: Median OS time and DFS time were 41 and 29 months, and 5-year OS rate and DFS rate were 44.7% and 38.1%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, significant prognostic factors for OS were histologic differentiation, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, positive lymph node count, LNR, R1 resection, and perineural invasion. Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, infiltrative type, histologic differentiation, AJCC stage, positive lymph node count, LNR, R1 resection, perineural invasion, and lymph-vascular invasion were significant prognostic factors for DFS in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, histologic differentiation, R1 resection, and LNR were the independent prognostic factors for both OS and DFS. The LNR ≥ 0.2 group had a significantly poor prognosis in terms of OS (hazard ratio, 3.915; p = 0.002) and DFS (hazard ratio, 5.840; p < 0.001). Conclusions: LNR has significant value as a prognostic factor of DCC related to OS and DFS. LNR has the potential to be used as a modified staging system with furthermore studies.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.122-140
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• 2001

The aims of this study were to understand and to predict the determinent factors affecting the exercise behaviors and physical fitness by testing the Pender's revised health promotion model, and to help the patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis perform the continous exercise program, and to help them maximize the physical effect such as muscle strength, endurance, and functional status and mental effects including self efficacy and quality of life, and improve the physical and mental well being, and to provide a basis for the nursing intervention strategies. Of the selected variables in this study, the endogenous variables included the physical fitness, exercise score, exercise participation, perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers of action to exercise, activity-related affect(depression) and perceived self-efficacy, interpersonal influences(family support), situational factors(duration of arthritis, fatigue) and the exogenous variables included personal sociocultural factor(education level), personal biologic factor(body mass index), personal psychologic factor(perceived health status) and prior related behavior factors(previous participation in exercise, life-style). We analyzed the clinical records of 208 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative arthritis who visited the outpatient clinics at H university hospital in Seoul. Data were composed of self reported qustionnaire and good of fitness score which were obtained by padalling the ergometer of bicycle for 9 minutes. SPSS Win 8.0 and Window LISREL 8.12a were used for statistical analysis. Of 75 hypothetical paths that influence on physical fitness, exercise participation, exercise score, perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers of action to exercise, activity-related affect(depression) and perceived self-efficacy, interpersonal influences(family support), situational factors(duration of arthritis, fatigue), 40 were supported. The physical fitness was directly influenced by life-style, perceived health status, education level, family support, fatigue, which explained 12% of physical fitness. The exercise participation were directly influenced by life-style, education level, past exercise behavior, perceived benefits of action, perceived barriers of action, depression and duration of arthritis, which explained 47% of exercise participation. Exercise score were directly affected by perceived self efficacy. BMI, life-style, past exercise behavior, perceived benefits of action, family support, perceived health status. perceived barriers of action, and fatigue, which explained 70%. Perceived benefits of action was directly influenced by BMI, life-style, which explained 39%. Perceived barriers of action were directly influeced by past exercise behavior, perceived health status, which explained 7%. Perceived self efficacy were directly influeced by level of education, perceived health status, life-style, which explained 57%. Depression were directly influeced by past exercise behavior, BMI, life-style, which explained 27%. Family support were directly influeced by life-style, perceived health status, which explained 29%. Fatigue were directly influeced by BMI, life-style, perceived health status. which explained 41%. Duration of arthritis were directly influeced by life-style, past exercise behavior, BMI, which explained 6%. In conclusion, important variables for physical fitness were life-style, and variable affecting exercise participation were life-style. Perceived self-efficacy of exercise was a significant predictor of exercise score. BMI, Life-style, perceived benefits of action, family support, past exercise behavior showed direct effects on perceived self-efficacy. Therefore, disease related factor should be minimized for physical performance and well being in nursing intervention for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and plans to promote and continue exercise should be seeked to reduce disability. In addition, Exercise program should be planned and performed by the exact evaluation of exercise according to the ability of the patients and the contents to improve the importance of exercise and self efficacy in self control program, dedicated educational program should be involved. This study suggest that the methods to reduce the disease related factors, the importance of daily life-style, recognition of benefit of exercise, and educational program to promote self efficacy should be considered in the exercise behavior promotion and nursing intervention for continous performance. The significance of this study is also thought to provide patients with chronic arthritis the specific data for maximal physical and mental well being through exercise, chronic therapeutic procedure, daily adaptation and confrontation in nursing intervention.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2010

목 적: 본 연구는 위암 환자에서 근치적 수술과 수술 중 방사선치료(intraoperative radiotherapy)를 시행한 장기 추적 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1988년부터 1994년까지, 51명의 원발성 국소진행성 위암 환자에게 근치적 수술과 수술 중 방사선치료를 시행하였다. 수술 후 외부방사선치료는 30명의 환자에서, 보조 항암화학요법은 35명의 환자에서 시행되었다. 수술 중 방사선치료는 9 MeV의 전자선을 이용하여 15 Gy를 조사하였으며, 외부방사선치료 조사선량의 중앙값은 43.2 Gy (7.2~45 Gy)이었다. 보조 항암화학요법은 35명에서 시행되었다. 추적관찰기간의 중앙값은 64개월(1~254개월)이었다. 결 과: 환자의 나이는 30~71세(중앙값, 58세)였다. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-notemetastasis (TNM) 병기(2002)는 병기 I 13명(25.5%), 병기 II 10명(19.6%), 병기 III 25명(49.0%), 병기 IV 3명(5.9%) 이었다. 주된 재발은 원격전이로 11명이었으며, 이 중 1명에서 국소재발이 동시에 발견되었다. 전체 환자의 5년 국소영역제어율, 무병생존율, 전체생존율은 각각 94.7%, 66.5%, 51.7%이었다. 다변량분석에서 전체생존율에 영향을 주는 인자에는 나이, TNM 병기, 외부방사선치료가 있었으며, 무병생존율에 대해서는 TNM 병기만이 유의한 인자였다. 결 론: 국소 진행성 위암에서 근치적 수술과 수술 중 방사선치료로 높은 국소제어율을 얻을 수 있었다. 그러나 수술 중 방사선치료의 생존율에 대한 영향에 대해서는 연구가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.77-101
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• 1997

In September 1994, residents of Gozan-dong, Incheon City, made a petition to the government about their health problems which might be caused by previous glass fibre landfill nearby 'H' company. In february 1995, at regular academic meeting of occupational and environmental medicine, a research team of 'D' University presented that they had found glass fibres in groundwater of the area through their survey. They were suspicious of probable association between ingestion of groundwater contaminated with glass fibres and skin tumors among residents. A joint research team was formed and carried out the survey of environment concerning groundwater and its glass fibre existence, and health assessment of residents in the area and industrial workers of 'H' company during May to November, 1995. Analysis of groundwater flow system indicates that the flow lines from the glass fibre landfill pass through or terminate at the 6 houses around the landfill. This means that the groundwater of the 6 houses around the glass fibre landfill could be affected by some possible contaminants from the landfill, but the groundwater quality of the other houses was irrelevant to the landfill. The qualitative and qualitative analyses for glass fibres in 54 groundwater samples including those from the nearby 6 houses, were carried out using SEM equipped with EDS, resulting in no evidence for the presence of glass fibres in the waters. Major precipitates, formed in waters while boiling, were identified as calcium carbonates, in particulary, aragonites in needle form. The results of health assessments of 889 residents in Gozan-dong, participated in this study, showed statistically significant differences in past medical histories of skin tumor and respiratory disease between the exposed group (31 persons who inhabited in 6 houses around the landfill) and the control group, but no significant differences in past medical histories of other diseases, such as cancer mortality, current gastroscopic findings, current skin diseases and respiratory diseases, etc. Also, we could not prove any glass fibres in excised specimens of 9 skin tumors in both groups and there were no health problems possibly associated with glass fibres in employees of the 'H' company. After all, we could not authenticate the association, raised by prior investigators, between groundwater streams, assumedly contaminated with glass fibres or not, and specific disease morbidities or common disease/symptom prevalences. That is, we could not find any glass fibres in groundwater as the only exposure factor of this study hypothesis, and there were not enough certain evidences such as increasing disease prevalences, for examples, skin, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases etc, possibly related to glass fibre exposure, in exposed group. As a matter of course, the conditions for confirming causal association, for example, strength of the association, consistency of the association, specificity of the association, temporality of the association and dose-response relationship etc, have not been satisfied. In conclusion, we were not able to certify the hypothesis that contamination of groundwater with glass fibres might cause any hazardous health effects in residents who used it for drinking.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2012

목적: 고용량 인터페론-${\alpha}2b$를 이용한 악성흑색종의 면역요법은 외과적 절제술 후 현미경적 적이나 남아있는 종양의 재발을 막고 무병생존율과 전체 생존율을 높이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자 등은 악성 흑색종 환자군에서 외과적 절제술 후 고용량 인터페론-${\alpha}$ 면역요법을 시행한 그룹의 무병생존기간 및 전체 생존율 등을 비교 분석하여 면역요법의 치료결과를 예비 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2010년 2월부터 2012년 10월까지 본원에서 악성 흑색종으로 진단받고 외과적 수술 후 면역치료를 시행한 5명을 대상으로 분석 하였다. 병기는 AJCC 병기를 이용하여 판정하였으며 IIA 3예, IIB 1예, IV 1예로 나타났다. 추시기간은 최소 7개월에서 최대 32개월이었다. 면역 요법을 시행한 군에서는 먼저 유도요법으로 ${\alpha}2b$를 체표면적 당 20만 IU를 총 4주간 1주일에 5회 정주하였으며 이후 유지요법으로 체표면적당 10만 IU를 총 48주간 1주일에 3회 피하주사하였다. 이들 환자들에 대해 국소재발과 국소전이, 그리고 원격전이여부를 조사하였고 무병생존기간을 조사하였다. 결과: 인터페론-${\alpha}2b$ 면역요법을 시행한 환자군에서 추시 흉부 전산화 단층촬영 및 양전자 컴퓨터 단층촬영을 통한 평가 결과 현재까지 모두 국소 재발 및 국소전이 원격전이의 증거가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 고용량 인터페론-${\alpha}$ 면역요법 시행군에서 현재까지 종양의 국소 재발 및 전이를 막는 것으로 나타났으나 향후 궁극적인 생존율 및 무병생존율 향상이 달성되는가에 대해서는 추가적인 연구대상과 추적관찰이 필요하겠다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2011

경부 CT검사 시 선속경화인공물(Beam Hardening Artifact)에 의해 제 6번 7번 경추 및 추간판 등의 질환 및 그밖에 해부학적 구조를 정확히 구분하기에 어려움이 있다. 경부 CT검사를 시행할 경우 자세의 변화방법을 적용한 견관절의 방향과 위치에 따른 영상평가 및 커널값의 변화에 따른 영상평가를 통하여 선속경화 인공물의 원인을 알아보고 가장 적절한 검사자세 및 Kernel값을 실험을 통하여 알아보고자 하였다. 경부 CT검사를 위해 내원한 환자 30명(2010년 7월1일 ~ 2010년 12월31일까지 내원한 환자)을 대상으로 Somatom Sensation 16(Siemens, Enlarge, Germany)장비를 이용하였고, workstation은 AW 4.4 version(GE, USA)을 이용하였다. 환자 자세는 견관절의 방향과 위치에 따라 세가지 자세로 변화를 주었으며 양쪽 팔을 편안하게 위치시킨 바로 누운 자세(group N), 왼쪽 팔을 거상 시킨 자세(group S) 그리고 양손을 외 선위(eversion)시켜 최대한 아래로 내리는 자세(group P)로 견관절의 방향을 변화를 주어 스캔을 시행하였고, 두 번째로 영상 재구성 방법을 이용하여 스캔 데이터에 커널값을 B10(very smooth), B20(smooth), B30(medium smooth), B40(medium), B50(medium sharp), B60(sharp), B70(very sharp)로 변화를 주어 재구성 하였다. 검사자세의 변화와 Kernel값의 변화를 주어 얻어진 영상 데이터를 이용하여 각 각의 노이즈 값 측정과 영상평가를 통하여 분석해보았다. 경부 CT검사 시 검사자세는 양손을 외선위(eversion)시켜 최대한 아래로 내리는 자세(group P)로 하며, 커널 값은 B40(medium)또는 B50(medium sharp)으로 재구성할 경우 가장 적절한 자세와 커널값으로 분석되어 임상에 적용 시 매우 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.310-316
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• 2021

목적: 화농성 슬관절염은 조기 진단과 신속한 수술적 치료가 필요한 정형외과적 응급 질환이다. 본 연구는 국소 마취하에 배액관 삽입 및 세척을 통한 화농성 슬관절염 치료의 효용성에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2017년 9월부터 2020년 2월까지 화농성 슬관절염을 진단받고 국소 마취하에 배액관 삽입과 세척을 통해 치료를 시행 받은 총 9예(8명)의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 하였다. 상외측 삽입구에서 상내측으로 관통하는 방식으로 배액관을 넣은 후 약 3 L의 생리식염수를 이용하여 매일 세척하였다. 나이, 성별, 기저질환, 화농성 슬관절염의 원인, 골관절염의 정도, 진단 후 수술까지 소요된 시간, 재원기간, C-반응성 단백이 정상화되는 기간, 배양 균주 등을 확인하였다. 결과: 진단 당시 혈액검사에서 혈청 백혈구 수치는 평균 9,211±2,912개/mm³ (6,100-16,300개/mm³), C-반응성 단백은 평균 12.1±11.2 mg/dl (3.9-35.4 mg/dl)였으며, 초기 관절 천자액 검사상 평균 백혈구 수치는 71,472±51,667개/mm³ (32,400-203,904개/mm³), 평균 다형 백혈구 분율은 평균 91.1%±2.6% (86%-95%)였다. 진단 후 수술까지 소요된 시간은 평균 8.3±1.3 시간(6-10시간)이었고, 평균 세척 기간은 8.2±3.2일(4-15일), 평균 재원 기간은 20.8±8.7일(9-37일)였다. 도말 및 배양 검사로 원인균은 동정되지 않았다. 결론: 화농성 슬관절염의 치료에서 국소 마취를 통한 삽입관 삽입과 세척술은 비교적 빠르고 간단한 방법으로 조기에 관절 내 삼출물을 제거하여 통증을 줄이고 반복적으로 세척할 수 있어 전신 또는 척수 마취의 위험성이 높은 환자에게 치료의 대안으로 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2000

목적 : 상완골 근위부의 악성 골종양에 대한 골수강내 금속정과 골시멘트를 이용한 사지 구제술을 시행한 환자에서 수술 후 기능적 결과 및 종양학적 추시 결과를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 본 연구는 1992년 8월부터 1998년 4월까지 상완골 근위부의 악성 골종양으로 수술을 받은 18례를 대상으로 하였다. 골육종이 7례, 연골육종이 3례, 재발성 거대세포종이 3례, 전이성 악성 골종양이 3례, 다발성 골수종이 1례, 악성 섬유성 조직구증이 1례였다. 평균 연령은 38세이며, 추시 기간은 평균 26개월이었고, 수술은 병소 절제후 상완골두 모양으로 성형한 골시멘트와 골수강내 정을 이용하여 관절 성형술을 시행하였다. 술후 환자의 기능 평가는 국제 사지 보존 회의(ISOLS)의 기능 평가 방법을 이용하였으며, 또한 국소 재발, 원격 전이, 합병증 및 생존 기간 등을 분석하였다. 결과 : 기능 평가 점수는 평균 21.1(70.3%)이었다. 3례에서 국소 재발이 있었고, 5례에서 원격 전이가 발생하였다. 합병증으로 1례에서는 견관절 불안정성, 1례에서는 심부 조직의 감염이 발생하였다. 현재 지속적 무병 상태 7례, 유병 생존 상태 7례이며, 4례는 원격 전이 등으로 사망하였다. 결론 : 상완골 근위부 악성 골종양에 대하여 골수강내 정과 골시멘트를 이용한 사지 구제술을 시행하여 비교적 만족할 만한 기능적 결과를 얻었다. 이 술식은 선택된 경우에 있어서 상완골 근위부 종양 치료에서 재건 방법의 하나로 고려될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7459-7466
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• 2013

Background: Some 60 years after introduction of the Papanicolaou smear worldwide, cervical cancer remains a burden in developing countries where >85% of world new cases and deaths occur, suggesting a failure to establish comprehensive cervical-cancer control programs. Effective interventions are available to control cervical cancer but are not all affordable in low-income settings. Disease awareness saves lives by risk-reduction as witnessed in reducing mortality of HIV/AIDS and smoking-related cancers. Subjects and Methods: We initiated a community-based awareness program on cervical cancer in two low-income Muslim Uyghur townships in Kashi (Kashgar) Prefecture, Xinjiang, China in 2008. The education involved more than 5,000 women from two rural townships and awareness was then evaluated in 2010 and 2011, respectively, using a questionnaire with 10 basic knowledge questions on cervical cancer. Demographic information was also collected and included in an EpiData database. A 10-point scoring system was used to score the awareness. Results: The effectiveness and feasibility of the program were evaluated among 4,475 women aged 19-70 years, of whom >92% lived on/below US$1.00/day. Women without prior education showed a poor average awareness rate of 6.4% (164/2,559). A onetime education intervention, however, sharply raised the awareness rate by 4-fold to 25.5% (493/1,916). Importantly, low income and illiteracy were two reliable factors affecting awareness before or after education intervention. Conclusions: Education intervention can significantly raise the awareness of cervical cancer in low-income women. Economic development and compulsory education are two important solutions in raising general disease awareness. We propose that implementing community-based awareness programs against cervical cancer is realistic, locally affordable and sustainable in low-income countries, which may save many lives over time and, importantly, will facilitate the integration of comprehensive programs when feasible. In this context, adopting this strategy may provide one good example of how to achieve "good health at low cost".