• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.323-357
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• 2009

This study illuminates the mechanism of life course on labor status of old age complementing the limits of labor status hypothesis of old age and model of statues attainment and combining them. The main results from this analysis are summarized in four points. Firstly, older men mostly engaged in agriculture, forestry and fishing industry or low-class occupations. A very small portion held high level or professional occupations. Regular full-time employees or employers were only 4.4% while, about 70% of older employees were temporal employees or self-employed. This shows that the elderly affluence hypothesis which alleges that most older men maintain high level occupations, applies to only a few. The second finding is that wealth differentials are sizable: about 20% of older workers own less than 50 million won, while 9.3% possess more than 600 million won. Therefore, it is not safe to claim that most people have accumulated enough wealth for old age according to the elderly affluence hypothesis. This gap being mainly reflected by education level, suggests that the model of status attainment is appropriate as wealth accumulation hypothesis. Thirdly, educational level determined not only lifetime careers, but also labor status of old age. Fourthly, using path analysis, the last finding is that education had effect on labor status of old age through lifetime career and wealth. That is, old men who have low education level had unstable lifetime career and own less wealth. They work in low income job, low social occupations and unstable occupation type in old age. This shows that life inequality continues until old age. Therefore, the inequality of education opportunity, spread of part-time work and small scale self employees should be discouraged. Furthermore, related policy should be provided in order to prevent being caught in unstable work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.874-880
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• 2019

Korea entered the aging society in 2000 and has been officially classified as an aged society as of 2019. As a result thereof, the number of aging seamen and the number of marine accidents of aging crews have consistently increased every year. The aging of drivers, in the relam of road traffic, is the same as those in the field of shipping. However, research and policy-making to solve these problems in the realm of road transportation are more active than in the shipping field. Therefore, this study is aimed at finding education methods for reducing traffic accidents by old aging drivers and determining the benchmark in terms of maritime education. In the area of domestic and foreign road traffic, traffic safety education for older aging drivers is implemented as a way to reduce the causes of human factors in traffic accidents. This study analyzed the current situation of the maritime education field and combined it with the solution in the field of road traffic. First, it is deemed necessary to implement professional license acquisition education. Second, job refresher training for the renewal of the license for aging seamen has to be implemented. Lastly, it is imperative to implement the age transition education for aging seamen. This study, however, is limited to determining the improvement plan for maritime education in relation to aging seamen. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate varying studies in the future.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.319-327
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• 2015

This study can be summarized as follows : First, main participant, procedure and method of redevelopment of Inner port shall be additionally reviewed. Demands of stakeholder of Incheon Inner Port are actively accommodated to avoid the disruption in undertaking the project. Second, it must ensure the adequacy and appropriateness of policies regarding the redevelopment of the Inner Port in Incheon. It is necessary to obtain consent of people on this project. Third, appropriate system must be established to undertake the project. For this purpose, the governance system shall be built to collect the opinions of the people. The conclusions of this study are as follows. The national master plan and modify plans of Port redevelopment have been being undertaken based on Port Act. Incheon Inner Port redevelopment has been showing slight discrepancy with that of other ports. It's the essential part to coordinate the opinions and needs between the parties prior to the establishment of a redevelopment plan. This can be settled when it's warranted for dock workers to secure the job, and for port companies to provide replaceable piers as the precondition. In addition, eco-friendly waterfront leisure space shall be planned and alternative policies shall be arranged with accommodating the needs of local residents and merchants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2018

JejuHaenyeo(women diver) culture has been designated as UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(ICH) in 2016. However, the number of new Haenyeo is decreasing due to the hardships and difficulties of Haenyeo job, and the aging factor of Haenyeo is threatening the cultural preservation and inheritance. The study aims to analyze JejuHaenyeo's awareness on self, community and UNESCO ICH designation. The study further aims to check any significant difference in Haenyeo's self-awareness per age group to conclude an effective strategy for permanence of Haenyeo culture. 228 JejuHaenyeo were interviewed at "The 10th JejuHaenyeo World Festival" around the Jeju Haenyeo Museum in Gujwa-eup, Jeju-si. The test result shows the difference per age group on awareness on self and UNESCO ICH designation status. The younger the generation of Haenyeo it gets, the awareness on self and UNESCO ICH designation status of Haenyeo gets lowerer. Without an immediate improvement to supplement JejuHaenyeo's awareness on self and UNESCO ICH designation status, preservation and inheritance of JejuHaenyeo culture may not be an easy task in the future.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to clarify the elements of the function of the role of industrial high schools that its experts perceived. The content of this research is verify the function element required for the performance of the role of specialized education through content validity ratio(CVR). This research adopted the method of literature research and Delphi method, which is to collect and come to an agreement of the opinions of the 26 research panels. The first round is constructed by the semi-constructed questionnaire for the analysis of the opinions of the panels by inductive method. The second round is to categorize the result of the first one into 7 domains, and asked each category by Likert's 5 scale checklists, and statistically analyzed mean, medium, standard deviation, and quartile. The third round is to statistically analyze Mean, standard deviation, medium, and validity ratio(CVR) to reassure the opinions of the panels on the basis of the result of the first one. The categorized contents of the function required for the performance of the specialized education in this research is 'in-service visit and in-service training', 'licence acquiring education', 'employment counseling and job employment information', 'custom-made education connected with industry', 'career education' and 'enhancement of basic career competency'. The panels are divided into professors, teachers, professionals, and policy administrators, and they verified the validity rate of the function role and priority of emphasis. The result showed that the tendency of the education is converting from physical function-centered education to education of emotional attitude and competence of thought.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.16
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• pp.265-282
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• 2008

This research aims to provide a solution for the improvement of private security according to the change in criminal environment. The main cause of crime can be found in the anti-functional dimensions including value set disorder, social phenomenon variation, information-based, globalization and urbanization. In this environment, the private security sector has dramatically increased in a quantitative viewpoint, but it is insufficient in a qualitative viewpoint. This paper recognized this problem and demonstrates a solution for improvement through classifying elements of private security into relevant legislation, education institutions, security companies and security associations. The analysis result is a follows: First, motivation and satisfaction rate of escort and security related major has shown to be high. However, respondents evaluated the guard educational institution negatively. Second, the motivation of entering into the private security sector for internal staffs has shown to be positive and sound. However, the job satisfaction rate has shown to be low due to excessive competition, negative perception of occupation and low earning. Third, respondents gave an average mark to the Security Association's management and operation. In addition, the mutual-aid project received the same mark. Negative feedbacks were given to the protection of member's interest and to association operation and policy, while positive feedbacks were given to the degree of member's cooperation towards association policies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.737-744
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• 2016

Seoul Metropolitan Area has been changed by fierce internal migration during the last several decades. To determine the regional structure, we analyzed the in-and-out migration pattern and main factors affecting the intense of mobility. The migration within metropolitan city and province shows that in Seoul, Songpa and Dobong Gu gained a large population, in Incheon, Namdong Gu experienced a huge population influx, and in Gyeonggi Province, Hwasung, Yongin and Paju city gained a great population. In Seongnam, Suwon city lost a lot of population. These population gains and losses came from mainly residential redevelopment projects in the metropolitan city and new land development projects in Gyeonggi Province. The main factors affecting the intense of mobility diverse from city characters. In central type cities, house price gets the more population influx. In job-housing balanced cities, total income growth rate, housing supply rate and roads cause in-migration. In bed-town type cities, the increase of housing supply rate and parks increase the population. In suburban type cities, business density, housing supply rate, housing, subway station number and educational facilities increase population from outside the city. So, we have to prepare more detailed urban and housing policy responses.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.30
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• pp.7-29
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• 2013

A movie which brought its material from a historical character or incidents in the past was produced by a story suggestion through a historical fact. It is because Shakespeare created a story based on a mythical element related with his life in the plot which was written from the script of the play and was on the show in the cinemas of London. It is an obvious fact that the historical drama of this movie was intentionally modified and the fictional story was added to episodes in order to create a dramatic effect. However, reflecting historical backgrounds and cultural aspects accurately through a historical study would also be an important factor. Therefore, the backgrounds and aspects presented in this movie are a kind of storytelling which was reconstructed as if a historian added his opinion to historical facts like a discourse. A historical background in was a story about Shakespeare who worked at the theater in London as a writer in 1593 the period of England Reneissance. The movie included the working and playwriting of Shakespeare who is a main character. This indicated not only the environment of the theater and literature during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I but also historical aspect in the early modern industrial society in England. This movie, that is, described that time as a recreation such as a cultural acceptance and an achievement of an initial capitalism in Renaissance in the life of characters. In particular, the factor of theaters flourishing during the Renaissance was because a newly emerging class, bourgeoisie, who held the capital emerging from a policy for middle class led to a box office hit through founding theaters and drama company and selling tickets and performing plays by themselves. Like this, the movie depicted the time led by plays to a industrialization. Moreover, Social aspects in the late 1500s were revealed in this movie through a depiction of the cinemas and the city of London. The depiction of the city of London reflected a social situation of an initial capitalism rapidly developed in trade and commerce. The social aspects such as conflicts between social classes based on getting richer and poorer, mammonism, a corrupted love between the male and the female, a immortality with growing brothels, religious and political conflicts with the foundation of the church in England were closely linked with characters' daily routine at that time in London and were reflected in this work overall. The reason why we highlight characters' job and custom like this in the movie is that these are ideationally inherent in a critical mind from people at that moment. The historical background and reproduction of the image depicted in the movie were focused on characters' daily routine and indicated the problem mentally and independently exposed in the form of initial capitalism.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.331-357
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• 2017

In this study, we explored the degree to which foreign workers in Korea are satisfied with their lives. We examined the extent of the respondents'educational mismatch, their experiences of discrimination, and the empowerment influence on their degree of life satisfaction. Based on this, we developed practical implications to improve foreign workers'life satisfaction in the country. The results show that life satisfaction significantly rises as the respondents'educational credentials increasingly match with the criteria for their respective jobs, given that they have not experienced discrimination and their empowerment level is high. Based on these outcomes, we proposed the following important policy measures: mediation and diminishing educational mismatch during job searches, establishing legal and institutional frameworks to prevent discrimination, and placing greater emphasis on efforts to improve foreign workers'empowerment. We expect our findings to provide an important empirical basis for efforts to facilitate foreign workers'integration into Korean society. This study is the first attempt to apply concepts such as foreign workers'empowerment and educational mismatch -as defined by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development's Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (OECD PIAAC) -to foreign workers in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.239-259
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to find a better way for placement of teacher librarians after the revision of the Enforcement Decree of School Libraries Promotion Act. To do this, the literature research is applied for reviewing the policy and current status regarding the placement of school librarians. The Ministry of Education announced its willingness to secure the number of job openings for librarian teachers through the midium and long-term plan in the 3rd School Library Promotion Basic Plan. It is analyzed that 323 new teacher librarians need to be recruited every year, after estimating the demand for recruitment of teacher librarians by 2030, considering the 3rd school library promotion basic plan. Schools in Gyeonggi Province and Daegu with no school library personnel exclusively in charge of libraries have been allocated with temporary teacher librarians, as an attempt to comply with the legal obligation to place exclusive staff for libraries, faced with practical challenges of recruiting new teacher librarians in a limited amount of time. But survey through questionnaire method shows only 69 out of 122 survey participants, which account for 56.6%, have proper teacher librarian licences. According to the analysis of teacher librarianship status, only 146 people were trained in 2019. As a result, the field demand for librarian teachers surged, but it was found that the conditions for training excellent librarian teachers have not been provided. Therefore, it is necessary to actively prepare a way to secure a certain level of qualification holders with the qualifications of excellent teacher librarians.