• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.259-264
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• 2016

In this study, we applied six different norbornene dialkyl esters as a plasticizer to an isoprene rubber (IR) and evaluated replaceability of DEHP which is an endocrine disruptor. IR test sheets were prepared by blending IR, norbornene dialkyl ester, vulcanizing agent, etc. and processing properties of the IR were evaluated by measuring Toque, scorch time, cure time and mooney viscosity. Mechanical properties of IR test sheet including hardness, tensile strength, 100% modulus and elongation were also measured and the physical properties of norbornene dialkyl ester applied as a plasticizer were compared to those using DEHN. Both the maximum and minimum toque for the norbornene dialkyl ester as a plasticizer were similar to those of using DEHP. In addition, the scorch and cure time of the former were slightly longer than those of the latter. The mooney viscosity for the case of DEHN was slightly lower than that of the latter. DEHN was also superior to DEHP in terms of processing. The hardness and thermal properties of all IR test sheets were measured to be similar to each other. The linear alkyl chain of norbornene compounds also exhibited good tensile characteristics.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.223-233
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• 2021

In this study, epoxidized liquid isoprene rubber (E-LqIR) was used as a processing aid in a silica-filled natural rubber compound to improve the fuel efficiency, abrasion resistance, and oil migration problems of truck and bus radial tire tread. The wear resistance, fuel efficiency, and extraction resistance of the compound were evaluated according to the molecular weight of E-LqIR. Results of the evaluation showed that the E-LqIR compound had a lower chemical crosslink density than that of a treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE) oil compound because of the sulfur consumption of E-LqIR. However, the filler-rubber interaction improved because of the reaction of E-LqIR with silica and crosslink with the base rubber by sulfur. As the molecular weight of E-LqIR increased, crosslink with sulfur was facilitated, and the filler-rubber interaction improved, resulting in improved abrasion resistance. The fuel efficiency performance of the E-LqIR compound was poorer than that of the TDAE oil compound because of the low chemical crosslink density and hysteresis loss at the free chain end of E-LqIR. However, the fuel efficiency performance improved as the molecular weight of E-LqIR increased.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.80-85
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• 2018

Chloro isobutylene isoprene rubber (CIIR) and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) compounded with other formulation chemicals, depending on the polymer blend, were prepared by mechanical mixing. After manufacturing the rubber vulcanizate by compression molding with a hot press, the mechanical and thermal properties including thermal conductivity, rebound resilience of the CIIR/EPDM blends were measured. As the EPDM rubber content increased, hardness and tension set showed a tendency to increase. Pure CIIR exhibited the lowest tensile strength; however, tensile strength increased with loading of EPDM rubber. On the other hand, in CIIR rubber, which is usually a low-rebound elastomer owing to a high damping effect, rebound resilience exhibited an increasing trend as the content of EPDM rubber increased. As the EPDM rubber content increased, thermal stability was improved due to reduction of decomposition rate in the rubber region of the blend vulcanizate.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.168-174
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• 2018

Natural rubber (NR) and bromo-isobutylene-isoprene rubber (BIIR) were compounded with other formulation chemicals through polymer blending via a mechanical mixing method. After rubber vulcanization by hot-press compression molding, the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, and ozone resistance of the NR/BIIR blends were measured. As the BIIR content increased, the maximum torque of the blends decreased, while the optimum cure time and scorch time tended to increase. Furthermore, the hardness of the blends increased with increasing BIIR content, reaching the maximum value at 75 wt% BIIR, and decreased with a further increase in the BIIR loading. The tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with an increase in the BIIR content, reaching the minimum value at 75 wt% BIIR, and increased with a further increase in the BIIR content. In the ozone resistance test, cracks were not generated when the BIIR content was more than 75 wt%.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 열가소성고무를 중심으로 한 스티렌 공중합체의 유변학적 특성을 Couette 보정치를 사용하여 해석하였다. 실험재료로는 SBS(Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene), SEBS(Styrene-Ethylene/Buthylene-Styrene), SIS(Styrene-Isoprene-Styrene)을 사용하였고 탄성체의 성격을 비교하기 위하여SBS(Styrene-Butadiene Rubber)와 IR(Isoprene Rubber)를 사용하였다, 실험결과 Couette 보정치는 온도가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 또한 열가소성 고부 (SBS, SEBS, SIS)의 보정치는 거의 비슷한 값을 나타내었으며 고무(IR, SBR)의 보정치는 열가소성고무에서보다 다소 높은 값을 나타내었다. 충진제를 첨가하였을 경우 충진제의 양 이 증가할수록 Couette 보정치는 감소하였다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2011

In general, butyl rubber(IIR : isobutylene isoprene rubber) has excellent gas permeability resistance and impact absorbance property as low resilience elastomer. In this experiment butyl rubber blends with EPDM(ethylene propylene diene monomer) were prepared by mechanical mixing method. Curing behavior, physical properties and ozone resistance etc. were subsequently examined. Measurement results of gas transmission rate test shows that butyl rubber contents above 50 wt% showed significant decrease in gas permeability resistant property. However, in butyl rubber/EPDM blend, EPDM contents above 25 wt% indicates no surface change due to improvement of ozone resistance under the condition of 50 pphm, $50^{\circ}C$, 120 hrs.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.326-333
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• 2003

Even though many studies have been reported about rubber vulcanization, it is still remained difficult to find a quantitative relationship between the final states of vulcanized rubber and initial formulation or processing conditions. Dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method is known as a comparatively easy method to research for the rubber vulcanization in both experimental and analysis. In the present research, a study on the vulcanization reaction of NR/CB composites modified by isoprene(IR) and chloroprene(CR) rubbers is carried out using dynamic DSC method. Thermograms with several different heating rates were obtained and analyzed using the Kissinger method. Analysis showed that the vulcanization reaction was progressed through the first order reaction mechanism. In addition, the reaction temperature was severely influenced by the kinds or rubber modifiers, in this case, more influenced by CR than by IR. Those effects were clearly verified in the values of activation energy. Kinds of carbon blacks, however, could hardly influence on the reaction mechanism.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.199-204
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• 2020

Considering the immense applicability of isoprene rubbers, such as natural rubber (NR) and synthetic polyisoprene rubber (IR), attempts are being made to introduce more functionality within the rubber structure, e.g. epoxidation, to widen their technological viability. Epoxidation introduces polar epoxy bonds into the rubber molecular chain, resulting in enhanced intermolecular interactions among the rubber chains, increasing the oil resistance and air impermeability. Although there have been many reports on the epoxidation of NR in its latex form, there has been no such report using its solid form (or gum), which limits the epoxidation in terms of portability. Furthermore, the gum form has longer lifetime, while the latex form has limited lifetime for its efficient use. In this study, the epoxidation of natural rubber and polyisoprene rubber (using meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) as the epoxidizing agent) by dissolving their gum in hexane (i.e., the solution method) have been studied and compared. The effects of the amount of mCPBA, reaction time, and reaction temperature were investigated. The present process is easy and facilitates the epoxidation of rubbers in their solid form; therefore, it can be used for industrial upscaling of epoxidized rubber production.

• The tire
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• s.48
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• pp.3-6
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• 1973

• The tire
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• s.49
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• pp.4-8
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• 1973