• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 1990년도 추계학술대회논문집; 한양대학교, 서울; 24 Nov. 1990
• /
• pp.113-124
• /
• 1990

Tap lines are small branch piping generally less than two inches in diameter. They typically branch off of header piping having a much larger diameter. An example of a common tap line is a 3/4 inch size high point vent or low point drain. Most tap lines have at least one valve near the header tap connection to provide isolation. Two valves are often required for double isolation. A light water reactor(LWR) nuclear power plant will have several hundred tap lines. These lines come in many sizes and shapes and serve numerous functions. A single process piping valve may have three different tap lines associated with it (figure 1). Table 1 delineates the different categories of tap lines. Vibration failures of tap lines are a common occurrence in all industrial plants including nuclear and fossil power plants. These types of failures constitute a significant percentage of all piping related failures. An unscheduled plant shutdown or outage resulting from the failure of a tap line decreases plant reliability and may have a detrimental effect on plant safety. Most tap line vibration failures can be avoided through the use of appropriate routing and support techniques. Standardized designs can be developed for use in a myriad of applications. These designs will not only minimize failures but will also reduce the necessary analysis and installation efforts.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.355-366
• /
• 1997

Although cerebellar Purkinje cells display spontaneous electrical activity in vivo and in slice experiments, the mechanism of the spontaneous activity generation has not been clearly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate whether cerebellar Purkinje cells of postnatal rats generate spontaneous electrical activity without synaptic inputs. Dissociated cerebellar Purkinje cells were used for reducing synaptic inputs in the present study. Cerebellar Purkinje cells with dendrites were dissociated from postnatal rats using enzymatic treatment followed by mechanical trituration. Spontaneous electrical activities were recorded from dissociated cells without any stimulus using whole-cell patch clamp configuration. Two types, spontaneously firing or quiescent, of dissociated Purkinje cells were observed in postnatal rats. Both types of cells were identified as Purkinje cells using immunocytochemical staining technique with anti-calbindin after recording. Spontaneously active cells displayed two patterns of firing, repetitive and burst firings. Two thirds of dissociated Purkinje cells displayed repetitive firing and the rest of them did burst firing under same recording condition. Repetitive firing activities were maintained even after further isolation using either physical or pharmacological techniques. Neither high magnessium solution nor excitatory synaptic blockers, AP-5 and DNQX, block the spontaneous activity. These results demonstrate that spontaneous electrical activity of isolated cerebellar Purkinje cells in postnatal rats is generated by intrinsic membrane properties rather than synaptic inputs.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.152-159
• /
• 2014

A phytochemical investigation of Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. growing in Egypt, has been carried out, which resulted in the isolation of seven compounds from the different extracts of the plant namely; ${\beta}$-sitosterol glucoside, tricin (1) dihydroferulic acid (2), vanillic acid (3), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), uracil (5) and 8-hydroxy cuminoic acid (6) Structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was carried out using different spectroscopic techniques. This is the first report for the isolation of these compounds from genus Spergularia. Furthermore, 8-Hydroxy cuminoic acid and uracil were isolated for the first time from family Caryophyllaceae. The chemical composition of the volatile components present in the petroleum ether extract of Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. using combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is reported here for the first time. Of the 97 components present, 59 were identified including three sulfur containing compounds which represented about 1.8% of the volatiles of the total petroleum ether extract. This prompted us to study and report its possible antimicrobial activity. In addition, the antibacterial and antifungal screening of different extracts of Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. as well as some isolates have been performed using agar diffusion method.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제22권12호
• /
• pp.995-1001
• /
• 2016

The vehicle suspension system plays a very important part related with vehicle ride and handling. To improve the vehicle ride and handling many researches have been progressed from various damping parameter tuning techniques to the development of the electronic controlled suspension systems. In this paper, as one of the ride performance improvement a disturbance observer(DOB) based control system is applied to the quarter car vehicle model in order to show that the DOB can obtain good vibration isolation characteristics. First, the robust stability criterion for the DOB is introduced in detail, and then how DOB is applied to the 1/4 car vehicle model is represented, and finally to confirm the effectiveness of the DOB in vehicle ride performance improvement a computer simulation is carried out for various driving conditions.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제74권1호
• /
• pp.29-36
• /
• 1986

이태리포푸라 I-214 (Populus euramericana cv. I-214)의 기내배양(器內培養)한 엽육조직(葉肉組織)에서 원형질체(原形質體) 분리(分離)에 미치는 몇가지 요인(要因)에 대(對)해 조사(調査), 검토(檢討)하였다. 기내(器內)에서 배양(培養)된 아(芽)를 다량(多量)으로 증식(增植)하기 위한 배지(培地)는 MS 기본배지(基本培地)에 $0.1mg/{\ell}$의 BAP를 첨가(添加)한 것이 가상 좋은 성적을 나타냈다. 엽(葉) 1g 당(當) $2.4{\times}10^6$개의 가장 높은 원형질체(原形質體) 분리(分離) 빈도를 나타낸 것은 Cellulase R-10 2 %, Macerozyme R-10 0.8 %, Hemicellulase 1.2 %, Driselase 2.0 %, Pectolyase Y-23 0.05 %에 DTT와 MES 완충액을 첨가(添加)한 후 삼투압 안정제로 0.6 M의 Mannitol을 넣고 pH를 5.6으로 조정한 효소용액(酵素溶液)이었다. CPW 용액(溶液)으로 세정(洗淨)한 후 0.6 M의 Sucrose 용액(溶液)에 처리(處理)한 것이 회수율(回收率) 51.8 %로 가장 높게 나타났다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제56권1호
• /
• pp.25-32
• /
• 2018

Molecular techniques have been introduced for malaria diagnosis because they offer greater sensitivity and specificity than microscopic examinations. Therefore, DNA isolation methods have been developed for easy preparation and cost effectiveness. The present study described a simple protocol for Plasmodium DNA isolation from EDTA-whole blood. This study demonstrated that after heating infected blood samples with Tris-EDTA buffer and proteinase K solution, without isolation and purification steps, the supernatant can be used as a DNA template for amplification by PCR. The sensitivity of the extracted DNA of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax was separately analyzed by both PCR and semi-nested PCR (Sn-PCR). The results revealed that for PCR the limit of detection was $40parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. falciparum and $35.2parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. vivax, whereas for Sn-PCR the limit of detection was $1.6parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. falciparum and $1.4parasites/{\mu}l$ for P. vivax. This new method was then verified by DNA extraction of whole blood from 11 asymptomatic Myanmar migrant workers and analyzed by Sn-PCR. The results revealed that DNA can be extracted from all samples, and there were 2 positive samples for Plasmodium (P. falciparum and P. vivax). Therefore, the protocol can be an alternative method for DNA extraction in laboratories with limited resources and a lack of trained technicians for malaria diagnosis. In addition, this protocol can be applied for subclinical cases, and this will be helpful for epidemiology and control.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제22권10호
• /
• pp.859-868
• /
• 2016

This paper proposes a new global positioning system (GPS) receiver algorithm to improve the positioning accuracy of a transporter using fault detection and isolation techniques from satellite signals. To improve the positioning accuracy, several factors including a feasible number of satellite signals, SNR, NAV Measurement Quality Indicator (mesQI), and Doppler, among others, have been utilized in the proposed algorithm. To increase the number of feasible satellite signals, an erroneous satellite signal has been replaced by the previous one. In conventional approaches, received GPS signals are analyzed and directly determined to be contaminated or not. The only clean signals are utilized for identifying the current location. This fault detection and isolation (FDI) feasibility test is popular for commercial GPS receivers. In the urban environment, especially near a building, the feasible number of satellite signals becomes insufficient to position the transporter. To overcome this problem, satellite signals are efficiently selected and recovered. Additionally, using the proposed GPS receiver algorithm, a feasible number of satellite signals can be increased, thereby improving the positional accuracy. Real world experiments using a transporter that carries blocks in a shipyard have demonstrated the superiority of the proposed algorithm compared to conventional approaches.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2005

2자유도 관성센서는 두 입력축이 기계적으로 연관되어 있기 때문에 해당하는 관성센서의 두 입력축에 동시에 고장이 발생할 확률이 매우 높다. 따라서 하드웨어 여분만으로 고장검출 및 분리를 수행하기 위해서는 최소한 4개의 관성센서를 사용하여야 한다. 2자유도 관성센서를 3개 중첩해서 사용하는 경우 기존의 하드웨어 여분기법으로는 고장검출은 가능하나 고장분리가 불가능하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해서 비선형 필터인 Unscented Kalman Filter를 이용하여 얻은 정보를 해석적 여분으로 활용하여, 하드웨어 여분과 해석적 여분을 동시에 고려한 복합 고장검출기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 복합 고장검출기법의 성능을 검증하기 위해서 비선형 항공기 수치 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.499-512
• /
• 2022

This work proposes a novel contactless vibration damping and thermal isolation tripod platform based on Superconducting Magnetic Levitation (SML). This prototype is suitable for cryogenic environments, where classical passive, semi active and active vibration isolation techniques may present tribological problems due to the low temperatures and/or cannot guarantee an enough thermal isolation. The levitating platform consists of a Superconducting Magnetic Levitation (SML) with inherent passive static stabilization. In addition, the use of Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) technique is proposed to characterize the transmissibility function from the baseplate to the platform. The OMA is based on the Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI) by using the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm. This paper contributes to the use of SSI-EM for SML applications by proposing a step-by-step experimental methodology to process the measured data, which are obtained with different unknown excitations: ambient excitation and impulse excitation. Thus, the performance of SSI-EM for SML applications can be improved, providing a good estimation of the natural frequency and damping ratio without any controlled excitation, which is the main obstacle to use an experimental modal analysis in cryogenic environments. The dynamic response of the 510 g levitating platform has been characterized by means of OMA in a cryogenic, 77 K, and high vacuum, 1E-5 mbar, environment. The measured vertical and radial stiffness are 9872.4 N/m and 21329 N/m, respectively, whilst the measured vertical and radial damping values are 0.5278 Nm/s and 0.8938 Nm/s. The first natural frequency in vertical direction has been identified to be 27.39 Hz, whilst a value of 40.26 Hz was identified for the radial direction. The determined damping values for both modes are 0.46% and 0.53%, respectively.

• 정보과학회 논문지
• /
• 제43권11호
• /
• pp.1223-1232
• /
• 2016

가상 네트워크 기술은 다양한 서비스의 요구조건을 반영한 네트워크를 제공할 수 있다. 다양한 서비스의 요구조건을 반영하기 위해 효율적인 리소스 분배 기술이 필요하다. 기존의 트래픽 대역폭 분배 기법들은 다운링크 트래픽만 제어하거나 네트워크의 트래픽 상황을 고려하지 않는다. 무선 네트워크에서 다운링크와 업링크는 같은 자원을 공유한다. 또한, 기존의 트래픽 대역폭 분배 기법들은 모든 스테이션이 포화된 트래픽을 발생시킨다고 가정한다. 그래서 기존의 트래픽 대역폭 분배 기법들은 가상 무선 네트워크에서 트래픽 제어를 할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 트래픽 기반 대역폭 제어 기법을 제안한다. 가상 네트워크에 SDN을 적용하고 각 스테이션의 트래픽을 모니터링하고 비포화 트래픽을 발생시키는 스테이션을 탐색한다. 또한, 모니터링 정보를 기반으로 업링크와 다운링크 트래픽을 동적으로 제어한다. 실제 테스트베드 구성 후, 기존의 기법과 비교 결과, 트래픽 대역폭 분배 성능이 최대 14% 개선되었다.