• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.409-411
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• 2015

Galaxy clusters, the largest gravitationally bound systems, are an important subject of study to place constraints on cosmological models. Moreover, they are excellent places to test galaxy evolution models in connection to their environments. To date, massive clusters have been found unexpectedly (Kang & Im 2009; Gonzales et al. 2012) and the evolution of galaxies in clusters is still controversial (Elbaz et al. 2007; Faloon et al. 2013). Finding galaxy cluster candidates at z > 1 in a wide, deep imaging survey data will enable us to solve such issues of modern extragalactic astronomy. We report new candidate galaxy clusters in one of the wide and deep survey fields, the European Large Area ISO Survey North1 (ELAIS-N1) and North2 (ELAIS-N2) fields, covering a sky area of $8.75deg^2$ and $4.85deg^2$ each. We also suggest a new useful color selection technique to separate z > 1 galaxies from low - z galaxies by combining multi-wavelength data.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.352-358
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• 1986

An extensive experimental survey on the retention behaviors of phenols in the binary solvent system such as methanol-water, acetonitrile-water and tetrahydrofuran-water as well as the ternary solvent system such as methanol-acetonitrile-water and methanol-tetrahydrofuran-water is presented. A linear equation, which describes the capacity factor as a function of the solvent composition in the mobile phase and is able to predict the retention behaviors of phenols, was obtained. The iso-eluotropic lines for the binary and ternary solvent system are based on the equal strength of the methanol-water solvent which shows an optimum separation of the phenols used. The specific effect of each solute in the binary solvent system appeared to be larger than those in the ternary system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.332-338
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• 2004

The two projects about the high speed train have been performed in Korea, one project is the commercial run of high speed train(KTX) from Seoul to Busan and the other is the development of original high speed train(HSR 350x). As the successful results, the service run of KTX had been launched on the 1st of April, 2004 and HSR 350x had been fabricated in June, 2002 and has been tested in the Kyoungbu line and Honam line since then. The railway has the track irregularities which cause vibrations, such as rail joints, turnout, level crossing, transition curves and super-elevation ramps, and variations in the track level(z-axis) and the gauge(y-axis). Generally, the ride comfort for railway is evaluated by using the vibrations. In this paper, the ride comfort indices according to mc 513R and ISO 10056 have been reviewed when the high-speed trains are operated on both Kyoungbu line and Honam line. Also, the ride characteristics for KTX and HSR 350x on the high speed line and the conventional line have been analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the high-speed train has no problem from the viewpoint of the comfort ride on the high speed line and the conventional line and the ride index for HSR 350x is same as that for KTX in the high speed(300 km/h).

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2003

This study is concerned with the operational methods of Quality Management employed by the small and medium-sized companies in Gang won-do to improve their power of competition. This study is particular, studied the consortium-participating companies on their Plans of Quality Management as to how they carry them out in order to advance to the first-class business enterprises. The results of this study showed that the of shortage manpower and funds that the local small and mediumsized companies commonly face played a significant role as major obstacles in implementing their Quality Management programs. The study results also suggest that it is necessary to promote some periodic manpower train- ing programs in cooperation with local universities, to utilize professors and experts to build management strategies that can bring and secure the power of competition, and to construct a system of educational-industrial cooperation, as ways leading these companies to the 21s1 century's type of business enterprise.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.26.1-26.12
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of conversion (DC) and mechanical properties of a microhybrid Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE) resin composite after aging. Method: The specimens were fabricated using circular molds to investigate Vickers microhardness (Vickers hardness number [VHN]) and DC, and were prepared according to ISO 4049 for flexural strength testing. The initial DC (%) of discs was recorded using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transforming infrared spectroscopy. The initial VHN of the specimens was measured using a microhardness tester under a load of 300 g for 15 seconds and the flexural strength test was carried out with a universal testing machine (crosshead speed, 0.5 mm/min). The specimens were then subjected to thermocycling in $5^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ water baths. Properties were assessed after 1,000-10,000 cycles of thermocycling. The surfaces were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey honest significant difference post hoc test. Results: Statistical analysis showed that DC tended to increase up to 4,000 cycles, with no significant changes. VHN and flexural strength values significantly decreased upon thermal cycling when compared to baseline (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between initial and post-thermocycling VHN results at 1,000 cycles. SEM images after aging showed deteriorative changes in the resin composite surfaces. Conclusions: The Z250 microhybrid resin composite showed reduced surface microhardness and flexural strength and increased DC after thermocycling.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2008

The color reproduction of digital still camera does not, in general, match those of the final prints. Because color gamut of these devices is different, it is therefore necessary to take account of a way to match. The way uses the optimized profile to print an image. This paper proposed a way to create the input profile of digital still camera for standardization printing process. The results of proposed way showed that for input profiles equivalent, good results relatively. In this paper, an experiment was done where the illumination sources used as the standard illumination 5200K and illuminated at a $45^{\circ}$ angle in the best illumination efficiently. The white balance was in mode 'custom': aperture F11, exposure time 1/60s, ISO50, focal length 80mm. The images were exported and saved as 16bit RGB tiff(AdobeRGB, sRGB, ProphotoRGB) images. To do the test, the RGB values of the RGB tiff images are processed through the ICC input profile to arrive at processed $CIEL^*a^*b^*$ values. A profiling tool such as ProfileMaker 5.0 and Monacoprofile 4.8 are used to do this. The processed CIEL*a*b* values are compared to the reference CIEL*a*b* values and these two values are used to calculate a ${\Delta}E$.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2018

In the present study, we employed Hershberger assay to determine possible androgenic or antiandrogenic activities of three di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) substitute candidates. The assay was carried out using immature castrated Sprague-Dawley male rats. After 7 days of the surgery, testosterone propionate (TP, 0.4 mg/kg/day) and test materials (low dose, 40 mg/kg/day; high dose, 400 mg/kg/day) were administered for 10 consecutive days by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection and oral gavage, respectively. Test materials were DEHP, 2-ethylhexyl oleate (IOO), 2-ethylhexyl stearate (IOS) and triethyl 2-acetylcitrate (ATEC). The rats were necropsied, and then the weights of five androgen-dependent tissues [ventral prostate, seminal vesicle, coagulating glands, levator ani-bulbocavernosus (LABC) muscle, paired Cowper's glands, and glans penis] and four androgen-insensitive tissues (kidney, adrenal glands, spleen and liver) were measured. All test materials including DEHP did not exhibit any androgenic activity in the assay. On the contrary, antiandrogen-like activities were found in all test groups, and the order of the intensity was ATEC < DEHP < ISO < IOO in the five androgen-sensitive tissues. There was no statistical difference between low dose treatment and high dose treatment of all replacement candidate groups. In DEHP groups, high dose treatment exhibited significant weight gains in LABC and Glan Penis. There was no statistical difference in androgen-insensitive tissue measurements. Since the effects of ATEC treatment on the accessory sex organs were much less or not present at all when compared to those of DEHP, ATEC could be a strong candidate to replace DEHP. IOO treatment brought most severe weight reduction in all of androgen-sensitive tissues, so this material should be excluded for further screening of DEHP substitute selection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1621-1628
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• 2012

The agar-degrading bacterium GNUM-1 was isolated from the brown algal species Sargassum serratifolium, which was obtained from the West Sea of Korea, by using the selective artificial seawater agar plate. The cells were Gram-negative, $0.5-0.6{\mu}m$ wide and $2.0-2.5{\mu}m$ long curved rods with a single polar flagellum, forming nonpigmented, circular, smooth colonies. Cells grew at $20^{\circ}C-37^{\circ}C$, between pH 5.0 and 9.0, and at 1-10% (w/v) NaCl. The DNA G+C content of the GNUM-1 strain was 45.5 mol%. The 16S rRNA sequence of the GNUM-1 was very similar to those of Alteromonas stellipolaris LMG 21861 (99.86% sequence homology) and Alteromonas addita $R10SW13^T$(99.64% sequence homology), which led us to assign it to the genus Alteromonas. It showed positive activities for agarase, amylase, gelatinase, alkaline phosphatase, esterase (C8), lipase (C14), leucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, ${\alpha}$-galactosidase, ${\beta}$-galactosidase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, catalase, and urease. It can utilize citrate, malic acid, and trisodium citrate. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (21.5%, comprising $C_{16:1}{\omega}7c/iso-C_{15:0}$ 2-OH) and C16:0 (15.04%). On the basis of the variations in many biochemical characteristics, GNUM-1 was considered as unique and thus was named Alteromonas sp. GNUM-1. It produced the highest agarase activity in modified ASW medium containing 0.4% sucrose, but lower activity in rich media despite superior growth, implying that agarase production is tightly regulated and repressed in a rich nutrient condition. The 30 kDa protein with agarase activity was identified by zymography, and this report serves as the very first account of such a protein in the genus Alteromonas.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1203-1206
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• 2008

A Gram-positive strain designated as MSL-$14^T$ isolated from a soil sample collected from Bigeum Island, Korea, was subjected to polyphasic taxonomy. The isolate was strictly aerobic. Cells were short rods and motile. Optimum growth temperature and pH was 28$^{\circ}C$ and 7.0, respectively. It was characterized chemotaxonomically as having a cell-wall peptidoglycan type based on LL-2,6-diaminopimelic acid and MK-$8(H_4)$ as the predominant menaquinone. The major fatty acids were iso-$C_{16:0}$, $C_{17:1}$ omega8c, and $C_{18:1}$ omega9c. The G+C content was 67.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain MSL-$14^T$ is affiliated to the genus Nocardioides and formed a distinct lineage within the genus. MSL-$14^T$ showed highest sequence similarity to Nocardioides aestuarii JCM $12125^T$, having a similarity of 96.5%. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence and phenotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strain MSL-$14^T$ should be classified as representing a novel member of the genus Nocardioides, for which we propose the name Nocardioides tritolerans sp. novo The type strain is strain MSL-$14^T$ (=KCTC $19289^T$=DSM $19320^T$).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.329-330
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• 2017

재난은 인류의 발전과 더불어 다양하게 발생되어왔다. 최근 21세기 들어 발생하는 재난은 그 현상이 더욱 다양하고 복잡하며 그 피해의 정도가 대규모로 진행되는 경우가 많아 졌다. 태풍, 집중호우, 강풍, 폭설, 지진, 황사 등의 자연재난은 지구온난화현상으로 국내뿐만 아니라 전 세계적으로 커다란 영향력을 미치고 있으며, 화재, 구축물의 붕괴, 지하철사고, 테러 및 감염병 등의 사회 재난도 더욱더 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 나아가 사스, 메르스, 지카 바이러스 및 대형 테러 등 전 세계적 차원의 사회 재난의 발생 또한 급증하고 있다. 이와 같이 현대사회에서 발생하는 재난는 개인이나 국가의 정책만으로 예방하고 관리할 수 없는 특성이 있다. 따라서, 자본주의 경제의 한축을 이루고 있는 기업의 재난을 관리하여 연속성을 확보하고 더나아가 리질리언스(Resilence)를 보장하기 위한 일환으로 2007년 7월 재해경감을 위한 기업의 자율 활동 지원에 관한 법률(이하, 기업재해경감법 이라함.)이 공포된 지 약 10여년이 경과하였다. 이는 법 제도화를 통하여 기업의 재해경감활동을 지원하기 취지에서 출발한 것 이다. 그 후 현재 까지 어느 정도의 발전이 있었지만 경과 년 수에 비해 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 이후 그 기업들이 좀 더 원활하게 재해경감활동을 위한 계획을 수립, 실행, 검토 및 유지하기 위한 지침으로서 기업재난관리표준을 2010년 4월 2일 제정하였고 이후 재해경감활동 수립계획을 제정하여 시행하기에 이르렀다. 또한, 기업재난관리표준은 제정된 이후 2013년 12월 9일 전면 개정작업을 통해 경영관리 프로세스 모델(Plan-Do-Check-Act)이 적용된 관리체계를 접목시키고 용어정의를 국제표준과 일치시켜 기업재해경감활동 상의 혼선을 방지하기 위한 노력을 하였다. 현 정부에서는 주무부처가 바뀌고 조직이 변화되어 행정안전부고시 제2017-1호(2017.07.26.일)로 개정되어 현재에 이르고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기업재난관리표준과 연관된 제반 법령 및 규정 등에 대한 법적성격 과 지위를 규명하고, 기업재난관리표준의 관련분야 적용 시 문제점 및 바람직한 제도개선 방향을 제시하고자 한다.