• Title/Summary/Keyword: intracranial

Search Result 1,142, Processing Time 0.029 seconds

A Case of Recurrent Intracranial Hypotension after Successful Epidural Blood Patch (경막외강 혈액첩포 시술로 두통이 호전된 후 반복적으로 발생한 두개내 저압증 1예)

  • Lee, Kee-Ra;Choi, Sung-Min;Lee, Seung-Han;Park, Man-Seok;Kim, Byeong-Chae;Kim, Myeong-Kyu;Cho, Ki-Hyun
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
    • /
    • v.8 no.2
    • /
    • pp.190-192
    • /
    • 2006
  • Intracranial hypotension is a benign disorder characterized by orthostatic headache. It is caused by CSF leakage, therefore its treatment of choice has been epidural blood patch when initial conservative treatments were not effective. We would like to report a 26-year-old patient with recurrent orthostatic intracranial hypotension in spite of the successful epidural blood patch several times. Her headache was caused by myelography 8 month ago. Cisternography showed a CSF leakage at the level of L1 vertebral body. Headache was resolved completely after epidural blood patch and then recurred 3 times several months after blood patch. Now, she is free from headache for 5 months after last blood patch.

  • PDF

Neuro-Behcet's Disease Presented with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis -A Case Report- (뇌정맥동혈전증으로 발현된 신경계베체트병 1예)

  • Lee, Yun-Kyung;Park, Mee-Young;Lee, Seung-Hyun;Joo, Sung-Gyun;Cho, Yong-Kook
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
    • /
    • v.21 no.1
    • /
    • pp.96-100
    • /
    • 2004
  • Behcet's disease is a chronic, relapsing multisystem disorder, that may develop into variable neurological manifestations. They include vascular and parenchymal involvement. Vascular involvement is dominated by cerebral venous sinus thrombosis marked by benign intracranial hypertension. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis can present with all the classical criteria for idiopathic intracranial hypertension, including normal brain CT findings with normal CSF content. But brain MRI is a useful diagnostic method in this situation to confirm the presence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. We experienced a case of raised intracranial pressure in a 21-year-old man, caused by cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. We disclosed his symptoms and signs thus fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for Behcet's disease.

  • PDF

A Case of Intracranial Hypoglossal Neurinoma with Extracranial Extension (두개내에서 발생하여 두개외로 연장된 설하신경초종 1례)

  • Song Dal-Won;Kim Hee-Jun;Lee Bok-Su;Yim Man-Bin
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
    • /
    • v.15 no.1
    • /
    • pp.85-88
    • /
    • 1999
  • Neurinoma originates from any nerve covered with a Schwann cell sheath and can occur in any cranial, sympathetic, or peripheral nerve. Hypoglossal neurinomas are rare and most of them are intracranial, but they may extend extracranially. Most intracranial neurinoma arise from the sensory division of cranial nerve but a motor nerve such as hypoglossal nerve is rarely involved. Although the typical sign of hypoglossal neurinoma is ipsilateral hemiatrophy of the tongue, it is easily overlooked. For the diagnosis of hypoglossal nerve tumor, CT scanning with contrast enhancement and MRI should be included, and they are greatly aids in planning the radical removal of the tumor. We experienced a case of intracranial hypoglossal neurinoma with extracranial extension in a 43-year-old woman. The patient showed otherwise unremarkable except 4 months history of right infraauricular mass and right tongue hemiatrophy. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for local diagnosis was valuable and we could remove the mass by one stage operation via suboccipital transcervical approach.

  • PDF

Neonatal Intracranial Ischemia and Hemorrhage : Role of Cranial Sonography and CT Scanning

  • Khan, Imran Ahmad;Wahab, Shagufta;Khan, Rizwan Ahmad;Ullah, Kkram;Ali, Manazir
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
    • /
    • v.47 no.2
    • /
    • pp.89-94
    • /
    • 2010
  • Objective : To evaluate the role of cranial sonography and computed tomography in the diagnosis of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and hypoxic-ischemic injury in an Indian set-up. Methods : The study included 100 neonates who underwent cranial sonography and computed tomography (CT) in the first month of life for suspected intracranial ischemia and hemorrhage. Two observers rated the images for possible intracranial lesions and a kappa statistic for interobserver agreement was calculated. Results : There was no significant difference in the kappa values of CT and ultrasonography (USG) for the diagnosis of germinal matrix hemorrhage/intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH/IVH) and periventricular leucomalacia (PVL) and both showed good interobserver agreement. USG, however detected more cases of GMH/IVH (24 cases) and PVL (19) cases than CT (22 cases and 16 cases of IVH and PVL, respectively). CT had significantly better interobserver agreement for the diagnosis of hypoxic ischemic injury (HII) in term infants and also detected more cases (33) as compared to USG (18). CT also detected 6 cases of extraaxial hemorrhages as compared to 1 detected by USG. Conclusion : USG is better modality for imaging preterm neonates with suspected IVH or PVL. However, USG is unreliable in the imaging of term newborns with suspected HII where CT or magnetic resonance image scan is a better modality.

Right-to-Left Displacement of an Airgun Lead Bullet after Transorbital Entry into the Skull Complicated by Posttraumatic Epilepsy : A Case Report

  • Chao-bin Wang;Hui Wang;Jun-shuang Zhao;Ze-jun Wu;Hao-dong Liu;Chao-jia Wang;An-rong Li;Dawei Wang;Juntao Hu
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
    • /
    • v.66 no.5
    • /
    • pp.598-604
    • /
    • 2023
  • Penetrating head injury is a serious open cranial injury. In civilians, it is often caused by non-missile, low velocity flying objects that penetrate the skull through a weak cranial structure, forming intracranial foreign bodies. The intracranial foreign body can be displaced due to its special quality, shape, and location. In this paper, we report a rare case of right-to-left displacement of an airgun lead bullet after transorbital entry into the skull complicated by posttraumatic epilepsy, as a reminder to colleagues that intracranial metal foreign bodies maybe displaced intraoperatively. In addition, we have found that the presence of intracranial metallic foreign bodies may be a factor for the posttraumatic epilepsy, and their timely removal appears to be beneficial for epilepsy control.

A Case Report of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor-Induced Central Diabetes Insipidus in a Child Treated with Korean Herbal Medicine (두개내 생식세포종양 유발 중추성 요붕증 환아의 한약 치험 1례)

  • Su Bin Park;Eun Hye Kim;Hayun Jin;Seong Woo Yoon
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
    • /
    • v.44 no.5
    • /
    • pp.979-986
    • /
    • 2023
  • Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the case of intracranial germ cell tumor-induced central diabetes insipidus (CDI) in a child treated with Korean herbal medicine. Methods: A nine-year-old female patient diagnosed with intracranial germ cell tumor-induced CDI suffering from polyuria, polydipsia, and headache was hospitalized. Nocturia frequency and 24-hour urine volume were assessed. Results: The patient was treated with Korean medicine, including Nokyong-hwan. As a result of the 6-day inpatient treatment, nocturia frequency was decreased 3-4 times to 0-1 time, and 24-hour urine volume was decreased. Conclusion: Korean medicine, including Nokyong-hwan, may be considered an optional treatment for releasing the symptoms of intracranial germ cell tumor-induced CDI. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.

Weight Reduction Management of Patients with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Case Series Report (특발성 두개내 고혈압 환자에서 체중 감량을 동반한 치료 증례 시리즈)

  • Jung Ah Lee;Yongho Lee;Hye Soon Park
    • Archives of Obesity and Metabolism
    • /
    • v.3 no.1
    • /
    • pp.43-48
    • /
    • 2024
  • Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by increased intracranial pressure without detectable causes. Its main symptoms include headache, vision problems, and pulsatile tinnitus. Obesity is a major risk factor for IIH; therefore, weight reduction is required to ameliorate these symptoms in patients with obesity and IIH. We present four cases of obesity-related IIH whose symptoms improved through weight reduction. In three patients, the dose of IIH medications, such as acetazolamide, decreased. Based on these cases, we report that weight reduction contributes to the improvement of symptoms in patients with IIH as the main part of treatment. Further clinical research is necessary to evaluate the effects of weight reduction on IIH treatment in Korean patients.

Spinal Presentation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension (자발두개내압저하의 척추 자기공명영상 소견)

  • Hye Jin Yoo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    • /
    • v.85 no.1
    • /
    • pp.24-35
    • /
    • 2024
  • Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), which generally presents as orthostatic headache, is increasingly being identified due to improved imaging technologies and heightened awareness. Many prior studies have reported the characteristic brain MRI findings of SIH. However, recently, focus has shifted to spinal MRI, as SIH is believed to be caused by leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal dural sac. Advanced techniques such as ultrafast CT myelography and digital subtraction myelography have emerged as useful technique to identify the site of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. In this review, we discuss the diagnosis, spinal MRI findings, imaging techniques, and treatment of SIH.

The Similarities and Differences between Intracranial and Spinal Ependymomas : A Review from a Genetic Research Perspective

  • Lee, Chang-Hyun;Chung, Chun Kee;Ohn, Jung Hun;Kim, Chi Heon
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
    • /
    • v.59 no.2
    • /
    • pp.83-90
    • /
    • 2016
  • Ependymomas occur in both the brain and spine. The prognosis of these tumors sometimes differs for different locations. The genetic landscape of ependymoma is very heterogeneous despite the similarity of histopathologic findings. In this review, we describe the genetic differences between spinal ependymomas and their intracranial counterparts to better understand their prognosis. From the literature review, many studies have reported that spinal cord ependymoma might be associated with NF2 mutation, NEFL overexpression, Merlin loss, and 9q gain. In myxopapillary ependymoma, NEFL and HOXB13 overexpression were reported to be associated. Prior studies have identified HIC-1 methylation, 4.1B deletion, and 4.1R loss as common features in intracranial ependymoma. Supratentorial ependymoma is usually characterized by NOTCH-1 mutation and p75 expression. TNC mutation, no hypermethylation of RASSF1A, and GFAP/NeuN expression may be diagnostic clues of posterior fossa ependymoma. Although MEN1, TP53, and PTEN mutations are rarely reported in ependymoma, they may be related to a poor prognosis, such as recurrence or metastasis. Spinal ependymoma has been found to be quite different from intracranial ependymoma in genetic studies, and the favorable prognosis in spinal ependymoma may be the result of the genetic differences. A more detailed understanding of these various genetic aberrations may enable the identification of more specific prognostic markers as well as the development of customized targeted therapies.

Diagnosis of Intracranial Arachnoid Cyst using CT and MRI; A Study of Four Cases (컴퓨터단층촬영술과 자기공명영상을 이용한 두개강내 지주막낭종의 진단 4례)

  • Lee, Ki-Ja;Lee, Jae-Yeon;Jeong, Ki-Hyun;Jee, Hyun-Chul;Park, Seong-Jun;Choi, Ho-Jung;Jeong, Seong-Mok;Lee, Young-Won
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
    • /
    • v.23 no.3
    • /
    • pp.366-370
    • /
    • 2006
  • Arachnoid cysts are intra-arachnoid collections of cerebrospinal fluid. They may cause neurological deficit through expansion that can compress normal neural tissue and obstruct cerebrospinal fluid flow. Intracranial arachnoid cysts were found in 4 patients aged 10 months to 20 months(mean age 15 months). The presenting symptoms included circling(dog 2,3), seizure(dog 1), progressive weakness(dog 1,2,3), increasing scoliosis(dog 3), worsening spasticity(dog 3), and salivation(dog 3). One patient showed no symptoms from the intracranial arachnoid cyst. There were no significant findings in complete blood count and serum chemistry. Computed tomography(CT) with/without magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) scans were performed in these cases. Hypodense intracranial arachnoid cyst was observed on CT images in dog 4. Sagittal T1-weighted(T1W) and T2-weighted(T2W) images and transverse T1W and T2W images revealed a intracranial arachnoid cysts with syringohydromyelia(dog 3) and hydrocephalus(dog 3,4) in the brain. Clinical signs of three cases were improved by medication.