• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.226.3-227
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• 2003

Lactic acid bacteria have been considered as the most beneficial probiotic organisms contributing to inhibition of harmful and putrefactive intestinal bacteria. Among them, Bifidobacterium spp. has been considered as one of the most beneficial probiotic organism that can improve the health of humans, since it is one of the major bacteria flora in human intestine. However, the harmful enzyme-inhibitory activity of lactic acid bacteria of Kimchi, which is a representative Korean fermented food has not been evaluated. (omitted)

• 한국자연치유학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

목적: 본 연구는 임상대상자 30명에게 미생물발효용액인 Zen발효용액을 8주간 섭취시킨 후에 임상대상자들의 변에서 중요한 장내 유익세균 및 저해세균의 증식이 촉진되는지 또는 감소하는지를 연구하는 것이 목적이었다. 방법: 장내세균은 특정 Primer를 이용하여 PCR 증폭기로 동정 검색하였다. 결과: Zen발효액을 섭취한 임상군의 Bifidobacterium genus 유전자복제지수(gi%)는 섭취 전 수치는 55.15%, 섭취 후에는 70.1%로 나타났으며, 섭취 후에 14.95% 차이로 유의성이 있게 증가하였다. 아래 모든 대조군은 유의성이 없었다. 임상군의 Lactobacillus genus지수는 섭취 전이 46.87%, 섭취 후가 60.91%로 나타났으며, 섭취 후에 14.04% 차이로 유의성은 있게 증가하였다(p<.01). 임상군의 Clostridium genus지수는 사전이 85.64%, 사후가 65.99%로 나타났으며, 섭취 후에 -19.65% 차이로 유의성이 있게 감소를 하였다(p<.017). 임상군의 Bacteroides genus지수는 사전이 17.11%, 사후가 20.22%로 나타났으며, 섭취 후에 3.11% 차이로 유의성이 있게 증가하였다. 임상군의 Prevotella genus지수는 사전이 14.01%, 사후가 16.79%로 나타났으며, 섭취 후에 2.78%차이로 증가하였으나 유의성은 없었다. 결론: 장내세균은 혼합미생물의 발효액 Zen을 섭취 후에 장내에서 유익균은 증식이 증가하고, 유해균은 억제되는 현상을 발견하였다. Zen발효액은 장 건강에 유익한 음료라 평가한다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.1109-1120
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• 2022

Antibiotics used to be supplemented to animal feeds as growth promoter and as an effective strategy to reduce the burden of pathogenic bacteria present in the gastro-intestinal tract. However, in-feed antibiotics also kill bacteria that may be beneficial to the animal. Secondly, unrestricted use of antibiotics enhanced the antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. To overcome above problems, scientists are taking a great deal of measures to develop alternatives of antibiotics. There is convincing evidence that probiotics could replace in-feed antibiotics in poultry production. Because they have beneficial effects on growth performance, meat quality, bone health and eggshell quality in poultry. Better immune responses, healthier intestinal microflora and morphology which help the birds to resist against disease attack were also identified with the supplementation of probiotics. Probiotics establish cross-feeding between different bacterial strains of gut ecosystem and reduce the blood cholesterol level via bile salt hydrolase activity. The action mode of probiotics was also updated according to recently published literatures, i.e antimicrobial substances generation or toxin reduction. This comprehensive review of probiotics is aimed to highlight the beneficial effects of probiotics as a potential alternative strategy to replace the antibiotics in poultry.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.421-429
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• 2019

본 연구는 한국산 초임계 열처리된 무 복합 추출물을 이용하여 장내세균의 생육, 특히 식중독 및 위염, 장염 등 감염성 유해균과 정장효과를 나타내는 유익한 세균군의 생육에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 흰쥐를 3개 시험구 즉 정상대조군, Loperamide 투여군, 초임계 열처리된 무 복합추출물(HRE) 투여군 등으로 나누어 동물실험을 수행하면서 장내 유익한 세균의 생육에는 아무런 영향을 주지 않으면서 유해균의 생육을 저해함으로써 장기능 개선 및 세균성 장질환에 효과적이고 안전한 건강기능식품 조성물로도 유용하게 사용할 수 있다는 결과를 얻었다. 특히 무는 오랫동안 복용 시에도 전혀 부작용을 나타내지 않는 안전한 식품으로 장기간 꾸준히 복용하는 것에 의해 장내 세균총 및 세균성 장질환에 효과를 얻을 수 있다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.1184-1198
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• 2022

In this study, Rubus coreanus (R. coreanus) byproducts with high polyphenol content were fermented with R. coreanus-derived lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum GBL 16 and 17). Then the effect of R. coreanus-derived lactic acid bacteria fermented feed (RC-LAB fermented feed) with probiotics (Bacillus subtills, Aspergillus oryzae, Yeast) as a feed additive for pigs on the composition of intestinal microbes and the regulation of intestinal immune homeostasis was investigated. Seventy-two finishing Berkshire pigs were randomly allotted to four different treatment groups and 18 replicates. RC-LAB fermented feed with probiotics increased the genera Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Mitsuokella, Prevotella, Bacteroides spp., Roseburia spp., and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which are beneficial bacteria of the digestive tract of pigs. Also, RC-LAB fermented feed with probiotics decreased the genera Clostridium, Terrisporobacter, Romboutsia, Kandleria, Megasphaera and Escherichia, which are harmful bacteria. In particular, the relative abundance of the genera Lactobacillus and Streptococcus increased by an average of 8.51% and 4.68% in the treatment groups and the classes Clostridia and genera Escherichia decreased by an average of 27.05% and 2.85% in the treatment groups. In mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and spleens, the mRNA expression of transcription factors and cytokines in Th1 and Treg cells increased and the mRNA expression of Th2 and Th17 transcription factors and cytokines decreased, indicating a regulatory effect on intestinal immune homeostasis. RC-LAB fermented feed regulates gut immune homeostasis by influencing the composition of beneficial and detrimental microorganisms in the gut and regulating the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.453-458
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• 1994

Intestinal microbial flora comprise one third of the large intestinal contents in human. They play a significant effects through beneficial and harmful action on the human health. This is the first study which examined the composition of the microflora of the general population in Korea. Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Clostridium perfringens, total aerobic bacteria and total anaerrobic bacteria were counted using various selective and non-selective media. Among the bacteria studied the number of Bifidobacterium were greatest in breast-fed infants(30-90 days old), whereas Streptocuccus and Bifidobacterium in bottle-fed infants. In 20-40 age group Bacteroides were predominant followed by Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium. In early group(over 65 years old) Bacteroides were predominant followed by Eubacterium and bifidobacterium. The frequency and number of Cl. perfringens were highest in dlderly group. These results confirm that the microfloral pattern in large intestine change during the life cycle of humans.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.107-107
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• 2019

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by chronic inflammatory response and dysregulation of immune function. The severity of US has been influenced by environmental factors and food habit. The immune modulatory, anti-inflammatory and steroidal medicine have been used for the treatment of UC. However, long-term administration of those medicine is accompanied with side-effect. So, it is necessary to develop the non side-effect medicine using natural product. Prebiotics influences intestinal condition and food consumption. The heredity, immunity and environmental condition are related with occurrence of UC. In recent study, UC patients had lower level of prebiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium compared with healthy people. Also, previous study announced that imbalance of enteric flora aggravates the severity of UC. The effectiveness of probiotics might affect colon ability and viable bacteria also could promote the proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria. Prebiotics, such as herbal medicine, could lead to balance of intestinal bacteria or increase beneficial bacteria. So, proper choice of herbal medicine could control the intestinal condition. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mixture of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in vivo. The synbiotics consist of Lactobacillus buchneri, Polymnia sonchifolia and Glycine max Merr. in this study. To evaluate the effect of synbiotics, 3% DSS was administered in BALB/c mice and synbiotics was daily administered for experimental days. The administration of synbiotics regulated colon length shortening, body weight change and disease activity index effectively. Also, extract of synbiotics upregulated survival ability of Lactobacillus buchneri in gut condition. These results suggest that mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, called as synbiotics, could influence intestinal condition also regulate the colon disease. Synbiotics might be a therapeutic agent for treatment of UC.

• 한국자연치유학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2018

목적: 본 연구는 임상대상자 16명에게 Bacillus 발효용액(ENM)을 8주간 섭취시키기 전 후에 임상대상자들의 변에서 주요 목표 장내 유익세균의 증식이 촉진 되는지 및 유해균은 감소하는지를 연구하는 것이 목적이었다. 방법: 장내세균은 16S rRNA 특정 Primer를 이용하여 PCR 증폭기로 동정 검색하였다. 결과: Bifidobacterium속 gene index (%)(=gi%)는 ENM섭취 후에는 대조군이 58.92%, 임상군은 69.53%로 증가하였으나 유의성은 없었다. Lactobacillus 속 지수는 사후에는 대조군이 49.37%, 임상군은 66.43%로 유의성이 있게 증가하였다 (p<.029). Clostridium 속 지수는 사후에는 대조군이 83.16%, 임상군은 67.76%로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<.077). Bacteroides 속 지수는 사후에는 대조군이 12.58%, 임상군은 20.87%로 유의성이 있게 증가하였다(p<.095). Prevotella 속 지수는 사후에는 대조군이 7.55%, 임상군은 17.28%로 유의성이 있게 증가하였다(p<.005). 중간균체는 사후검사의 경우에는 대조군이 20.06%, 임상군은35.88%로 유의성이 있게 증가하였다(p<.001). 결론: Bacillus 발효액(ENM)을 섭취후에는 유익균 수는주로 증가하였고, 유해균인 Clostridium균수는감소하는경향을보였다. 이는 발효음료 ENM의 섭취가 유익한 장내세균의 증식에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2017

The use of practical management factors to maximize pig health improvement cannot guarantee freedom from diseases. Moreover, because of health safety concerns, the use of antibiotics has been restricted in livestock, including pigs. Therefore, the swine industry has been looking for various alternatives to antibiotics to improve pig's health and performance. Clay is a dietary factor generally accepted for improving pig health. It is a naturally occurring material and is primarily composed of fine-grained minerals. It has a specific structure with polar attraction. Because of this structure, clay has the ability to lose or gain water reversibly. In addition, clay has beneficial physiological activities. First, clay has anti-diarrheic and antibacterial effects by penetrating the cell wall of bacteria or inhibiting their metabolism. Second, it can protect the intestinal tract by absorbing toxins, bacteria, or even viruses. When added to the diet, clay has also been known to bind some mycotoxins, which are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi, namely in cereal grains. Those beneficial effects of clay can improve pigs' health and performance by reducing pathogenic bacteria, especially pathogenic Escherichia coli, in the intestinal tract. Therefore, it is suggested that clay has a remarkable potential as an antibiotics alternative.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.1263-1276
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• 2024

Objective: Pine needles are rich in many nutrients and exhibit antibacterial and antioxidant biological activities; however, the effects of different production methods of pine needle additives on the growth performance and intestinal flora of broiler chickens are not known. Methods: Normal diets were supplemented with pine needle fermentation juice (PNF), pine needle soaking juice (PNS), or pine needle powder (PNP), and the associated effects on growth performance, relative organ weights, intestinal development, intestinal histological morphology, intestinal flora, meat quality, and serum indicators in broiler chickens were observed. Results: The results showed that PNF, PNS, and PNP all significantly improved feed utilization and promoted the growth and development of broilers. All three additives also significantly improved the structure of the intestinal flora, specifically increasing the diversity of bacteria; increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium, Rikenella, and Blautia; and decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Staphylococcus. The antioxidant properties of pine needles were also found to intensify lipid metabolic reactions in the blood, thus leading to lower triglycerides and total cholesterol. Meanwhile, high doses of PNF reduced jejunum and ileum weights and also increased meat yellowness. Lastly, none of PNF, PNS, or PNP had an effect on relative organ weights or intestinal histological morphology. Conclusion: The addition of pine needles to the diet of broiler chickens can effectively promote their growth performance as well as improve their intestinal flora and serum status without side effects; in particular, the dose of 0.2% of either PNF and PNS is expected to have the capacity to replace growth-promoting antibiotics as diet additives.