• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.539-542
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• 2009

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2001

The use of fuzzy number over interval of confidence instead of possibilitic consideration for solving fuzzy equation is proposed. This approach of solving fuzzy equation by interval arithmetic and ${\alpha}$-cuts has a considerable advantage. Through theoretical analysis, an illustrative example and computational results, we show that the proposed approach is more general and straight-forword.

• 정보학연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2006

In this paper, a new fragile watermarking algorithm for digital image is presented, which makes resolving the security and forgery problem of the digital image to be possible. The most suitable watermarking method that verifies the authentication and integrity of the digital image is the Wong's method, which invokes the hash function (MD5). The algorithm is safe because this method uses the hash function of the cryptology. The operations such as modulus, complement, shift, bitwise exclusive-or, bitwise inclusive-or are necessary for calculating the value of hash function. But, in this paper, an Arithmetic encoding method that only includes the multiplication operation is adopted. This technique prints out accumulative probability interval, which is obtained by multiplying the input symbol probability interval. In this paper, the initial probability interval is determined according to the value of the key, and the input sequence of the symbols is adjusted according to the key value so that the accumulative probability interval will depend on the key value. The integrity of the algorithm has been verified by experiment. The PSNR is above the 51.13db and the verifying time is $1/3{\sim}1/4$ of the verifying time of using the hash function (MD5), so, it can be used in the real-time system.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1045-1051
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• 2005

For critical structures and application, where a given reliability must be met, it is necessary to account for uncertainties and variability in material properties, structural parameters affecting the corrosion process, in addition to the statistical and decision uncertainties. This paper presents an approach to the fuzzy arithmetic based modeling of the chloride-induced corrosion of reinforcement in concrete structures that takes into account the uncertainties in the physical models of chloride penetration into concrete and corrosion of steel reinforcement, as well as the uncertainties in the governing parameters, including concrete diffusivity, concrete cover depth, surface chloride concentration and critical chloride level for corrosion initiation. The parameters of the models are regarded as fuzzy numbers with proper membership function adapted to statistical data of the governing parameters and the fuzziness of the corrosion time is determined by the fuzzy arithmetic of interval arithmetic and extension principle

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.273-276
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• 2018

In video compression standards, the entropy coding is essential to the high performance compression because redundancy of data symbols is removed. Binary arithmetic coding is one of high performance entropy coding methods. However, the dependency between consecutive binary symbols prevents improving the throughput. For the throughput enhancement, a new probability model is proposed for encoding multi-symbols at one time. In the proposed method, multi-symbol encoder is implemented with only adders and shifters, and the multiplication table for interval subdivision of binary arithmetic coding is removed. Compared to the compression ratio of CABAC of H.264/AVC, the performance degradation on average is only 1.4% which is negligible.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.81-95
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• 2006

The usual arithmetic operations on real numbers can be extended to arithmetical operations on fuzzy intervals by means of Zadeh's extension principle based on a t-norm T. A t-norm is called consistent with respect to a class of fuzzy intervals for some arithmetic operation if this arithmetic operation is closed for this class. It is important to know which t-norms are consistent with a particular type of fuzzy intervals. Recently Dombi and Gyorbiro proved that addition is closed if the Dombi t-norm is used with two bell-shaped fuzzy intervals. A result proved by Mesiar on a strict t-norm based shape preserving additions of LR-fuzzy intervals with unbounded support is recalled. As applications, we define a broader class of bell-shaped fuzzy intervals. Then we study t-norms which are consistent with these particular types of fuzzy intervals. Dombi and Gyorbiro's results are special cases of the results described in this paper.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.155-156
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• 2008

In this paper, an interval type-2 fuzzy logic system is designed and compared with a type-1 fuzzy logic system. To compare performance of a type-1 fuzzy logic system with the type-2 fuzzy logic system, we apply type-1 fuzzy logic system and type-2 system to modeling the noised data. Membership function of interval type-2 fuzzy logic system is designed consequents of rules including uncertainty. For general type-2 fuzzy logic system computational complexity is severe. On the other hand, theoretic and arithmetic computations for interval type-2 fuzzy logic systems are very simple.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2010

It is very important to know mean and confidence interval of water-quality constituents such as BOD for water-quality control and management of rivers and reservoirs effectively. The mean and confidence interval of BOD at Anseong2 and Hwangguji3 sampling stations which are located at the border of local governments in Anseong Stream were estimated and analyzed in this paper using Bootstrap technique which is one of non-parametric statistics. The results of Bootstrap were compared with arithmetic mean, geometric mean, Biweight method mean as a point estimator and distribution mean came from the appropriate probability distribution of Log-normal. In Bootstrap technique 12 data set was randomly selected in each year and 1000 samples was produced to get parameter of population. Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) of Microsoft Excel was utilized in Bootstrap. It was revealed that the Bootstrap technique can be used to explain more rigorously and robustly the achievement or violation of BOD target concentration in Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL).

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.879-885
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• 2013

By performing interval analysis on the system transfer function, we propose an improved method of control loop design for a DC/DC converter. In conventional design methods, the effect of system parameter change due to the specified range of operating conditions and production tolerances in power components should be checked a posteriori, because this may result in a transfer function shift and performance degradation. In the proposed method, a possible parameter change is considered a priori in the design step in order that the desired crossover frequency and sufficient phase margin can be achieved even in the worst case condition. As an illustrative example, a buck dc/dc converter is designed by two different methods and performance comparisons are performed to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.614-622
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• 2015

2진(binary) MQ 산술부호화는 최근 들어 멀티미디어 압축 표준시스템에 기본 엔트로피 방식으로 사용되고 있다. MQ 산술부호기는 JBIG2와 JPEG2000에 적용되면서 압축성능을 인정받기 시작했다. 최근에 차세대 동영상 부호화 표준인 HEVC (high efficiency video coding)에는 산술부호화가 단일 엔트로피부호화로 채택되면서 그 중요성이 커지고 있다. 기존의 2진 MQ 산술부호기는 RANGE(구간)을 분할하는 과정에서 곱셈을 없애면서 근사화 방법을 사용하고 있다. 이 경우 MPS/LPS의 구간이 뒤바뀌는 경우가 발생하며 출력비트가 늘어날 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 완화하기 위하여 근사식을 사용하는 대신에 룩업테이블 형태로 AQe의 값을 양자화하여 계산에 적용하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안한 방법의 압축 성능을 실험을 통해 확인한 결과, 2진영상 압축표준 방식인 JBIG2의 경우 약 4%의 압축율의 개선을 보였다. 정지영상 압축표준인 JPEG2000의 경우 약 1%정도의 개선을 가져왔다. 룩업테이블을 사용하기 때문에 계산량이 기존방법에 비해 늘지 않는다.