• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2009

본 연구는 나리의 종간잡종 육성체계를 확립하는데 필요한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 OA hybrid 중 자발적으로 생식세포 염색체가 배수화된 계통을 이용하여 후대 획득과 후대검정에 필요한 실험을 수행하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 2n 화분을 생산하는 OA hybrid의 경우 화분의 채취시기에 따른 생존율과 발아율은 10월에 비해 6월이, 생존율은 n성 화분이, 발아율은 2n성 화분이 높았다. 2n 화분을 생산하는 2배체 OA hybrid와 2배체 또는 4배체 Asiatic 또는 Oriental hybrid간 교배시 모본과 부본을 달리함에 따라 후대 획득 수에 차이가 있었는데 OA hybrid를 부본으로 이용했을 때, 상대친을 Asiatic hybrid로 교배했을 때 후대획득이 용이하였다. 즉 A$\times$OA교배에서 후대 획득률이 0.64개체로 O$\times$OA교배에서의 후대 획득률 0.42개체보다 높았으며, OA$\times$A간 교배에서 후대 획득률이 0.40개체인 반면 OA$\times$O교배에서는 전혀 후대획득이 불가능하거나 극히 낮아 후대획득이 어려웠으며, 아울러 2n 화분을 생산하는 OA hybrid의 후대생산을 위한 상대친으로 4배체보다는 2배체가 효과적이었다. 2n 화분을 생산하는 OA hybrid와 Asiatic 또는 Oriental hybrid간 정역교배 결과, OA hybrid를 부본으로 교배했을 때, 상대친으로 Asiatic hybrid을 교배했을 때 후대획득이 용이하였다. 자발적인 2n 화분을 생산하는 2배체 OA hybrid의 여교잡 후대의 ploidy level의 측정결과, OA$\times$A교배에서는 3배체, AA$\times$OA, OO$\times$OA교배에서는 4배체임을 확인할 수 있었으나, O$\times$OA교배에서는 2배체, A$\times$OA교배에서는 2배체 또는 3배체로 확인되었다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.199-205
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• 1999

The nucleotide sequences of a 504 bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene were analyzed to survey the intraspecific variation of the brown frog, Rana dybowskii, collected from nine populations in South Korea. Comparisons of sequence divergence of the cytochrome b gene suggest that the populations examined are clearly classified into two types (type 1 and type 2), diverged from each other by a high value of 14.3-15.9% sequence divergence. The two types are distributed allopatrically in most populations, but only one population occurs sympatrically. In the Tonghae population, their spawning grounds differ in that type 1 spawns in the puddle and type 2 spawns in the mountain creek. Based on the genetic divergences of the cytochrome b gene sequences, the phylogenetic status of Korean R. dybowskii is elucidated by comparing it with related brown frogs distributed in an area adjacent to the Korean Peninsula. Interspecific sequence divergences among type 1, type 2 and other related brown frog species (Russian R. dybowskii, R. pirica, R. ornativentris, R. chensinensis: 2n=24 chromosomes) used in this study ranged from 11.7 to 16.3%. R. dybowskii in Tsushima is very similar to our type 1 (sequence divergence＝0-1.6%) and R. chensinensis in western China is closest to our type 2 (sequence divergence＝6.8-7.5%).

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2006

Two Atractylodes species, A. japonica Koidz. ex Kitam. (AJ) and A. macrocephala Koidz (AM) were used in this study. AJ population had higher amounts of Sesquiterpenoids and stronger tolerance to root rot but less vigor of root growth than AM population. Two populations (AJ and AM) were crossed to make interspecific hybrid population. A total of 98 lines propagated clonally were selected from a cross of AJ and AM, and evaluated for contents of sesquiterpenoids, atractylon (ATLN) and atractylenolide III (AT3) using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and growth characters such as plant height, stem number and root weight. HPLC profiles of the hybrids were compared with those of parent plants, and it demonstrated the production of introgression hybrid by crossing between AJ and AM. Of 98 clonal lines,10 lines were selected by 10% level based on the growth vigor and tolerance to root rot, and AJM2102-51 line showed the heaviest root weight (117.1 g/plant) among them. A total of 98 hybrid lines contained on average $0.16\;{\pm}\;0.10\;mg/g$ of $AT3,\;2.00\;{\pm}\;1.37\;mg/g$ of ATLN, and $2.16\;{\pm}\;1.40\;mg/g$ of total sesquiterpenoids, showing high coefficients of variation (above 65%). Ten lines having high contents of sesquiterpenoids were selected, and AJM2101-15 had the highest amount (9.83 mg/g) of ATLN, and showed 40.8 g/plant of root weight similar to mean value (39.9 g/plant) of hybrid lines. The result showed that the introgression of both characters of vigorous growth from AM and high sesquiterpenoids content from AJ could be possible to make new hybrid lines by crossing between AJ and AM.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2012

We investigated leaf disease intensity of Kalopanax septemlobus (prickly castor oil tree) caused by the parasitic fungus Mycosphaerella acanthopanacis, in thirty natural host populations in the Japanese Archipelago. The disease intensity observed for individual trees were analyzed using a generalized additive model as a function of tree size, tree density, climatic terms and spatial trend surface. Individual tree size and conspecific tree density were shown to have significant negative and positive effects on disease intensity, respectively. The findings suggest that the probability of disease infection is partly determined by dispersal of infection agents (ascospores) from the fallen leaves on the ground, which can be enhanced by aggregation of host trees in a forest stand. Regional-scale spatial bias was also present in disease intensity; the populations in northern Japan and southern Kyushu were more severely infected by the fungus than those in southwestern Honshu and Shikoku. Regional variation of disease intensity was explained by both climatic factors and a trend surface term, with a latitudinal cline detected, which increases towards the north. Further research should be conducted in order to understand all of the factors generating the latitudinal cline detected in this study.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2001

잔디밭에 문제시되는 1년생 화본과 잡초인 바랭이(Digitaria sp.)의 종내 및 종간 변이성을 D. ischaemum과 D. Sanguinalis의 5개 지역종을 대상으로 생육상과 포장조건에서 알아보았다. 포장실험결과 D. sanguinalis와 D. ischaemum의 종내 또는 종간의 잎의 길이와 폭 등을 포함한 형태적 형질에 관련된 유의한 변이성이 관찰되었다. 하지만, 표현형적 변이성에는 실질적 차이는 인정되지 않아 포장조건에서 최초발아시기는 종간 또는 지역종에 관계없이 동일하였다. 4가지의 주야간 온도 차이(25/$25^{\circ}C$, 27.5S/22.5$^{\circ}C$, 30/2$0^{\circ}C$, 15/35$^{\circ}C$)로 조절된 생육상 조건의 실험에서 각 바랭이 종의 발아소요일수에 관한 종간 또는 종내의 변이성은 없었다. 따라서, 잔디밭에서 효율적인 바랭이 방제를 위해 특정지역에서 최초 발아시기에 관련된 예측모델은 타 지역에도 동일하게 적용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.216-224
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• 1994

Drosophila 의 수컷 앞다리 부절에 존재하는 성즐의 유무는 Sophophora subgens와 Drsophila sub-genus의 분류기준이 되며, 전자의 경우는 종 특이적인 성즐을 가지나 후자에는 일반적으로 존재하지 않는다. 수종 Drosophila 의 성즐에 관하여 비교 조사한 결과 Sophophora subgens내의 D. melanoga-ster subgroup의 경우는 모두 제 1부절에만 존재하였다. 그중 D. melanogaster complex의 D. mauti-tiana 가 약 12.75개, D. simulans는 평균 8.35정도였으며, D. yakuba complex는 D. melanogaster complex에 비하여 다소 적었다. D. melanogaster complex의 종간 교배에 의한 분석으로는 성즐유전양시겡 대한 뚜렷한 방향성을 제시할 수 없었다. Sophophora subgemus의 D. melanogaster species group에 속하는 다른 3종의 경우(D. auralia, D. lutecens 및 D. suzuki)는 성즐의 분포 양식에서 D. immigrans 및 D. virilis)에서는 성즐이 존재하지 않았다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.230-236
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• 1987

적조의 다발해역으로 알려진 마산만 일대의 2개 정점에서 1981년 1월부터 1982년 12월까지 유종섬모충류와 와편모류의 현존량을 월별로 조사하여 이들 변동과 포식-피포식 상관관계를 조사하였다. 와편모류의 우점종은 주로 $20-60\;{\mu}m$의 크기로서 Gymnodinium, Prorocentrum 속 등이었으며, 특히 봄에서 여름에 걸쳐 대발생을 보였다. 한편 유종섬모충류는 Favella가 압도적으로 우점하였으며 이들은 같은 시기에 현존량의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이들의 중상관분석의 결과로 Favella는 와편모류중 $40-60\;{\mu}m$크기의 종류들과 높은 정의 상관관계를 나타냈으며, Prorocentrum 등이 우점한 정점 1보다는 Gymnodinium, Protogonyaulax등 크기가 큰 종류들이 우점한 정점 2에서 더 높은 중상관관계를 보였다. 이로서 유종섬모충류와 와편모류간에는 크기 및 형태에 의한 먹이 선택성을 인정할 수 있었으며 이들은 연안역의 저차생산단계에서 포식${\cdot}$피포식 상관관계를 통하여 중요한 역할을 맡고 있다고 사료된다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2016

The establishment of a DNA barcode database at the regional scale and assessments of the utility of DNA barcodes are crucial for conservation biology and for the sustainable utilization of biological resources. Schisandraceae is a small family consisting of ca. 45 species. It contains many economically important species, such as Schisandra chinensis, which is widely used as a source in tonic beverages and in oriental medicine. In Korea, three species, S. chinensis, S. repanda, and Kadsura japonica, are distributed. We evaluated the level of variation of the DNA sequences of rbcL, matK, and the ITS regions from 13 accessions representing the distributional range of the three species. The three DNA barcode regions were easily amplified and sequenced. The minimum values of the interspecific genetic distances among S. chinensis, S. repanda, and K. japonica either separately or in combination are 4- to 23-fold higher than the maximum value of the intraspecific distance, showing that there is a clear DNA barcoding gap in the regions for Korean Schisandraceae. Phylogenetic analyses of the three DNA barcode regions, separately and simultaneously, indicate that all of the DNA barcode regions are useful for identifying a species of Schisandraceae in Korea. The distinctiveness of the three species of Schisandraceae was also supported at the species level when Chinese and Japanese populations were added. The results of this study indicate that three concatenated regions constitute the best option for DNA barcoding in Schisandraceae in Korea.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.176-184
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• 2016

Background: Wild ginseng, Panax ginseng Meyer, is an endangered species of medicinal plants. In the present study, we analyzed variations within the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) cluster to gain insight into the genetic diversity of the Oriental ginseng, P. ginseng, at artificial plant cultivation. Methods: The roots of wild P. ginseng plants were sampled from a nonprotected natural population of the Russian Far East. The slides were prepared from leaf tissues using the squash technique for cytogenetic analysis. The 18S rDNA sequences were cloned and sequenced. The distribution of nucleotide diversity, recombination events, and interspecific phylogenies for the total 18S rDNA sequence data set was also examined. Results: In mesophyll cells, mononucleolar nuclei were estimated to be dominant (75.7%), while the remaining nuclei contained two to four nucleoli. Among the analyzed 18S rDNA clones, 20% were identical to the 18S rDNA sequence of P. ginseng from Japan, and other clones differed in one to six substitutions. The nucleotide polymorphism was more expressed at the positions 440-640 bp, and distributed in variable regions, expansion segments, and conservative elements of core structure. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed conspecificity of ginseng plants cultivated in different regions, with two fixed mutations between P. ginseng and other species. Conclusion: This study identified the evidences of the intragenomic nucleotide polymorphism in the 18S rDNA sequences of P. ginseng. These data suggest that, in cultivated plants, the observed genome instability may influence the synthesis of biologically active compounds, which are widely used in traditional medicine.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.23-23
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• 2017

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world's most important cereal crop. In crop plant, chlorophyll content and leaf senescence could affect grain filling and yield. We analyzed a QTL associated with chlorophyll content and delayed leaf senescence using high chlorophyll near isogenic line (HC-NIL). HC-NIL derived from a cross between Oryza sativa cv. Hwaseong as a recurrent parent and wild species O. grandiglumis as a donor parent showed higher chlorophyll content than Hwaseong. To identify QTL associated with chlorophyll content, 58 $F_3$ and 38 $F_4$ lines were developed from a cross between HC-NIL and Hwaseong. For QTL analysis, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used for genotyping and one-way ANOVA was conducted. A QTL for chlorophyll content (qCC2) was detected in chromosome 2 and explained 24.63% of phenotypic variation. The senescence effect of the qCC2 was examined in dark-induced incubation (DII). Detached leaves from Hwaseong and HC-NIL were incubated on 3mM MES buffer (pH 5.8) at $27^{\circ}C$ under complete dark condition. After 3 days of incubation, the Hwaseong leaves turned yellow, but the HC-NIL leaves were green. HC-NIL has higher chlorophyll content with delayed senescence than Hwaseong. These results indicated that qCC2 is associated with stay-green phenotype. To know whether the qCC2 is responsible for leaf functionality, ion leakage test and Fv/Fm measurement were performed. Both experiment results showed that differences were observed between Hwaseong and HC-NIL but it was not statistically significant. These results might suggest that the qCC2 is possibly related to chlorophyll content and non-functional stay-green phenotype.