• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.75-92
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• 2021

There is increasing awareness in the international alliance literature that the firm performance effects of the alliance portfolio go beyond the effects of the individual alliances. I enrich this nascent perspective by developing a alliance portfolio composition framework based on the alliance portfolio dimensions - underpinned by the simultaneity of quantitative and qualitative factors in international portfolio - that enhances firms' financial performance. This paper assesses the impact on firm performance of composing the alliance dimension within a firm's international alliance portfolio. In an unbalanced panel data analysis with fixed effects of the performance of 502 firms operating in the Korean manufacturing industry during 2011-2017, I test whether firm's three dimension of international alliance portfolio affect on firm financial performance. I find that the intensity of international alliance have significantly positive effect on the firm performance. And following the moderating analysis of three portfolio dimension-functional, relational, and attribute, all of each three international alliance portfolio has positive moderating effects on the relationship between the alliance intensity and firm performance. These results indicate that firms should consider and form simultaneous approaches to exploit the international alliance based on the alliance portfolio dimensions with intensity of alliance portfolio.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.374-375
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• 2011

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2009

There are three major international agreements governing mutual recognition of engineering qualifications and professional competence of the International PEs; namely, Washington Accords, APEC engineer agreement and EMF agreement. International Organizations of APEC Engineer Coordinating Committer and Engineers Mobility Forum established international registries with the goal of improving international mobility. APEC and EMF membership requires minimum qualifications for licensure with the minimum standards including engineering education, Professional experience, compliance with home jurisdiction requirements, having verified record of responsible charge, and demonstrating a commitment to continuing education.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.40-41
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• 2009

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2009

This paper provides in-depth analysis of internal and external factors that are important to food retailers' international market expansion, presenting Carrefour as a case. Nine sources of risks inherent in international retail market operation are explored and examined which are critical for Carrefour's international expansion. Key financial ratios of Du Pont System are used to assess Carrefour's performance in local market and relative to competitors. Carrefour's competitive advantages are also explored and compared with Wal-Mart, its major competitor in the international expansion.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.106-120
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to derive some policy implications on Korea's international education based on the research of America's experience of international education. The implications are summarized as follows. First, the main aim of Korea's international education should be on the increase of mutual understanding among world citizens, and also on the improvement of Korea's competitiveness. Since Korea is a small-open economy, she must find some policy methods to develop her economy continuously. Second, Korea should establish q private-run institution concentrated on the increase of mutual understanding of world citizens, like IIE in America. Third, Korea should also give Korea's universities some incentives to improve its own internationalization as well as to develop educational curriculum for teachers in international education.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-54
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• 2002

When the ruling of Foreign Arbitral Awards contradicts the public policy of the enforcement state, it can be a ground for a refusal to enforce the ruling. New York Convention V section 2, UNCITRAL section 36, and Korean arbitration law section 36 confirm this principle. The final ruling of international arbitral awards should be respected according to the international convention or the principle of reciprocity, which cancel out the above principle: when the ruling contradicts the country's public policy, it can be refused to enforcement. Since the Helsinki General Convention, ILA have studied upon it and presented the final report and recommendation during the 2002 New Delhi General Convention. In it, firstly, the finality of awards rendered in the context of international commercial arbitration should be respected save in exceptional circumstances. Secondly, every state is recommended the “international public policy”, on which it can refuse to follow the ruling of international arbitral awards, and advised to respect it as far as possible.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.27-53
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• 2013

In this paper, we look at the relationship between international trade and the rule of law, using the World Justice Project Rule of Law Index, which include index figures on human rights, limits on government powers, transparency and regulatory efficiency. Based on regression analyses using the rule of law index figures and international trade figures (merchandise trade, service trade, exports and imports as percentage of GDP,) international trade and basic human rights seem to have little relationship; but trade has a close positive relationship with strong order and security. Somewhat surprisingly, regulatory transparency and effective implementation seems to have little or no effect on international trade and vice versa. International trade shows a clear positive relationship with the country's criminal justice system, but the relationship with the civil justice system is not as clear as such. For regulatory implementation and civil justice, services trade positively affect these institutions, but these institutions in turn affect exports more strongly than services trade. Finally, the effect of trade on rule of law is stronger on a medium to long term (10-20 year) time horizon.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.43
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• pp.371-393
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• 2009

The biggest issue of the current international maritime transport is that EU had decided to apply the Competition Law about Shipping Conference since 2008 and UNCITRAL Convention which is the substitute of international rules related with existing maritime transport passed UN General Assembly. This movement indicates that international rules of international maritime transport are not focusing on shipping companies or forwarders anymore but consignors. According to the current circumstances, it is time for us to convert existing shipping companies and forwarders centered rules system into consignors centered international rules system as well. Thus, this study has compared and analyzed between each country's law of Shipping Conference and Korean governing law, Ocean Shipping Act.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.16
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• pp.155-181
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• 2001

International Trade has led to the increase of the demand of international transport, and also the development of international transport not only incurs claims concerning transportation but also establishes various international rules to settle the claims between the shippers and carriers incurred in the course of transport. With a view to settling the claims successfully, the men who are concerned in the transport have to know the principle and scopes of carrier's liability. In this paper, I would like to find out the scopes of liability of multimodal carriers based on the principles of liability. In order to perform the purpose of this study, I classify the liability principle of the international carrier under the UNs Convention on International Multimodal Transport of Good(1980) and UNCTDAD/ICC Rules(1991) in three system-Network Liability System, Uniform Liability System and Modified Liability System. And that I show the results-the scopes of multimodal carriers' liability based on the UN's Multimodal Convention(1980) and the ICC/UNCTAD Rules(1991), and transport vehicles.