• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.2409-2412
• /
• 2015

Purpose: We aimed to study the inflammatory parameters of complete blood count in breast cancer cases. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study covered 178 breast cancer patients and 107 age and body mass index matched healthy women. Complete blood count parameters, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and MPV/platelet were analyzed. Results: The leukocyte, neutrophil and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were higher in the patient group (p values 0.001, 0.0001 and 0.0001, respectively) while haemoglobin and hematocrit were higher in the control group (p=0.0001 for both). Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated neutrophils and platelet distribution width (PDW) (OR: 0.627, 95%CI: 0.508-0.774, p=0.001 and OR: 1.191 95%CI: 1.057-1.342 p=0.003) were independent variables for predicting breast cancer. The cut-off value for the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was 2.56. Conclusions: According to our study results, neutrophil levels as part of complete blood count may be used as an independent predictor of breast cancer risk.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.1619-1623
• /
• 2007

This study was desiged to investigate the Obesity and Right-left(region) of Patients with Bell's palsy. We measured the sex, age, BMI and pulse diagnosis of 149 patients who were diagnosed as Bell's palsy. The results were as follows : In distribution of sex, the ratio of male was 52.35%(78 cases), female 47.65%(71 cases). The distribution of age revealed that 40s was the most in 50 cases(33.6%). The distribution of region in facial palsy was left 73 cases, right 76 cases(1:1.04). In distribution of region in facial palsy patients with obesity, the ratio of left was 32.86%(49 cases), right 34.23%(51 cases). But facial palsy patients with obesity was the most in 100 cases(67.11%), low weght was 3 cases(2.01%). In distribution of pulse diagnosis in facial palsy patients with obesity, the ratio of huh-mac(虛脈) was 63.64%(42 case), sil-mac(實脈) 36.36%(24 cases). The huh-mac(虛脈) was simlliar to gi-huh(氣虛). So we found that the facial palsy patients with obesity was more gi-huh(氣虛) than with low weght. In distribution of region in facial palsy patients with obesity-huh-mac(虛脈), the ratio of left was 41.38%(12 cases), right 58.62%(17 cases).

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.78-86
• /
• 2008

The aim of this paper is to show the daylight environment of a light pipe system according to sun movement. A light pipe system has been mounted on the roof of the windowless full scale model: the solar spot has diameter of 0.65m and is 1.3m long, giving an aspect ratio of 1:2. The full scale model was installed on the rooftop of the SHINAN apartment in Yongin city that has no obstructions against sunlight. The test room is equipped with sensors for the measurements of the internal illuminance and has an area of 6m(W)$\times$6m(D)$\times$4m(H). The system has been monitored with a data-logger to evaluate the cumulative distribution of illuminance on a floor-plane from 16th, April to 29th, May, 2008 over one month and selected clear sky condition. For the daylight performance of floor area, the totally 49 measuring points has been used to determine the internal illuminance and an HP datalogger(HP34970A) records the measurements for one consecutive month. The horizontal external illuminance has been measured with two outdoor sensors. This paper presents the results of monitoring light pipe system with internal/external illuminance ratio and cumulative frequency distribution of floor-plane illuminance are discussed The results show that lightpipe is proficient device for introducing daylight into the building. However It provided different daylight indoor environment with wide or narrow Interquatile range of illuminance, internal/external illuminance ratio and cumulative frequency distribution according to solar positions under suuny sky condition. For more achieving the improvement of lightpipes also include energy savings, user visual comfort with various indicators; seasonal solar height, room and lightpipes geometries.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
• /
• v.53 no.7
• /
• pp.375-381
• /
• 2004

This paper describes a three-winding transformer protective relaying algorithm based on the ratio of increments of flux linkages (RIFL). To minimize the approximation errors, the algorithm uses integration approximation. The RIFL of the two windings is equal to the turns ratio for all operating conditions except for an internal fault. For a single-phase and three-phase transformer containing the wye-connected windings, the increments of flux linkages (IFL) are calculated. For a three-phase transformer containing the delta-connected windings, the difference of IFL between the two phases are calculated to use the line currents, because the winding currents are practically unavailable. Their ratios are compared with the turns ratio. The comparative study between the proposed and differential approximation methods was conducted. The test results show that the algorithm can reduce the errors resulting from the conventional methods.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 1997

The process which can stabilize water quality of treatment and improve nitrogen removal rate under the condition of high organic loading was developed by charging fibrous HBC media to single sludge nitrification-denitrification process. This process was operated easier, minimized the treatment cost, and shortened the retention time. To improve T-N removal rate, a part of nitrifing liquid at aerobic zone was recycled to anoxic zone by approximate internal recycle ratio. The experimental results are as follows ; T-N removal efficiency in the organic volumetric loading 0.14-0.19 kg/COD/m$^{3}$·d was obtained asmaxium of 85% at internal recycle ratio 2.5 and in more ratio than this it was decreased. Organic removal efficiency was about 91% under the overall experimental conditions and not influenced by recycle ratio.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 2003

The Objective of this study is to investigate the effect of internal swiller angle and swirl chamber aspect ratio of nozzle on spray characteristics for application of spray system in micro fabrication process. The macro-spray characterictics such as the spray angle and breakup process were obtained by photographs illustrating atomization. The micro-spray characteristics such as droplet size and axial velocity were measured by using PDA with swirler angle and swirl chamber aspect ratio. The swiller angles were $13.5^{\circ},\;27^{\circ},\;and\;40.5^{\circ}$. The swirl chamber aspect ratios were 1.2, 1.6, and 2.0. It was found that the smaller swirl chamber aspect ratio was, the larger axial velocity and drop size were.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.613-619
• /
• 2001

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) on 25 patients who have suffered from alcoholic liver disease. Methods: Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) was administered to patients for over 1 months continuously. We checked improvement of clinical symptoms, changes of chemistry hematological test and especially lymphocyte count. Results: The results obtained are summarized as follows. Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) has significant effect on the improvement of clinical symptoms. And the improvement ratio of AST, ALT, ${\gamma}$-GTP was 77.8%, 61.5%, 76.2%. In patients with alcohoiic hepatitis, WBC was increased effectively within normal range and those with liver cirrhosis, All of the patients with the inverted ratio of lymphocyte was improved. Conclusions: From the above results, it is suggested that Gamichunggan-san(Jiaweiqinggan-san) have significant effects on recovery of liver malfunction and immune modulation, and also could be recommended as a prescription for alcoholic liver disease.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.512-521
• /
• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Sasang constitution and body composition of the two groups devided by chest PA. Method : This study was carried out on 60 students of Semyung University. The students were selected according to the aspect ratio of rt. lung from chest PA. They were divided into two groups(length group and width group) and administered QSCCII & body composition analysis. Result : The 30 students of the length group were classified as Soumin(15), Soyangin(9), and Taeumin(6). The 30 students of the width group were classified as Taeumin(20), Soyangin(9), and Soumin(1). In the width group, weight, total body water, amount of total body fat, muscles, viceral fat area(VFA), waist hip ratio(WHR), were significantly higher than in the length group. Conclusion : There were significant relationships between the shape of lung and constitution and body composition. These findings indicate that actual organ condition could be expressed in body shape.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2020

This paper aims to empirically study the determinants of liquidity of Indian listed firms. To account for profit persistence, we apply a (pooled, fixed and random) effect models to a panel of Indian listed firms that covers the time period from 2010 to 2016. This study consists of 2154 firms operating in Indian market. Liquidity (LQD) of Indian firms is measured by liquid assets to total assets, whereas bank size, capital adequacy, profitability, leverage, and firm age are used as internal determinants. Further, economic activity, inflation rate, exchange rate, and interest rate are the external factors considered. The findings reveal that leverage, return on assets, and firm age are the essential internal determinants that impact the liquidity of Indian listed firms. Furthermore, among the internal determinants, the results indicate that firm size, leverage ratio, return on assets ratio, and firm age are found to have a significant positive association with firms' LQD, except leverage ratio and firm age has a negative relationship with firms' LQD. From this result, this article has provides helpful ideas and empirical evidence on the inner and external determinants of the companies mentioned in India is very useful to bankers, analysts, regulators, investors and other stakeholders.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.15 no.10
• /
• pp.896-901
• /
• 2002

The polarization and strain behavior of multilayer ceramic actuators fabricated by tape casting using a PNN-PZT ceramics were investigated in association with electrode size and internal layer number. Spontaneous polarization and strain decreased with increasing electrode size. In addition, the increase of internal layer number brought reduced spontaneous polarization and increased the field-induced strain. Because the actuators structure is designed to stack ceramic layer and electrode layer alternatively, the ceramic-electrode interfaces may act as a resistance to motion of domain wall. To analyze the effect of ceramic-electrode interface, the diffraction intensity ratio of (002) to (200) planes was calculated from X-ray diffraction patterns of samples subjected to a voltage of 200 V. The diffraction intensity ratio of (002) to (200) planes was decreased with increasing electrode size and internal layer number. The diffraction intensity ratio and straining behavior analyses indicate that the Polarization and strain were affected by the amount of 90°domain decreasing with increasing electrode size and internal layer number. Consequently, the change of polarization and displacement with respect to electrode size and layer number is likely to be caused by readiness of the domain wall movement around the interface.