• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2010

Object : This study was conducted as part of the national project to standardize stroke diagnosis in Korean medicine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the characteristics of acute stroke between heat pattern group and cold pattern group. Methods : We recruited stroke patients from 5 universities(Kyung-Hee University oriental medical center, Kyung-Hee University East-West Neo medical center, Kyungwon university lncheon oriental medical center, Kyungwon university Songpa oriental medical center and DongGuk university llsan oriental medical center) from April, 2007 until February, 2010. We diagnosed them and selected 463 heat pattern patients and 182 cold pattern patients. Results : We find that the risk factor of smoking, alcohol, diet(prefer to meat) are more associated with the heat pattern group. On the other hand, inflammation history in recent 3 months and diet(prefer to sea food) are more associated with the cold pattern group. RBC, Hg, Hct, TG, CK and Cl are more related to the heat pattern group. CPT, total cholesterol and HDL are more related to the cold pattern group. Tae-eum type takes high distribution of the heat pattern group, and So-eum type takes high distribution of the cold pattern group. Conclusions : This study provides evidence that the heat pattern group have more risk factor than the cold pattern group.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2018

This study proves the causes of cylinder and piston jam by scratches which is the fatal problem of hydraulic breaker through the thermal analysis and thermal-structural coupled field analysis. The trouble from the scratch is a complex problem which can be caused by manufacturing process (this is an internal factor) and the users mistake or contamination in the hydraulic circuit (these are an external factor). Hence, it's not easy to investigate the causes, also hard to prevent the recurrence. In this reason, hydraulic breaker manufacturers are trying to improve the manufacturing process such as machining, heat treatment, grinding, cleaning, also to prevent the contamination in hydraulic circuit and to remove the remains. It's being managed thoroughly by manufacturers. This study shows the effect of the temperature rise by the frictional heat generated when the piston hits the tool on the hydraulic oil while the hydraulic breaker is operating, also the temperature distribution when it starts to affect main components of hydraulic breaker. The stress and the amount of deformation also could be found through thermal-structural coupled field analysis. It proved that the stress and deformation are proportionally increased according to the temperature rise in hit area, and it affects the cylinder and the viscosity of hydraulic oil inside the cylinder when it heats up beyond the certain temperature.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.1083-1095
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• 2016

The design of Prototype Gen-IV Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (PGSFR) has been developed and the validation and verification (V&V) activities to demonstrate the system performance and safety are in progress. In this paper, the current status of test activities is described briefly and significant results are discussed. The large-scale sodium thermal-hydraulic test program, Sodium Test Loop for Safety Simulation and Assessment-1 (STELLA-1), produced satisfactory results, which were used for the computer codes V&V, and the performance test results of the model pump in sodiumshowed good agreement with those in water. The second phase of the STELLA program with the integral effect tests facility, STELLA-2, is in the detailed design stage of the design process. The sodium thermal-hydraulic experiment loop for finned-tube sodium-to-air heat exchanger performance test, the intermediate heat exchanger test facility, and the test facility for the reactor flow distribution are underway. Flow characteristics test in subchannels of a wire-wrapped rod bundle has been carried out for safety analysis in the core and the dynamic characteristic test of upper internal structure has been performed for the seismic analysis model for the PGSFR. The performance tests for control rod assemblies (CRAs) have been conducted for control rod drive mechanism driving parts and drop tests of the CRA under scram condition were performed. Finally, three types of inspection sensors under development for the safe operation of the PGSFR were explained with significant results.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.35-40
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• 2017

The rearside of concrete lining of tunnels constructed in cold region might experience on freezing due to the low temperature. This causes damage of concrete lining resulting in adverse affect on the durability as well as integrity of tunnel structure by causing damage to the concrete lining. In order to prevent the rearside of tunnel lining from freeing, the temperature change inside the concrete lining was measured by attaching a heating element to the tunnel lining surface and generating heat for a certain period of time. A special freezing chamber was developed to conduct the experiments considering in-situ environment. The carbone nanotube (CNT) was used as a heating element in this study. The temperature distribution of the concrete lining was measured by applying the heat to the heating element. The effect of the outside temperature and heating duration were analyzed.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

This paper presents research on methods for the reduction of forklifts' noise level for the increased comfort and safety of its operator. A cooling fan with a high air volume flow rate installed in the forklift acts as an important design parameter which efficiently cools the heat exchanger system, helping to transfer internal heat from the engine room to the outdoors with both transmitted and diffracted opening noises. The cooling fan contributes significantly to both the forklift's emitted sound power and the operator room's noise level, thereby necessitating research on the forklift's reduction of acoustic power level and transmission. A noise analysis for various fan models with a biomimetic design based on eagle-wing geometry was conducted. In addition to the acoustic power generation, the aerodynamic performance of the cooling blade is also strongly influenced by the design of airfoil distribution, thereby requiring optimization. The cooling fans were fabricated and installed in the forklift in order to check the efficacy of the forklift engine's cooling, and the final version of the fan was measured for its ability to lower acoustic power level and cool the engine room. This study explains the aerodynamic and acoustic features of the designed fans with the use of BEM analysis and forklift test results.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.1537-1546
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• 2017

Many thermal-hydraulic tests have been conducted at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute for verification of the SMART (System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor) design, the standard design approval of which was issued by the Korean regulatory body. In this paper, the contributions of these tests to the standard design approval of SMART are discussed. First, an integral effect test facility named VISTA-ITL (Experimental Verification by Integral Simulation of Transients and Accidents-Integral Test Loop) has been utilized to assess the TASS/SMR-S (Transient and Set-point Simulation/Small and Medium) safety analysis code and confirm its conservatism, to support standard design approval, and to construct a database for the SMART design optimization. In addition, many separate effect tests have been performed. The reactor internal flow test has been conducted using the SCOP (SMART COre flow distribution and Pressure drop test) facility to evaluate the reactor internal flow and pressure distributions. An ECC (Emergency Core Coolant) performance test has been carried out using the SWAT (SMART ECC Water Asymmetric Two-phase choking test) facility to evaluate the safety injection performance and to validate the thermal-hydraulic model used in the safety analysis code. The Freon CHF (Critical Heat Flux) test has been performed using the FTHEL (Freon Thermal Hydraulic Experimental Loop) facility to construct a database from the $5{\times}5$ rod bundle Freon CHF tests and to evaluate the DNBR (Departure from Nucleate Boiling Ratio) model in the safety analysis and core design codes. These test results were used for standard design approval of SMART to verify its design bases, design tools, and analysis methodology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.623-629
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• 2020

This study examined the airflow field around a gun port on the flight condition of gunfire to verify the aircraft performance and safety effects and gun gas rate, path according to the options of diverter configuration. The gun port diverter not only effectively lowered the heat generated by gunfire but also effectively discharged the gun gas upwards. The path of gun gas can be changed according to its configuration. According to the optional configuration of the rear-gun-port diverter, the flow rate, path, and pressure of the gun gas were analyzed during gunfire. An analysis of the internal velocity distribution and the temperature change of the gun port revealed a rapid decrease in flow rate through the rear diverter according to the option configuration. The forward flow rate showed a similar tendency with little change. This ensures that the gun gas generated during gunfire has a sufficient flow distance from the aircraft surface, regardless of the rear gun port diverter's optional configuration. The flow stagnation of gun gas according to the option configuration of diverter had a great influence on the internal temperature rise of a gun port.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.217-221
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• 2012

As a part of basic research to improve screen quality, which deteriorates when strain occurs within optical sheets in LCD modules for laptop computers, a measurement system is needed to analyze the influence of heat and moisture, which are the main factors causing the strain. It is assumed that the existence of an air gap less of than 0.5 mm inside the LCD module causes humid air from outside to permeate through the module. To investigate this phenomenon, in this study a thin printed circuit board (PCB) of compact sensors that measure temperature and humidity is inserted into LCD modules, and thus, the changes in temperature and humidity can be analyzed in real time. The results can be used as basic data for simulation of the deformation behavior and structural design of LCD modules in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.207-223
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• 2001

The Wonyenaejang is equivalent to the (senile)cataract in western medicine. The word cataract is used to describe the natural lens that has turned cloudy. As the natural lens of the eye becomes cloudy, it does not allow light to pass through it. Cataracts usually start as a slight cloudiness that progressively grows more opaque. As the cataract becomes more mature(increasingly opaque and dense), the retina receives less and less light. The light that does reach the retina becomes increasingly blurred and distorted. This causes gradual impairment of vision. If left untreated, cataracts can cause needless blindness. Although there are many kinds of cataracts, a senile cataract is the most common one. We chose the oriental medicine textbooks and the oriental medicine journals that were dealing with the symptoms, etiology, and internal/external treatments. The results were as follows : 1. The main causes of this disease are weak liver and kidney, burning up of the wind and heat in the liver and gall, weak spleen and stomach. 2. As the internal treatment of the Cataract, Geegukjihwangtang is mostly prescribed. 3. As the external treatment of the Cataract, (l) In the field of medicine for external application is commonly prescribed (2) In the field of drug action, frequently used treatments are as follows. emission of the evil, alleviation of fever, removal of lump of blood, and the medicine for external applications. (3) In the field of four Qi, cold medicine is commonly prescribed. (4) In the field of five tastes, bitter/hot/sweet mdicine are commonly prescribed. (5) In the field of toxicity, non-togic medicine is commonly prescribed. (6) In the field of channel distribution, most of the medicine belong to liver channel.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objective : An allergy to peanuts is a major cause of fatal food-induced anaphylaxis, with food allergies becoming an increasingly important health research issue. Food allergy as clinical entity has been recongnized for many years, although there is yet no general concord as to the incidence of this symptom.1) Methods : This study was undertaken to verify the effect of seeds of Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. extract (CGE) on the inhibition of allergic reactions using a cholera toxin and peanut extract-immunized food allergy mouse model. We determine whether the changes in rectal temperature were related to energy consumption owing to heat production in the body. Mast cell distribution and degranulation in the dermis and epidermis were observed with an optical microscope. Subsequently, Ara h1 levels in serum and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and $IFN-{\gamma}$ levels in cultured supernatants of splenocytes were measured. Results : CGE treatment significantly attenuated the secretion of the Ara h1 antibody in serum and splenocytes. Ara h 1 was undetected in the cholera toxin and peanut extract-immunized food allergy mouse model. Improvement in ear tissue inflammation symptoms was the CGE experimental group. In the control group and peanut extract control group, the expression of mast cells was higher, whereas that in the CGE experimental group was significantly lower. Conclusion : CGE causes suppression in a food allergy mouse model via the inhibition of Ara h1 secretion, and might be useful for developing functional health foods.