• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.529-532
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• 2000

Prostaglandin $E_2$(PG$E_2$) is an abundant eicosanoid in bone that has been implicated in a number of pathological states associated with bone loss, and is also known to stimulate matric metalloproteinase-1 systhesis and secretion in rat and human osteoblast cells, although the intracellular reaction remain unclear. Interleukin-1$\beta$ (IL-1$\beta$) is a cytokine that plays a critical role in bone remodelling and appears to act as a downstream effector of most bone-resorbing agents. However, it is still interesting to examine whether PG$E_2$ regulates IL-1$\beta$ expression by mouse osteoblasts or not. Here we demonstrate that PG$E_2$is a potent inducer of IL-1$\beta$ production by fetal osteoblasts.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2002

The author measured IL-8 and $TGF-{\beta}1$ levels of 84 ears - 48 ears of them had treated by antibiotics, 36 of them by Kamihyunggyeyungyotang(KHY) - of pediatric recurrent otitis media with effusion using ELISA assay, and compared them. The results were obtained as follows. 1. The level of IL-8 in KHY group was significantly lower than that in antibiotics group(p<0.05). 2. The level of $TGF-{\beta}1$ in KHY group was lower than that in antibiotics group. According to above results, KHY is considered to be used for treating recurrent otitis media with effusion by controlling the production of interleukin-8 and transforming $growthfactor-{\beta}1$.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2006

Purpose : High interleukin-1 beta(IL-$1{\beta}$) expression in the skin biopsy specimens of patients with Henoch-$Sch\ddot{o}nlein$ Purpura(HSP) has been observed. We examined IL-$1{\beta}$ gene polymorphism in patients with HSP. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between IL-$1{\beta}$ gene polymorphism and renal involvement in HSP. Methods : Patients from mideast Korea with HSP were studied. All patients had at least 6 months of follow up. Patients and ethnically matched controls were genotyped for IL-$1{\beta}$ gene polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Results : Thirty-four patients(all younger than 15 years old) who had been diagnosed with HSP and 27 controls were examined. No allele or genotype differences between the HSP and control groups were observed. No significant association between the carriage of IL-$1{\beta}$(-511) T allele and renal involvement(P=0.525, OR:1.417, CI:0.545-3.686) was found. Conclusion : In unselected patients with HSP, carriage of IL-$1{\beta}$(-511) T allele does not appear to influence renal involvement.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 1998

We investigated the in vivo effect of an aquous extract from Rhois Galla (R-G) on glucokinase and hexokinase activities of diabetes mellitus induced by interleukin-$1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$). After 1 week of alloxan injection, the levels of serum glucose and insulin secretion were dramatically increased, however, the insulin secretion was decreased with administration of R-G. $IL-1{\beta}$ injection allowed the serum glucose level increased and the level was decreased by R-G administration. Furthermore, we could observe that R-G was effective in recovering the levels of insulin secretion. Enzyme activities of the glucokinase and hexokinase were decreased by $IL-1{\beta}$ treatment In contrast, R-G administration to the mice allowed proportion increasing. Seemingly, when $IL-1{\beta}$ was injected to the mice, enzyme activities of the glucokinase and hexokinase were decreased. But, R-G stimulated induction of enzyme activities of the glucokinase and hexokinase as high as normal group. These results suggested that R-G is highly effective in treatment of diabetes mellitus.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.538-544
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• 1999

To elucidate the involvement of interleukin-$1{\beta}$ converting enzyme (ICE) in the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we induced EAE by immunizing rats with an emulsion of rat spinal cord homogenate with complete Freund's adjuvant supplemented with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Ra, 5mg/ml) and then examined the expression of ICE in the spinal cord of rats with EAE. In normal rat spinal cords, ICE is constitutively, but weakly, expressed in ependymal cells, neurons, and some neuroglial cells. In EAE, many inflammatory cells are positive for ICE, and the majority of ICE+ cells were identified as ED1+ macrophages. During this stage of EAE, the number of ICE+ cells in brain cells, including neurons and astrocytes, increased and these cells also had increased ICE immunoreactivity. These findings suggest that the upregulation of ICE in both brain cells and invading hematogenous cells is stimulated by a secretory product from inflammatory cells, and that this enzyme is involved in the pathogenesis of EAE via the production of IL-1 beta.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.269-274
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• 2002

A large number of factors such as osteotropic hormones, cytokines, or growth factors are related to the bone remodeling which is characterized by the coupling of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Recent investigations have indicated that cytokines such as $interleukin-1{\beta}\;(IL-1{\beta})$ and tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;(TNF-{\alpha})$ play a potential role in the bone resorption associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as inflammatory osteolytic disease. Collagen is the most abundant protein of the extracellular matrix of bone, and the participation of collagenase in bone resorption has been widely investigated. In this study, effects of $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ on the release of collagenase from osteoblastic cells were measured. The gelatinase activity was also measured by gel substrate analysis (zymography) after electrophoresis of conditioned media of osteoblastic cell culture. $IL-1{\beta}$ increased the collagenase activity in ROS17/2.8 and HOS cell culture. $TNF-{\alpha}$ also increased the collagenase activity of osteoblastic cells. When two kinds of cytokines were treated simultaneously in the culture of osteoblastic cells, synergistic increase of collagenase activity was seen in ROS17/2.8 cells. $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ significantly increased the collagenase activity after 6 hour treatment in the osteoblastic cell culture, and there was no additional increase according to the culture period. Osteoblastic cells released the gelatinase and molecular weight of this enzyme was measured about 70 KDa as assessed by zymogram. $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ showed increase of the gelatinase activity produced by ROS17/2.8 and HOS cells. Taken together, this study suggested that $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ can modulate bone metabolism, at least in part, by increased release of collagenase and gelatinase from osteoblasts.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.99-110
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• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the Anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extract from asiasari radix (AR) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in RAW 264.7 Cells Methods Anti-oxidative effects of AR were measured by scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RAW 264.7 cells. Anti-inflammatory effects of AR were measured by mediators including nitric oxide(NO), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necosis factors-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells. Results Total phenolic content was expressed $28.77{\pm}1.67$. DPPH radical Scavenging was increased depend on AR ethanol extract. ABAT radical Scavenging was increased depend on AR ethanol extract. Production of ROS was significantly decreased by AR ethanol extract on concentration of 100 (${\mu}g/ml$). Production of NO was significantly decreased by AR ethanol extract on concentration of $100({\mu}g/ml)$. Production of IL-$1{\beta}$, interleukin-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ were increased depend on AR ethanol extract. And Production of interleukin-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ were significantly decreased AR ethanol extract. iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression of RAW 264.7 cells was increased depend on AR ethanol extract. Conclusions According to this study, AR ethanol extract has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatoy effects.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.569-574
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We investigated the anti-osteoarthritic effects of deer bone extract on the gene expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen type II (COL2) in interleukin-$1{\beta}$-induced osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS: Primary rabbit chondrocytes were treated as follows: CON (PBS treatment), NC (IL-$1{\beta}$ treatment), PC (IL-$1{\beta}+100{\mu}g/mL$ glucosamine sulphate/chondroitin sulphate mixture), and DB (IL-$1{\beta}+100{\mu}g/mL$ deer bone extract). RESULTS: The results of the cell viability assay indicated that deer bone extract at doses ranging from 100 to $500{\mu}g/mL$ inhibits cell death in chondrocytes induced by IL-$1{\beta}$. Deer bone extract was able to significantly recover the mRNA expression of COL2 that was down-regulated by IL-$1{\beta}$ (NC: 0.79 vs. DB: 0.87, P < 0.05) and significantly decrease the mRNA expression of MMP-3 (NC: 2.24 vs. DB: 1.75) and -13 (NC: 1.28 vs. DB: 0.89) in OA chondrocytes (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that deer bone extract induces accumulation of COL2 through the down-regulation of MMPs in IL-$1{\beta}$-induced OA chondrocytes. Our results suggest that deer bone extract, which contains various components related to OA, including chondroitin sulphate, may possess anti-osteoarthritic properties and be of value in inhibiting the pathogenesis of OA.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.163-167
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• 2002

Purpose: Interleukin 1$\beta$ (IL-1$\beta$) polymorphisms are associated with hypochlorhydria, atrophic gastritis, and increased risk of gastric cancer in Caucasians. We tried to determine whether the IL-1.. and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 RN) genetic polymorphisms contribute to the development of gastric cancer and the specific type of gastritis in Korean. Materials and Methods: The study population was comprised of 128 gastric cancer patients with histologically proven carcinoma and 63 normal healthy individuals. Sixty-eight carcinomas were of intestinal-type and sixty tumors were of diffuse-type. No patient had a familial gastric cancer history. The 511 bp and 31 bp polymorphisms in the IL-1.. were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The polymorphism of the IL-1 RN was analyzed with variable number tandem repeat after PCR. Results: The genotype of 511C/-31T of IL-1$\beta$ and allele 1 of IL-1 RN was dominant in the present subjects. The allelic frequencies of the C allele IL-1$\beta$, which is a high risk genotype for gastric cancer, were 0.551 and 0.429 in gastric cancer and normal controls, respectively. Statistically, significant difference in allelic frequencies of three polymorphic sites between gastric cancer patients and normal controls, and between intestinal-type and diffuse-type was not observed. Conclusions: These results suggest that the polymorphisms of IL-1$\beta$ and IL-1 RN may not contribute to the development of Korean gastric caner and that other endogenous or exogenous factors will be important for gastric carcinogenesis.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.183.2-183.2
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• 1991