• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2012

Purpose: To develop a geometrical quality control real-time analysis program using an electronic portal imaging to replace film evaluation method. Materials and Methods: A geometrical quality control item was established with the Eclipse treatment planning system (Version 8.1, Varian, USA) after the Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID) took care of the problems occurring from the fixed substructure of the linear accelerator (CL-iX, Varian, USA). Electronic portal image (single exposure before plan) was created at the treatment room's 4DTC (Version 10.2, Varian, USA) and a beam was irradiated in accordance with each item. The gaining the entire electronic portal imaging at the Off-line review and was evaluated by a self-developed geometrical quality control real-time analysis program. As for evaluation methods, the intra-fraction error was analyzed by executing 5 times in a row under identical conditions and procedures on the same day, and in order to confirm the infer-fraction error, it was executed for 10 days under identical conditions of all procedures and was compared with the film evaluation method using an Iso-align$^{TM}$ quality control device. Measurement and analysis time was measured by sorting the time into from the device setup to data achievement and the time amount after the time until the completion of analysis and the convenience of the users and execution processes were compared. Results: The intra-fraction error values for each average 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.2 mm at light-radiation field coincidence, collimator rotation axis, couch rotation axis and gantry rotation axis. By checking the infer-fraction error through 10 days of continuous quality control, the error values obtained were average 1.7, 1.4, 0.7, 1.1 mm for each item. Also, the measurement times were average 36 minutes, 15 minutes for the film evaluation method and electronic portal imaging system, and the analysis times were average 30 minutes, 22 minutes. Conclusion: When conducting a geometrical quality control using an electronic portal imaging, it was found that it is efficient as a quality control tool. It not only reduces costs through not using films, but also reduces the measurement and analysis time which enhances user convenience and can improve the execution process by leaving out film developing procedures etc. Also, images done with evaluation from the self-developed geometrical quality control real-time analysis program, data processing is capable which supports the storage of information.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11b
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• pp.911-914
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• 2010

본 연구는 이동근무를 시행하는 종합병원 방사선사의 이동근무에 대한 태도와 조직몰입도를 파악하기 위하여 시도 하였으며, 연구의 대상은 대전지역 이동근무를 시행하는 종합병원 4곳의 방사선사 110명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하였다. 인구사회학적 특성은 성별은 남자가 많았으며 연령별로는 30~34세가 가장 많았으며 응답자 대다수가 부서이동 경험이 있었다. 정기적 근무부서 이동 필요성에 관한 문항은 대다수가 필요하다고 답하였으나 현 부서에서 이동 요구도는 비슷하게 나타났다. 근무부서 이동에 대한 태도의 영역별 점수에서는 전문직 발전이 가장 높게 나타났다. 인구사회학적 특성별 근무부서 이동에 대한 태도와 조직몰입의 차이검증에서는 성별, 결혼상태, 학력에 따라 유의한 차이는 없었으며 연령 19~29세에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 미혼인 경우에 전문직 발전과 개인발전, 공통욕구에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈으며 종교를 가지고 있는 공통욕구 부문에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 직무관련 특성에 따른 근무부서 이동에 대한 태도와 조직몰입의 차이검증에서는 월 급여 수준에서 199만원 이하의 전문직 발전과 개인발전, 현부서 근무기간 1년~5년의 개인발전에서는 유의한 차이를 나타냈으나 나머지 문항에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 월급여 수준에서 조직몰입은 250만원 이상이 가장 높게 나타났고, 근무유형에서는 정규직, 직위에서는 관리자가 조직몰입이 높게 나타났다. 11년 이상의 근무기간에서 병원에 대한 조직몰입이 높게 나타났다. 근무부서 이동 필요성에 대해서는 근무부서 이동이 필요하며 현 부서에서도 이동하는 것을 긍정적으로 생각하였으나 이동을 원하지 않는 경우에서 조직몰입이 높게 나타났다. 근무부서 이동에 대한 태도와 조직몰입도간의 상관관계에서 두 변수는 양의 상관관계가 있었고 이는 통계적으로 유의하였고, 근무부서 이동에 대한 4개의 영역 중에서 공통욕구만이 가장 큰 관련성을 나타냈다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합하여 보면 연령이 낮은 군에서는 이동근무를 원하고 조직 몰입이 낮으나 이와 반대로 연령이 높은 군에서는 이동근무를 원하지 않고 조직 몰입도 높게 나타났다. 또한 낮은 급여, 비정규직, 현 부서에서 이동을 원할수록 이동근무에 대해 긍정적인 점수가 높게 나타났다. 이동근무에 대한 태도는 대부분 전문직 발전이라는 이유에서 이동근무가 필요하다고 느꼈으나 현 부서에서 이동 유무는 비슷한 분포를 보였고, 조직몰입은 이동근무를 원하지 않는 경우에서 높게 나타났다. 조직몰입은 정규직이고, 연령이 높고, 관리자이며 연봉이 높을수록 높게 나타났다. 이는 안정적인 위치에 있을수록 조직몰입이 좋다는 걸 보여준다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2008

This study was conducted to develop a mobile tower-yarder with tractor for agriculture and forestry that is the efficient yarder in steep terrains, thinning operation and small scale logging operation. It was designed and manufactured that the power source of tower-yarder is equiped three hydraulic pump connected to PTO of tractor, and three hydraulic pump is used to operate the four motor for drum, the cylinder for clutch of interlocker, the cylinder for tower expanding and the out-rigger cylinder. It was to adopt the running skyline system and the inter-lock function, and to equip the double capstan drum, the storage drum and the clutch for interlock in the development of tower-yarder. It was to develop the tower-yarder which the winch torque of double-capstan drum, the traction force of double-capstan drum, the number of rotation of double-capstan drum and the line speed is $191kg{\cdot}m$, 1,910 kgf, 220.5 rpm and 138.5 m/min, respectively. And it was known that the optimum flange diameter of the main and haulback storage drum is about 360 mm and about 460 mm in order to storage the main line length of 250m and the haulback line length of 450 m. The carriage was made to adopt the running skyline system and to equip the lock function in order to the convenience of chocking and the fall down preventing of tree. It was provided to develop the wire remote controller for the inter-lock function, the convenience of control and the efficiency of yarding. In development process, this tower-yarder was attached the 3-point linkage hitch equipment and the tire wheel for the traction and moving of tower-yarder. Also, it was equipped that the out-rigger and the guy line in order to raise the safety and efficiency of yarding of tower-yarder.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.280-290
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• 2012

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of conventional and orthodontic mini-implant (OMI) anchorage on tooth movement and arch-dimension changes in the maxillary dentition in Class II division 1 (CII div.1) patients. Methods: CII div.1 patients treated with extraction of the maxillary first and mandibular second premolars and sliding mechanics were allotted to conventional anchorage group (CA, n = 12) or OMI anchorage group (OA, n = 12). Pre- and post-treatment three-dimensional virtual maxillary models were superimposed using the best-fit method. Linear, angular, and arch-dimension variables were measured with software program. Mann-Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were performed for statistical analysis. Results: Compared to the CA group, the OMI group showed more backward movement of the maxillary central and lateral incisors and canine (MXCI, MXLI, MXC, respectively; 1.6 mm, p < 0.001; 0.9 mm, p < 0.05; 1.2 mm, p < 0.001); more intrusion of the MXCI and MXC (1.3 mm, 0.5 mm, all p < 0.01); less forward movement of the maxillary second premolar, first, and second molars (MXP2, MXM1, MXM2, respectively; all 1.0 mm, all p < 0.05); less contraction of the MXP2 and MXM1 (0.7 mm, p < 0.05; 0.9 mm, p < 0.001); less mesial-in rotation of the MXM1 and MXM2 ($2.6^{\circ}$, $2.5^{\circ}$, all p < 0.05); and less decrease of the inter-MXP2, MXM1, and MXM2 widths (1.8 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, all p < 0.05). Conclusions: In treatment of CII div.1 malocclusion, OA provided better anchorage and less arch-dimension change in the maxillary posterior teeth than CA during en-masse retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.2 s.49
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• pp.129-142
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to estimate correlations of craniocervical posture and craniofacial morphology in Korean young adults. The sample consisted of 50 young adults (25 males and 25 females) who had good profile and Class I molar relationship. The analysis of craniocervical posture and craniofacial morphology was performed on lateral cephalograms taken in natural head position. The results were as follows, 1. The mean and the standard deviation of postural and morphologic variables were obtained. 2. Korean young adult had cervical lordosis of which degree between OPT and CVT shows $3.55{\pm}2.58^{\circ}$ 3. Craniocervical posture and each of vertical ratio, facial prognathism, mandibular rotation showed high correlation. 4. Correlation coefficients between postural variables and each of intermaxillary relation, anteroposterior ratio were low. 5. The head positioning error of natural head position was smaller than the inter-individual variability of postural variables.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.33 no.4 s.99
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• pp.235-245
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• 2003

The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of PNAM appliance and cheiloplasty on alveolar molding. Samples consisted of 16 unilateral cleft lip and palate infants (10 males and 6 female, mean age=37.0 days after birth, average alveolar cleft gap=10.46m), who were treated with PNAM appliances by one orthodontist and rotation- advancement cheiloplasty by one surgeon in Seoul National University Hospital. Average duration of alveolar molding treatment was 13.10 weeks and these patients were recalled at average 8.31 weeks after cheiloplasty. These patients' models were obtained at initial visit (T0, mean age : $37.0\pm27.89$ days after birth), after successful alveolar molding (T1, mean age : $119.25\pm40.18$ days after birth), and after cheilopasty (T2, mean age : $190.81\pm42.78$ days after birth). Seven linear and five angular variables were measured using 1 : 1 photometry and soft ware program(V-ceph. Cybermed. Seoul, Korea). Paired t-test was performed to investigate statistical significance at p<0.05 level. 1 The posterior parts of alveolar segments were the stable structures during alveolar molding treatment period and after cheiloplasty in infants. 2. The closure of cleft gap during alveolar molding was usually due to backward bending of the whole part of the greater segment. 3. Although forward growth of the greater segment was hindered by alveolar molding, it resumed after cheiloplasty. 4. Increase of anterior inter-segment angle after cheiloplasty was due to the molding effect of the lip scar pressure.