• 지식경영연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2013

As the importance of intellectual property rights for the 21st century challenge became prominent, many companies have been trying to secure many rights competitively. In particular, application numbers of patent that represents technology has been increased continuously. Korean companies were not exception; mainly in large companies, there have been continued the efforts to grow the number of patent applications in quantitative volume. But the issues that how viable patents the companies have, how effectively the companies manage, and how economically usable the patents are, are totally different from quantitative management level. As such, the issue is connected to how to assess the patent management level of companies. On the other side of quantitative growth of patent that companies hold, there are some problems such as the difficulties to determine if the patents hold substantial values, and the difficulties to determine whether the patent are managed effectively. In addition, as the numbers of patent application and registration of companies are increased, the cost for patent holding and managing increase. It is required to pay continuous attention to the cost of patent management because patent registration fee has a property that increases rapidly with time and burden for patentee become heavier. As a result of analysis and interpretation, we confirmed that quantitative management, particularly the number of patent applicant does not make positive impact on how to use patent after application. Rather, it is observed that the economical usage is influenced positively by the efforts of patent applicants such as considering for the time of patent examination, paying attention to receive patent registration decision. Therefore, this study shows that efforts patent applicants provide in management level after application time are important to maintain the value of patents.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2013

다양한 Intellectual Property(IP)로 이루어진 복잡한 SoC 테스트에 있어 테스트 비용 절감은 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 IEEE Std. 1500과 IEEE Std. 1149.7 인터페이스를 사용하여 적은 수의 핀 수로 IP 기반의 System-on-a-Chip(SoC) 테스트를 가능케 하는 테스트 구조를 제안한다. IEEE Std. 1500은 IP 기반의 SoC 테스트에 있어 각 IP를 테스트할 수 있는 독립된 접근 경로를 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 독립된 테스트 경로를 IEEE Std. 1149.7로 제어 가능하도록 구성함으로서 SoC의 테스트 핀 수를 2 핀으로 줄일 수 있게 한다. 본 기술은 Wafer 및 Package 수준 테스트에 요구되는 테스트 핀 수를 줄임으로서 동시에 테스트 가능한 대상회로의 수를 늘릴 수 있고, 결과적으로 전체적인 양산 테스트 비용을 크게 절감할 수 있게 한다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제13권
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• pp.1013-1032
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• 2000

At present, the scale of Electronic Commerce through internet has been rapidly increasing due to the development of information & communication technology, and aggregated to 2.4 billion dollar in America last year (1998). The market scale of worldwide electronic commerce is also presumed to be about 130 billion dollar in 2000, and to occupy more than 20% of the whole world trade in world 2020. Since the right of trademark, despite of being effective only in registered nations on the principle of territorialism, is unified on the cyber space of internet without domestic barrier or local limitation which make it easier to conduct the distribution of information rapidly through the address-internet domain name, those are very important that the systematic dispute-solving plan on problems such as decision of its Act and international jurisdiction to be established, in an effort to prevent the newly emerging dispute instances such as trademark infringement and improper competitiveness. In addition, it is natural that on the threshold of the electronic commerce age which formed with an unified area without the worldwide specific regulation, each country including us makes haste with the enactment of "electronic commerce Act" aiming at coming into force in 1999, in keeping with getting through "non-tariff law on electronic commerce" by U. S. parliament on May, 1998. In view of the properties of electronic commerce transactions through internet, there are the large curtailment of distributive channel, surmounting of restrictions on transaction area, space and time and the easy feedback with consumer and the cheap-required capital, from which the problems may arise - registration of trademark, the trademark infringement of domain name and the protection of prestigious trademark. Therefore, it is necessary to take the counter-measure, with a view of reviewing the infringement of trademark and domain name and the instances of each national precedent and to preventing the disputes. The improvement of the persistent system should be needed to propel the harmonious protection of those holding trademark right's credit and demanders' expectant profit by way of the righteous use of trademark.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.421-434
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• 2013

청소년들의 뇌는 급속한 변화를 겪는다. 그동안 신경해부학적 특성과 일반지능(IQ)과의 관련성을 알아보기 위한 연구가 지속적으로 이뤄져 왔으나 대부분 단편적이었다. 본 연구는 단순히 대뇌 피질 두께를 한 번 측정한 것이 아니고, 대뇌 피질 두께의 변화를 추적하여 일반지능과 그 변화 간의 관련성을 추정하였다. 건강한 청소년 75명(M=16세 4개월)을 5단계의 지능범주별로 나눈 뒤 6개월의 간격을 두고 MRI 촬영을 두 번씩 하여 대뇌 피질 두께 변화를 알아냈다. 그 결과 일반지능 범주별로 대뇌 피질 두께 변화에 차이가 크게 나타났다. 일반지능이 120 이상인 세 그룹은 관찰 대상인 11개 뇌 영역의 대뇌 피질 두께가 모두 감소했으나, 그 이하의 두 개 그룹에서는 지능이 낮을수록 늘어나는 영역이 5~8개나 됐다. 이는 일반지능이 낮을수록 대뇌피질의 성숙이 늦어지는 것으로 추정할 수 있다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2008

A nations' cultural heritage embodies its intellectual and spiritual contributions to its civilization of mankind. Cultural properties, whether tangible or intangible, represent both the essence and the basis of national cultures. Both the Philippines and South Korea's cultural heritages have survived various unfortunate chapters of their long histories. This study's purpose is to explore and evaluate the phenomenon of the architecture of Hahoe village in Andong city, Korea and Vigan city of Ilocos Sur, Philippines and to understand and cherish the cultural heritage of both countries. The historic city of Vigan has a unique architecture that blend Ilocano, Filipino, Chinese and Spanish styles in a tropical Asian setting, with a typical Spanish colonial urban layout as specified by the Ley Delas Indias. Hahoe village also represents a masterpiece of human creation and exhibit an important interchange of human values in architecture, monumental arts, town planning and landscape design. Though diverse in milieu, Hahoe village and Vigan city share a common phenomenon which is architecture that is called cultural heritage.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.65-82
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• 1999

We present a calculation model for an improved quantitative theoretical analysis of electronic and optical properties of strained-piezoelectric[111] InGaAs/GaAs superlattices (SLs). The model includes a full band-coupling between the four important energy bands: conduction, heavy, light, and spin split-off valence bands. The interactions between these and higher lying bands are treated by the k ${\cdot}$ p perturbation method. The model takes into account the differences in the band and strain parameters of constituent materials of the heterostructures by transforming it into an SL potential in the larger band-gap material region. It self-consistently solves an $8{\times}8$ effective-mass $Schr{\ddot{o}}dinger$ equation and the Hartree and exchange-correlation potential equations through the variational procedure proposed recently by the present first author and applied to calculate optical matrix elements and spontaneous emission rates. The model can be used to further elucidate the recent theoretical results and experimental observations of interesting properties of this type of quantum well and SL structures, including screening of piezoelectric field and its resultant optical nonlinearities for use in optoelectronic devices.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.527-545
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• 2008

One of the education purpose of the section "Figures" in the eighth grade is to develop students' deductive reasoning ability, which is basic and essential for living in a democratic society. However, most or middle school students feel much more difficulty or even frustration in the study of formal arguments for geometric situations than any other mathematical fields. It is owing to the big gap between inductive reasoning in elementary school education and deductive reasoning, which is not intuitive, in middle school education. Also, it is very burden for students to describe geometric statements exactly by using various appropriate symbols. Moreover, Usage of the same symbols for angle and angle measurement or segments and segments measurement makes students more confused. Since geometric relations is mainly determined by the measurements of geometric objects, students should be able to interpret the geometric properties to the algebraic properties, and vice verse. In this paper, we first compare and contrast inductive and deductive reasoning approaches to justify geometric facts and relations in school curricula. Convincing arguments are based on experiment and experience, then are developed from inductive reasoning to deductive proofs. We introduce teaching methods to help students's understanding for deductive reasoning in the textbook by using stepwise visualization materials. It is desirable that an effective proof instruction should be able to provide teaching methods and visual materials suitable for students' intellectual level and their own intuition.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.242-253
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• 2014

Morinda citrifolia, commercially known as Noni, is a tree that grows widely throughout the Pacific, and is recognized as one of the most significant sources of traditional medicines among Pacific Island societies. All parts of the plant have traditional and/or modern uses, including roots and bark(dyes, medicine), trunks(firewood, tools), and leaves and fruits(food, medicine). The bark and the roots of the tree contain red and yellow pigments respectively, which are both used in the manufacture of dyes. Dyes from Noni are being used traditionally, to color clothing and fabrics. In this study, mordanting effects on the dyeing properties of Noni root extract on silk fabrics were investigated.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2012

The objective of this research was to study the effect of pre-treatments before deep frying on the reduction in acrylamide formation, crispness and sensory properties of French fries. The acrylamide concentration was lower in pre-treated French fries before frying with citrus acid, ascorbic acid and salt solution than that in untreated French fries. Crispness, moisture and fat contents, color, texture and overall acceptability of pre-treated French fries were not significantly different compared to those in control. Therefore, French fries pre-treated with citrus acid, ascorbic acid and salt solution before frying had good sensory properties, and reduced acrylamide formation.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.78-91
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• 2016

To counter-attack against piracy, the movie industry is continuously developing new technologies for the protection of intellectual properties, only to find them instantly useless especially in the digital age. This study shifts the focus from technology to customer behavior, and analyzes customer behaviors vis-à-vis piracy using economic models. The theoretical model of optimal holdback strategy under the threat of piracy was derived and the result shows that holdback can be used as a tool not only for hedging the loss due to piracy, but also for reducing piracy. Based on the theoretical model, we suggested proper holdback strategy for each type of movie piracy.