• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.272-276
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• 2020

This paper presents an optimization process for a catamaran hull form. The entire optimization process was managed using the CAD-CFD integration platform CAESES. The resistance of the demi-hull was simulated in calm water using the CFD solver STAR-CCM+, and an inviscid fluid model was used to reduce the computing time. The Free-Form Deformation (FFD) method was used to make local changes in the bulbous bow. For the optimization of the bulbous bow, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA)-II was applied, and the optimization variables were the length, breadth, and angle between the bulbous bow and the base line. The Lackenby method was used for global variation of the bow of the hull. Nine hull forms were generated by moving the center of buoyancy while keeping the displacement constant. The optimum bow part was selected by comparing the resistance of the forms. After obtaining the optimum demi-hull, the distance between two demi-hulls was optimized. The results show that the proposed optimization sequence can be used to reduce the resistance of a catamaran in calm water.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.983-989
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• 2005

The effects of mechanical parameters on the characteristics of chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) can be directly evaluated by friction force. The piezoelectric quartz sensor for friction force measurement was installed, and friction force could be detected during CMP process. Furthermore, friction energy can be calculated by multiplying relative velocity by integration of the friction force throughout the polishing time. $SiO_2$ slurry for interlayer dielectric(ILD) CMP was used in this experiment to consider the relation of frictional characteristics and polishing results. From this experiment, it is proven that the friction energy is an essential factor of removal rate. Also, the friction force is related to removal amount per unit length(dH/ds) and friction energy has corelation to the removal rate(dH/dt) and process temporature. Moreover, within wafer non-unifornity(WIWNU) is related to coefficient of friction because of the mechanical moment equilibrium. Therefore, the prediction of polishing result would be possible by measuring friction force.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권5A호
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• pp.674-681
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• 2000

제작 공정이 단순하고 결합길이가 매우 짧은 폴리머를 이용한 수직형 비대칭 광 결합기를 새로이 제안하였다. 제안된 소자의 결합 특성을 분석하여 최적화를 도모하였다. 광통신 파장대인 1.33$\mu\textrm{m}$, TE모드에서 중간 버퍼층 두께 t=0.4$\mu\textrm{m}$이고, nu=1.522, n1=1.51이고 nt=1.49일 때, 결합길이가 277$\mu\textrm{m}$이며, 최고 94%의 결합효율을 얻을 수 있었다. 이는 전체 소자길이를 감소시켜, 도파 손실을 줄일 수 있으며, 고직적화는 물론 공정의 단순화로 인한 생산 시간 및 비용 절감과 향 후 광 스위치나 변조기로의 응용도 기대된다.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2006

상업용으로 계통에 연계되어 운전되는 대부분의 풍력발전기는 유도발전기가 주로 사용되고 있으며 동기발전기와 다른 양상을 보이고 있어 계통에서의 사고발생 후 정상상태로 복귀할 수 있는 최대의 시간(임계 제거시간)을 이용하여 과도상태를 해석하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 풍력 발전시스템이 연계된 계통에 대해 임계 제거시간에 미치는 요인을 분석하였으며 계통해석 프로그램인 Digsilent Power Factory를 이용하였다. 임계 제거시간에 미치는 요인으로는 연계되는 계통의 단락용량(단락전류). 풍력발전 용량, 풍력발전기 역률, 풍력 발전시스템과 연계되는 계통사이의 전용선 길이, 부하 용량이나 역률 등이 있으며 이들의 변화에 대한 임계 제거시간의 영향을 분석하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.400-404
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• 2001

최근 새로운 인간 내생 레트로바이러스 패밀리(HERAV-S)가 인간의 X 염색체상에서 동정 되었다. 그 길이는 6.7kb 이며 LTR-gag-pol-env-LTR의 일반적인 레트로바이러스의 구조를 가졌다. PCR 방법과 염기서열분석을 통하여 인간 게놈 DNA에서 HERV-S LTR 패밀리를 동정하였다. 네 개의 LTR엘리먼트(HSL-1, HSL-5, HSL-10, HSL-11)가 동정 되었으며, 이들은 HERV-S LLR 패밀리는 영장류의 진화과정에서 진화적인 분기를 통해 주된 2개의 그룹으로 나뉘어졌다. 영장류에서 이러한 HERV-S LTR들의 연구가 이루어진다면 이들의 영장류 게놈 내의 삽입시기를 알 수 있고 또한 인류의 진화를 이해하는데 크게 이바지 할 것이다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.182-186
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• 2014

Recently, the use of panoramic radiography has shown a constant increase, and significant research is underway. However, radiation exposure attracts less attention in dental radiography than in other types of radiography. We used an OSLD for measurement of the entrance skin dose in eyeballs and the thyroid region, both of which are not covered by examinations but are included in radiographical regions and are sensitive to radiation, as well as orally in Incheon and reported the results. The entrance skin dose was 0.0282 mSv on average for the oral region, and 0.0259 mSv on average for the eyeball, and 0.0261mSv on average, for thyroid gland. While there is no proper shielding method for the eyeball, a thyroid protector is not used by most hospitals and most hospitals are equipped with an apron and a thyroid protector separately; thus, it is necessary to use an integration of an apron and a thyroid protector and medical device manufacturers need to develop a method for controlling the length of the slit in the slit-type area of radiation occurrence in order to reduce unnecessary exposure.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.579-599
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• 2016

In this study, static bending of edge cracked micro beams is studied analytically under uniformly distributed transverse loading based on modified couple stress theory. The cracked beam is modelled using a proper modification of the classical cracked-beam theory consisting of two sub-beams connected through a massless elastic rotational spring. The deflection curve expressions of the edge cracked microbeam segments separated by the rotational spring are determined by the Integration method. The elastic curve functions of the edge cracked micro beams are obtained in explicit form for cantilever and simply supported beams. In order to establish the accuracy of the present formulation and results, the deflections are obtained, and compared with the published results available in the literature. Good agreement is observed. In the numerical study, the elastic deflections of the edge cracked micro beams are calculated and discussed for different crack positions, different lengths of the beam, different length scale parameter, different crack depths, and some typical boundary conditions. Also, the difference between the classical beam theory and modified couple stress theory is investigated for static bending of edge cracked microbeams. It is believed that the tabulated results will be a reference with which other researchers can compare their results.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.59-66
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• 1995

점소성이론을 이용하여 충격하중을 받는 구조물의 거동을 하중시간에 따라 조사하였다. 점소성이론은 재료의 소성특성과 시간변화특성을 나타내는 Rheology 이론을 동시에 고려한 이론이다. 점소성 구성방정식을 구한 후, 이를 이차원 유한요소해석프로그램에서 심어서 평면응력, 평면 변형률, 축대칭 구조물의 동적 거동을 해석할 수 있도록 기존프로그램을 수정.개발하였다. Perzyna에 의한 점소성 구성방정식은 유한요소해석에서 Explicit 적분법을 사용해야 하는데 반하여, 본 연구에서 구한 구성방정식은 Implicit 적분법을 적용할 수 있도록 Algorithm을 개발하였다. 다양한 하중시간을 갖는 충격하중을 선택한 구조물에 가해 해석한 결과, 하중시간이 길수록 변형이 증가하여 점소성 거동을 하며, 높은 고유진동수 성분이 점소성거동으로 거의 소멸된다는 결론을 얻었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.691-696
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• 2005

In asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks, fixed length cells of 53 bytes are transmitted. A cell may be discarded during transmission due to buffer overflow or a detection of errors. Cell discarding seriously degrades transmission quality. The quality degradation can be reduced by employing efficient forward error control (FEC) to recover discarded cells. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of decoding equipment for FEC in ATM networks based on a single parity check (SPC) product code using very-large-scale integration (VLSI) technology. FEC allows the destination to reconstruct missing data cells by using redundant parity cells that the source adds to each block of data cells. The functionality of the design has been tested using the Model Sim 5.7cXE Simulation Package. The design has been implemented for a $5{\times}5$ matrix of data cells in a Virtex-E XCV 3200E FG1156 device. The simulation and synthesis results show that the decoding function can be completed in 81 clock cycles with an optimum clock of 56.8 MHz. A test bench was written to study the performance of the decoder, and the results are presented.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.184-190
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• 2008

This paper describes a message model based on XML (eXtensible Markup Language) to present real-time data from sensors and instruments at manufacturing processes for web service. HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) is inadequate for describing real-time data from process control plants while it is suitable for displaying non-real-time multimedia data on web. For XML-based web service of process data, XML format for the data presentation was proposed after investigating data of various instruments at steel-making plants. Considering transmission delay inevitably caused from increased message length and processing delay from transformation of raw data into defined format, which was critical for operation of a real-time system, its performance was evaluated by simulation. In the simulation, we assumed two implementation models for conducting the transformation function. In one model, transformation was done at an SCC (Supervisory Control Computer) after receiving real-time data from instruments. In the other model, transformation had been carried out at instruments before the data were transmitted to the SCC. Various tests had been conducted under different conditions of offered loads and data lengths and their results were described.