• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.46-47
• /
• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2017.10a
• /
• pp.135-136
• /
• 2017

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 2014

The Fukushima Dai-Ichi accident in 2011 has affected various aspects of the nuclear society worldwide. The accident revealed some problems in the conventional approaches used to ensure the safety of nuclear installations. To prevent such disastrous accidents in the future, we have to learn from them and improve the conventional approaches in a more systematic manner. In this paper, we will cover three issues. The first is to identify the key issues that affected the progress of the Fukushima Dai-Ichi accident greatly. We examine the accident from a defense-in-depth point of view to identify such issues. The second is to develop a more systematic approach to enhance the safety of nuclear installations. We reexamine nuclear safety from a risk point of view. We use the concepts of residual and unknown risks in classifying the risk space. All possible accident scenarios types are reviewed to clarify the characteristics of the identified issues. An approach is proposed to improve our conventional approaches used to ensure nuclear safety including the design of safety features and the safety assessments from a risk point of view. Finally, we address some issues to be improved in the conventional risk assessment and management framework and/or practices to enhance nuclear safety.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify factors associated with high-risk drinking in Korean men. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VIII-2), 2020. Data were downloaded from the KNHANES website. The subjects of this study were 1,653 alcohol-drinking men between 19 and 64 years of age. Data were analyzed using the Rao-Scott chi-square test and complex sample logistic regression statistics. Results: The high-risk drinking rate among alcohol-drinking men was 27.1%. High-risk drinking was more common in men who smoked (odds ratio [OR] = 2.11, p < .001), men with a middle school education or lower (OR = 1.91, p = .016), men who lived with a spouse (OR = 1.61, p = .025), men who slept less than 6 hours on weekends (OR = 1.51, p = .016), and men who perceived stress (OR = 1.30, p = .044), while it was lower in men who were underweight (OR = 0.19, p = .006). Conclusion: To reduce the rate of high-risk drinking, it is necessary to provide an intervention that considers factors associated with high-risk drinking among men. In particular, smoking was the most important factor associated with high-risk drinking, implying that the integrated management of drinking and smoking is necessary to reduce high-risk drinking.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.549-555
• /
• 2016

This study was an evaluation of the significance of each parameter through aimed at pregnant women subjected to screening test(integrated test) in predicting risk of Down syndrome. We retrospectively analysed the correlation of risk of Down's syndrome with Nuchal Translucency(NT) images measured by ultrasound, Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A(PAPP-A), alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), unconjugated estriol(uE3), human chorionic gonadotrophin(hCG) and Inhibin A by maternal serum. As a result, a significant correlation with NT, uE3, hCG, Inhibin A is revealed with Down's syndrome risk(P<.001). In ROC analysis, AUC of Inhibin A is analysed as the biggest predictor of Down's syndrome(0.859). And the criterion for cut-off was inhibin A 1.4 MoM(sensitivity 81.8%, specificity 75.9%). In conclusion, Inhibin A was the most useful in parameters to predict Down's syndrome in the integrated test. If we make up for the weakness based on the cut-off value of parameters they will be able to be used as an independent indicator in the risk of Down's syndrome screening.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.248-257
• /
• 2009

In this paper, human exposure and risk of environmental pollutants were predicted using an emission assessment model and multimedia fate model. Eight environmental pollutants, acetaldehyde, acrylonitrile, aniline, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, formaldehyde and vinyl chloride, were selected for the risk assessment in an urban and industrial area in Korea. The emission rate of target pollutants were estimated after considering a variety of point and non-point emission sources including geographical information. A spatially refined multimedia fate model was applied to predict the environmental concentration and fate of pollutants. Hazard data of target materials were obtained from the IRIS(Integrated Risk Information System) database. Using the modeling results with hazard data, the human risks were assessed. Modeling results demonstrate that the considerable risks were observed for several pollutants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.88-93
• /
• 2003

The Process Safety Management (PSM) by the Law of Industry, Safety and Health has been performed for preventing major accidents of chemical plants since 1996. In terms of preventing chemical accidents more precisely, it is essential to develop a tool for quantitative risk assessment. For this, KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency) developed an Integrated Risk Management System (IRMS). The system is designed to assimilate data on chemical plant hazards from external database, to integrate these data with location information(topographic and demographic), and to make them user-friendly accessible. The system consists of several main functions: display of five major Korean petrochemical complex layout display of equipment layout with its information utilizing the external database, zonation of the hazard effected area with consequence analyses, the most probable accident scenario generation, accident/incident database and calculation of frequency of accident using equipment reliability database, etc. The highlight of IRMS is to provide the risk contours using GIS(Geographical Information System) technology. IRMS is intended to manage hazardous installation more systematically and effectively, to reduce the number of accident remarkably, further minimizing production loss in the plant. The system is now under application to about 500 PSM sites as well as and emergency authorities in Korea by KOSHA (Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency)

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.1540-1553
• /
• 2019

A nuclear power plant (NPP) is a highly complex system-of-systems as manifested through its internal systems interdependence. The negative impact of such interdependence was demonstrated through the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. As such, there is a critical need for new strategies to overcome the limitations of current risk assessment techniques (e.g. the use of static event and fault tree schemes), particularly through simulation of the nonlinear dynamic feedback mechanisms between the different NPP systems/components. As the first and key step towards developing an integrated NPP dynamic probabilistic risk assessment platform that can account for such feedback mechanisms, the current study adopts a system dynamics simulation approach to model the thermal dynamic processes in: the reactor core; the secondary coolant system; and the pressurized water reactor. The reactor core and secondary coolant system parameters used to develop system dynamics models are based on those of the Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station. These three system dynamics models are subsequently validated, using results from published work, under different system perturbations including the change in reactivity, the steam valve coefficient, the primary coolant flow, and others. Moving forward, the developed system dynamics models can be integrated with other interacting processes within a NPP to form the basis of a dynamic system-level (systemic) risk assessment tool.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.139-143
• /
• 2010

The small and medium construction companies are facing potential EHS(Environment, Health & Safety) of major accidents to cause casualties or a financial loss and increasing social responsibility. So, they have to voluntarily accomplish the EHS management system rather than passively with regard to EHS regulation. In this study, the framework of integrated EHS management system is developed based on cloud computing, and construction companies are to materialize self-regulation EHS process of construction workplace and to standardize the total EHS business process using the developed system. The proposed system also provides risk analysis, education/control and continuous improvement for EHS tasks and users can easily access the system on the web at a low price through cloud computing service. Eventually, the integrated system contributes to the managerial improvement by minimizing economic and physical loss caused by construction accidents.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.54-63
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to develop an integrated breast health program for prevention and early detection of breast cancer, integrating primary and secondary prevention factors using cognitive-behavioral strategies. Method: This methodological study conducted as follows; Selection of components for the program through a literature review, survey to identify women's knowledge and risk perception of breast cancer and diet, and building prototype for the program using discussion based on findings. Using structured questionnaires, interviews were done with 130 women aged 40-59 who lived in a rural area. Result: Primary prevention (diet pattern, knowledge about breast cancer, and risk perception) and secondary prevention (early detection behaviors) factors were identified through the literature review. The survey showed that women lack knowledge and awareness about the risks of breast cancer, and have a low compliance rate for early detection behavior. Based on these results, a program was developed utilizing counseling and models to provide education and practice related to diet, breast cancer, and early detection behaviors. Conclusion: Use of this integrated and tailored breast health program with women at risk will contribute to better breast health, but further study is needed to verify the effects.