• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.443-448
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• 2004

The Ministry of Maritime Affairs & Fisheries have plaining the advancing fishery information integrated system for the fishing present condition, marine resource administration and applicability considering. The fishery info17nation communication system is build up to the raw data & process-network-content. The communication system must be small size, low cost and adapted SSB transceiver, that is using fishery shipping. In this paper We present digital data communication network to exchange information for fishery and safety between fishing ship and coast station in cheeper communication fee using SSB in HF band.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.95-103
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• 2016

Food habit forming the basis for a lifetime of food and nutrient intake is established in early childhood and has an effect to the child's growth, sociality, and obesity. A variety of nutrition screening tools exists for assessing the health and nutrition status of children such as the Growth Curve, for determining if growth is appropriate. Body mass index(BMI) as a more reliable index of overweight to prevent childhood obesity, and Nutrition Quotient(NQ) and eating behaviors questionnaire for young children and parents to estimate their nutrient intake adequate or not. Such tools are mainly used by health practitioners, such as doctor and dietitian to provide nutrition intervention services to children at risk, especially and are not easy to use for general parents, who need assessment at any time and at any place. We propose Growth Assistance System for infants and children, which is possible to assess their physical condition, nutritional status, and eating behavior integrated. To be convenient and portable, it is implemented over the smartphone as an application. The system offers the growth charts, the BMI curves, NQ and eating behavior questionnaire to take a monitoring and the functionalities operate well. We hereby expect this system support the normal growth and development of infants and young children. And also support for the health practitioner (dietitians and nutritionists) to take a role in providing nutrition counseling and education to children needing nutrition services.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.18 no.2 s.23
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• pp.105-106
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• 2004

The NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index) dataset is unique or main tool to assess the global, multi seasonal, multi annual, and multi spectral changes over the World. These features are useful for environmental studies in particular, for the vegetation coverage monitoring of the country as Mongolia, where are large pastureland and pastoral animal husbandry, which dependent on natural conditions. Pasture vegetation cover is changing accordingly with both of global climate change and anthropogenic effect or human impacts. Using past 20 years (1982-2001) NDVI derived from NOAA satellite, its dynamical trend has been decreased in all natural zones differently. Also applied the method named "Two Years Differences" which could calculate the number of years with increased or decreased NDVI values at the same place. From May to September have occurred the 9 years maximum decreases of NDVI over Mongolia, but it obtained differently in spatial and temporal scale. In 24.4 ? 32.7% of all territory occurred one year decrease of NDVI and in 18% occurred more than 3 years frequent decrease of NDVI. According to the linear trend of NDVI and in 18% occurred more than 3 years frequent decrease of NDVI dynamics over 69% of whole territory of Mongolia NDVI values had been decreased due to both natural and human induced impacts to the pasture condition. In this paper also included some results of the integrated analyses of NOAA/NDVI and ground truth data over Monglia separately by natural zones.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.43-51
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• 2008

This study is to evaluate the NPP (Net Primary Production) distribution in the Geum River basin from NOAA/AVHRR satellite imagery data. It is supposed that the natural vegetation condition and the NPP has the linear relationship. The NPP from natural vegetation increases proportional to the annual net radiation (Rn), where radiative dryness index (RDI) is a proportional constant connecting net radiation to NPP. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used for monitoring vegetation change, and iNDVI (integrated NDVI) for annual analysis. The iNDVI has a close relation to Rn and NPP, which can be used effectively for estimating NPP distribution of where the meteorological data is unavailable. The purpose of this study is to propose a simple method to get NPP in the Geum river basin.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.475-484
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• 2008

The word 'Saemangeum' indicates an estuarine tidal flat in the southwestern part of the Korean peninsula. The Saemangeum Reclamation Project was launched as a national project in 1991 to reclaim a large coastal area of $401\;km^2$ by constructing a 33-km long dyke. The final dyke enclosure in April 2006 has transformed the tidal flat into lake and land. An integrated oceanographic study has been conducted since 2002 as a part of the Government Action Plan to monitor and assess changes in the marine environment. Prior to the dyke enclosure, the coastal environment in the Saemangeum was a complex system governed by tidal motion, estuarine processes, and coastal circulation of the Yellow Sea. The dyke construction has radically changed not only the estuarine tidal system inside the dyke, but also the coastal marine environment outside the dyke. Post to the dyke enclosure, subsequent changes such as red tide, hypoxia, and coastal erosion/deposition occur successively. Red tides appear almost the year round in the inner area. Even under the condition that the sluice gates are fully open, the water quality does not improve as much as the developers would expect, mainly due to the critical reduction of the hydrodynamic stirring power. We will introduce details of our monitoring program and significant changes in the Saemangeum marine environment, based on observations and model results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.176-180
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• 2001

There are several factors causing re-work in CMP process such as improper polish time calculation by operator. removal rate decline of the polisher, unstable in-suit pad conditioning, slurry supply module problem and wafer carrier rotation inconsistancy. And conclusively those fundimental reason for the re-work rate increasement is mainly from the cycle time delay between wafer polish and post measurement. Therefore, Wafer thickness measurement in wet condition could be able to remove those improper process conditions which may happen during the process in comparison with the conventional dried wafer measurement system and it can be able to reduce the CMP process cycle time. CMP scrap reduction by overpolish, re-work rate reduction, thickness control efficiency also can be easily achieved. CMP Equipment manufacturer also trying to develop integrated system which has multi-head & platen, cleaner, pre & post thickness measure and even control the polish time from the calculated removal rate of each polishing head by software. CMP re-work problem such as over & under polish by target thickness may result in the cycle time delay. By reducing those inefficient factors during the process and establish of the automatic process control, CLC system need to be adopted to maximize the process performance. Wafer to Wafer Polish Time Feed Back Control by measuring the wafer right after the polish shorten the polish time calculation for the next wafer and it lead to the perfact Post CMP target thickness control capability. By Monitoring all of the processed the wafer, CMP process will also be stabilize itself.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.176-180
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• 2001

There are several factors causing re-work in CMP process such as improper polish time calculation by operator, removal rate decline of the polisher, unstable in-suit pad conditioning, slurry supply module problem and wafer carrier rotation inconsistency. And conclusively those fundimental reason for the re-work rate increasement is mainly from the cycle time delay between wafer polish and post measurement. Therefore, Wafer thickness measurement in wet condition could be able to remove those improper process conditions which may happen during the process in comparison with the conventional dried wafer measurement system and it can be able to reduce the CMP process cycle time. CMP scrap reduction by overpolish, re-work rate reduction, thickness control efficiency also can be easily achieved. CMP Equipment manufacturer also trying to develop integrated system which has multi-head & platen, cleaner, pre & post thickness measure and even control the polish time from the calculated removal rate of each polishing head by software. CMP re-work problem such as over & under polish by target thickness may result in the cycle time delay. By reducing those inefficient factors during the process and establish of the automatic process control, CLC system need to be adopted to maximize the process performance. Wafer to Wafer Polish Time Feed Back Control by measuring the wafer right after the polish shorten the polish time calculation for the next wafer and it lead to the perfect Post CMP target thickness control capability. By Monitoring all of the processed the wafer, CMP process will also be stabilize itself.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.111-121
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• 2008

Using variable speed limits (VSL) is a key strategy for preventing traffic accidents and alleviating traffic congestion. This study proposes an algorithm to operate VSLs on freeways for traffic safety. The proposed algorithm consists of two components based on accident likelihood estimation and analysis of safe stopping distance under various environmental conditions. A binary logistic regression technique is used for estimating accident likelihood. It is expected that the proposed algorithm would be successfully applied in practice in support of an integrated traffic and environmental condition monitoring system. Technical issues associated with the field implementation are also discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

Currently, the operation rule of agricultural reservoirs in case of drought events follows the drought forecast warning standard of agricultural water supply. However, it is difficult to preemptively manage drought in individual reservoirs because drought forecasting standards are set according to average reservoir storage ratio such as 70%, 60%, 50%, and 40%. The equal standards based on average water level across the country could not reflect the actual drought situation in the region. In this study, we proposed the improvement of drought operation rule for agricultural reservoirs based on the percentile approach using past water level of each reservoir. The percentile approach is applied to monitor drought conditions and determine drought criteria in the U.S. Drought Monitoring (USDM). We applied the drought operation rule to reservoir storage rate in extreme 2017 spring drought year, the one of the most climatologically driest spring seasons over the 1961-2021 period of record. We counted frequency of each drought criteria which are existing and developed operation rules to compare drought operation rule determining the actual drought conditions during 2016-2017. As a result of comparing the current standard and the percentile standard with SPI6, the percentile standard showed severe-level when SPI6 showed severe drought condition, but the current standard fell short of the results. Results can be used to improve the drought operation criteria of drought events that better reflects the actual drought conditions in agricultural reservoirs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.55-67
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• 2022

Land use is a critical factor that affects the hydrological characteristics of watersheds, thereby determining the biological condition of streams. This study analyzes the effects of land uses in the watersheds on biological indicators of streams across the Han River basin using a linear model (LM) and generalized additive model (GAM). LULC and biological monitoring data of streams were obtained from the Korean Ministry of Environment. The proportions of urban, agricultural, and forest areas in the watersheds were regressed to the three biological indicators, including diatom, benthic macroinvertebrate, and fish of streams. The estimated LM and GAM models for the biological indicators were then compared, using regression determination R² and AIC values. The results revealed that GAM models performed better than the LM models in explaining the variances of biological indicators of streams, indicating the non-linear relationships between biological indicators and land uses in watersheds. Also, the results suggested that the indicator of macroinvertebrates was the most sensitive indicator to land uses in watersheds. Although non-linear relationships between watershed land uses and biological indicators of streams could vary among biological indicators, it was consistent that streams' biological integrity significantly deteriorated by a relatively low percentage of urban areas. Meanwhile, biological indicators of streams were negatively affected by the relatively high percentage of agricultural areas. The results of this study can be integrated into effective quantitative criteria for the watershed management and land use plans to enhance the biological integrity of streams. In specific, land uses management plans in watersheds may need more close attention to urban land use changes than agricultural land uses to sustain the biological integrity of streams.