• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2010

Although the subject of sprinkler installations in Korean regulations is less strict than in other advanced countries, many building owners and managers tend to install sprinklers only in the types of buildings designated by law or create building designs for which sprinkler installation standards are not applied. This is because priority is given to cutting installation expenses rather than providing building fire safety. In this study, the benefit is estimated for various expenses from installation and maintenance of sprinklers as an investment. As a result of comparing sprinkler system installation expense and the financial benefit by efficiency analysis, the payback period is 1/20 of the building life expectancy and its efficiency is twice the expense. Therefore, installation of sprinklers by regulation has financial efficiency and it is desirable to broadly encourage the installation of sprinklers.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.927-939
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• 2012

Cool roofs are currently being emerged as one of important mechanism to save energy in relation to the building. Although green roof has already gained nation-wide recognition as a typical method of energy saving in the roof, this approach did not provide a realistic evidence that is economically feasible in terms of installation cost. This research is primarily intended to compare installation cost between the two techniques. This research proposes a comparative evaluation framework in a more objective and quantitative way for an installation cost between the two techniques. Kyungpook National University (KNU) was selected as a survey objective and an exhaustive and realistic comparison of installation cost between the two techniques was conducted, based on Life Cycle Cost analysis (initial investment cost, maintenance cost, dismantling and waste disposal expense). It was possible to identify that installation cost of cool roofs is 4.7 times cheaper than that of green roof. Also present value based on probabilistic approach was identified as 0.25 (4.95) higher than the installation cost on the assumption of constant price and interest. It is expected that much more installation cost for the large scale green roof will be required since small-size green roof selected as a survey objective in this study could be operated under less initial installation and maintenance condition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.74-82
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• 2001

To reduce the maintenance expense and the possibility of electric outage and/or accident, which causes the decrease in stability and reliability of transmission/distribution line, most of all, accurate measurement for the degree of contamination should be preceded. But the conventional method (brush wiping method), which is recommended in IEC 60815, has sow significant problem in the aspect of man power, expense, error, and so forth. In this investigation, we purpose the development of a new type automatic measuring apparatus, which could measure the degree of contamination on the surface of insulator in outdoor condition. To design and evaluate the apparatus, a FLUX 2D is used, and various laboratory tests, artificial contamination tests, were carried to proof the actual performance. With the result of these effort, we can get the meaningful conclusion to develope a new type automatic apparatus for contamination measurement.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1707-1713
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• 2007

If GNSS-based location information, expected to become the mainstream of the future technology, is applied to the future transportation, it will be of benefit to as follows; cost reducing effects on operating expanse and constructing expense due to decrease of ground unit installation, development of new technologies for train, or vehicle control system and becoming a front runner in the market. Therefore, this paper provides the minimum requirements for GNSS based system thru the studies on the applicability of GNSS based system to railway system, distinctions of the new technology between the existing technologies, and location accuracy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.393-396
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• 2007

Recently one level higher intelligent switching board than established one by the application of intelligent building and digital system are being constructed. Therefore facility's high efficiency, high degree satisfaction, miniaturaization, standardization through application of communication technology and monitoring and controlling by computer system utilized by web-basis power control system and electric IT are practiced. Especially network must be constructed through unified IBS server that monitors every educational institute's switching boards in real time control system. And I intend to create methods to save energy and raise electricity quality by power demand prediction and remote-controled management and operation. In this thesis I intend to suggest measures of forming unified system through researching educational institute's ways of constructing switching board and status analysis and overcoming technical difficulties in user's side and saving and maintenance expense.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

It is important to grasp the accurate lighting level for appropriate maintenance of the road lighting equipment. It is developed 2 division illuminance measurement systems. This system has a small size and no need to block the way and achieves the speedy measurement and high accuracy data in automatically measurement. As a result, this system can save expense and time to measure roadway lighting.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.67-72
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• 2011

Recently, photovoltaic generator system is widely extended by energy policy of the government. Add to this, for high efficiency of power generation per natural light unit area is needed to sun tracking system. And it is needed to condensed light generator for reducer of equipment expense. As method of solving this problem, this paper is developed multi-flat reflector sun tracking system for sun photocell maximum power generation. The system is consisted of multi-flat reflector and two axes machinery and sun location perceiver and AVR controller. GaAs 3J cell generated 6.75 times power more than silicon cell by times condensing light system. As a result, condensing light system of multi-flat reflector generated maximum power and showed reducing costs to photovoltaic generator.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.156-160
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• 2012

Recently WCDMA signal transmission technology by large output microwave antenna have showed reduction of human resources and operating expense. But the existing antenna brackets cost is very expensive also its structure and functions are complicated. Unit brackets, suspending some sensors, subjected to acceleration loads, often fail due to self-vibration. To prevent such failures, it is necessary to understand the fatigue failure mode and to evaluate the fatigue life using tests or analysis techniques. The objective of this study is to develop the component test specifications, which are applicable to predict fatigue life at initial product design step, for unit brackets using vibration fatigue technique. So its application is limited to installation and management. In this project, we studied about more convenient bracket for microwave antennas through improvement on the existing antenna bracket's shortcoming and could develop an improved universal antenna bracket system for simple installation and application.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.04b
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• pp.58-60
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• 2007

This paper introduces the IN-FLEX system using aluminum clad flex cable, which is expected to alternate the conventional wiring method, such as, a steel pipe wiring method, and a synthetic resin pipe wiring method. The aluminum clad flex cable has a superior operation characteristics in heat dissipation property, in installation and maintenance facility, flammability, and appearance. Moreover, the IN-FLEX system adopted an easy connection mechanism which enable to reduce the time, hands and expense for the installation and maintenance of the system. Certification tests verifying the superior operation characteristics and reliability of the system using aluminum clad flex cable were carried with standard method in KOLAS certification institute.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.185-192
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• 2019

In this study, we, through case studies, formulated a method to implement net-zero energy daycare center at the current insulation and technology level, and calculated its energy expense. The reference model was a medium sized daycare center whose number of children was 99. We analyzed the energy consumption status for the reference model and developed TRNSYS simulation analytical model to realize net-zero energy . We assumed the reference model to be "All Electric Building" where all energy including cooking is supplied by electricity. The result is summarized as follows: First, the annual electricity consumption of daycare center was 53,291kWh. Plug load occupied the largest share of 48% followed by lighting, 10%, cooling, 9%, cooking, 9%, heating, 8%, hot water, 5% and ventilation, 2%. Second, the photovoltaic installation capacity to realize net-zero energy was 40.32kWp and its annual generation was 53,402kWh. Third, the annual energy expense(electricity bill) by realizing net-zero energy was 2,620,390won.