• 지구물리
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2002

대한해협 내대륙붕에서 취득된 고해상 탄성과 탐사자료의 해석에 의하면 연구해역 내대륙붕에 분포하는 퇴적층은 마지막 빙하기 이후에 형성된 3개의 퇴적단위(I. II. III)로 구성된다. 하위에 놓이는 두 퇴적단위는 흘로세 해침동안 형성된 해침계열에 속한다. 시퀀스 경계면 위에 놓이는 퇴적단위 III은 해침과정 중 하구 환경 하메서 퇴적된 것으로 해석되는 반면 침식면 위에 놓이는 퇴적단위 II는 해침과정 중 침식 및 제동에 의해 형성된 박층의 해침모래에 속한다. 최대해침면 상부에 놓이는 퇴적단위 I은 고해수면계열에 해당되며 주로 낙동강에서 유입된 현생 니질퇴적물로 구성된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.556-567
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• 2020

Objective: To improve the utility of native grass resources as feed in China, we investigated the dynamics of protein and carbohydrate fractions among Inner Mongolian native grasses, during ensiling and the aerobic stage, using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System. Methods: Silages were prepared without or with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculant. We analyzed the protein and carbohydrate fractions and fermentation quality of silages at 0, 5, 15, 20, 30, and 60 d of ensiling, and the stability at 0.5, 2, 5, and 10 d during the aerobic stage. Results: Inner Mongolian native grass contained 10.8% crude protein (CP) and 3.6% water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) on a dry matter basis. During ensiling, pH and CP and WSC content decreased (p<0.05), whereas lactic acid and ammonia nitrogen (N) content increased (p<0.05). Non-protein N (PA) content increased significantly, whereas rapidly degraded true protein (PB₁), intermediately degraded true protein (PB₂), total carbohydrate (CHO), sugars (CA), starch (CB₁), and degradable cell wall carbohydrate (CB₂) content decreased during ensiling (p<0.05). At 30 d of ensiling, control and LAB-treated silages were well preserved and had lower pH (<4.2) and ammonia-N content (<0.4 g/kg of fresh matter [FM]) and higher lactic acid content (>1.0% of FM). During the aerobic stage, CP, extract ether, WSC, lactic acid, acetic acid, PB₁, PB₂, true protein degraded slowly (PB₃), CHO, CA, CB₁, and CB₂ content decreased significantly in all silages, whereas pH, ammonia-N, PA, and bound true protein (PC) content increased significantly. Conclusion: Control and LAB-treated silages produced similar results in terms of fermentation quality, aerobic stability, and protein and carbohydrate fractions. Inner Mongolian native grass produced good silage, nutrients were preserved during ensiling and protein and carbohydrate losses largely occurred during the aerobic stage.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to identify the species and to date the woods used in the Keunjung-jeon Hall, main building of the Kyungbok palace in Seoul. Samples (144) were divided into two parts, pillars (52) and other wood materials (92). Only two species were identified. They were Abies holophylla Max. and Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.Eleven among 20 Pyungju (outer pillars) were Abies holophylla, and 9 were Pinus densiflora. Seven among 12 Naejinkoju (inner pillars) were Abies holophylla, and 5 were Pinus densiflora. Three among 4 Gwikoju (inner corner pillars) were Abies holophylla, and one was Pinus densiflora. In the other wood materials, only 2 of 92 were Abies holophylla, and the others were Pinus densiflora. Tree-ring dating proved that this building was reconstructed during late 1860s. It also revealed that the old woods cut in the 17th century were reused.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2004

Cell growth and the production of pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulan HP-2001, the UV-induced mutant of A pullulans ATCC 42023, increased with increased concentration of glucose up to 15.0% (w/v). Maximal production of pullulan in the flask scale was 27.65 g/l, when concentrations of glucose and yeast extract were 15.0 and 0.25% (w/v), respectively. Maximal conversion rate of pullulan from glucose as the carbon source was 0.37, when those of glucose and yeast extract were 5.0 and 0.15% (w/v), respectively. On the basis of total amount of pullulan, the conversion rate of pullulan from glucose, and utilization rate of glucose to cell mass and pullulan by A. pullulans HP-2001, the optimal concentrations of glucose and yeast extract for the mass production of pullulan were determined to be 10.0 and 0.25% (w/v), respectively, at which concentrations the production of pullulan and its conversion rate were 27.14 g/l and 0.27, respectively. Maximal production of pullulan with optimized concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources by A. pullulans HP-200l in a 7-1 bioreactor was 32.12 g/l for 72 h culture, and that in a 100-1 bioreactor with the inner pressure of $0.4 kgf/cm^2$ was 36.87 g/l. Increased inner pressure of a 100-1 bioreactor resulted in a higher concentration of dissolved oxygen in the medium, which might enhance the production of pullulan by A. pullulans HP-2001.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1235-1243
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• 2015

The goat Capra hircus is one of several economically important livestock in China. Advances in molecular genetics have led to the identification of several single nucleotide variation markers associated with genes affecting economic traits. Validation of single nucleotide variations in a whole-transcriptome sequencing is critical for understanding the information of molecular genetics. In this paper, we aim to develop a large amount of convinced single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for Cashmere goat through transcriptome sequencing. In this study, the transcriptomes of Cashmere goat skin at four stages were measured using RNA-sequencing and 90% to 92% unique-mapped-reads were obtained from total-mapped-reads. A total of 56,231 putative SNPs distributed among 10,057 genes were identified. The average minor allele frequency of total SNPs was 18%. GO and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted to analyze the genes containing SNPs. Our follow up biological validation revealed that 64% of SNPs were true SNPs. Our results show that RNA-sequencing is a fast and efficient method for identification of a large number of SNPs. This work provides significant genetic resources for further research on Cashmere goats, especially for the high density linkage map construction and genome-wide association studies.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2004

임산바이오매스 자원 이용의 일환으로 율추(栗皺) 열수추출물의 디에틸에테르 가용부의 HPLC 분석결과, 표준물질과의 retention time이 일치한 것을 RI detector로 얻어진 각 피크의 스펙트럼을 표준물질과 비교하고, 순도를 확인하는 방법으로 피크의 동정을 실시하였다. 피크의 동정 결과, phenolic acids와 aldehyde류로는 gallic acid, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid, 그리고 protocatechualdehyde이었으며, flavonoids는 catechin과 epicatechin으로 모두 6종이 확인되었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2006

난류의 내부 영역의 유속은 단순한 공식으로 표현하기 매우 어려운 형태를 가지고 있다. 이 속도 분포를 기술하는 여러 가지 공식들이 제안된 바 있지만, 모든 공식들은 많은 항들을 가지거나 적분형 또는 음함수꼴을 가지고 있다. 이것은 이 식들이 적용하기 힘들거나, 매개 변수들을 추정하기 어렵다는 것을 의미한다. 이 연구에서는 매끄러운 바닥 위를 흐르는 난류 내부 영역의 유속 분포를 표현할 수 있는 간단한 형태의 새로운 공식을 제안하였다. 이 공식은 전통적인 대수 법칙에 감쇄 함수를 곱한 형태이다. 단 하나의 추가적인 매개 변수를 도입하여, 전체 내부 영역의 유속 분포를 적절하게 표현할 수 있었다. 이 공식은 벽법칙이 성립하는 바닥 근처의 유속과 대수 법칙이 성립되는 중복 영역의 유속 분포까지를 적절하게 나타낼 수 있다. 또한, 추가된 매개 변수인 감쇄 계수는 쉽게 추정할 수 있다. 이 변수는 Reynolds 수의 변화에 민감하지 않으며, 공식에 의하여 계산된 유속 분포도 또한 이 매개 변수의 변화에 대해서 민감하지 않다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.223-225
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• 2000

A new forma, Cremastra appendiculta Makino f. albiflora B. Kil, f. nov. is described from Naejangsan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. It is easily distinguished from C. appendiculata by having light white-green flower of outer perianth segment and white color of inner perianth segment of the flower.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권5호
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• pp.706-710
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• 2010

Understanding of chemical composition and energy contents in tree is important to develope strategies of renewable energy policy to cope with climate change. Residual biomass as renewable energy source was evaluated and focused on the bark-containing branches. Chemical analysis studies were conducted for different part of yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), which were partitioned to inner bark, outer bark, small branches, medium branches, big branches and trunk. The variations in hydrophobic extractives, hydrophilic extractives, lignin, carbohydrate compositions, energy contents (higher heating value) and the ash content were determined. The inner and outer bark had higher ash content, hydrophobic and hydrophilic extractives content, and higher energy content than those of tree trunk. Polysaccharides content in inner and outer bark was quite lower than those of stem or branches. Based on the energy content of residual biomass, replacement of fossil fuel and greenhouse gas emission abatement were calculated.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2002

Microscopic techniques were used to observe the microstructure of rice husk. Microscopic examination showed that two main components of husk, lemma and palea consisted of outer epidermis, layers of fibers, vascular bundles, parenchyma cells, and inner epidermis, in sequence from the outer to the inner surface. The outer epidermal walls were extremely thick, highly convoluted and lignified. The underlying fibers were also thick-walled and lignified. Parenchyma cells were thin-walled and unlignified. Inner epidermal cells were also unlignified. The outer surface of both lemma and palea were conspicuously ridged, but the lower surface had a flat appearance. As part of a detailed study to characterize rice husk using microscopic and micro-analytical techniques, distribution of silica was also examined, and is presented elsewhere. Rice husk can potentially be used as a raw material for making composite products and the observations presented here form valuable background information for our future work related to product development.