• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

The performance of small-size impellers with ruled surfaces was investigated for flank milling over a wide speed range, using computational fluid dynamics analyses and gas bench tests. An impeller with a ruled surface was designed, manufactured, and tested to evaluate the effects of blade loading, the backsweep angle, and the relative velocity distribution on the compressor performance. The simulations and tests were completed using the same compressor cover with identical inlet and outlet channels to accurately compare the performance of the abovementioned impeller with a commercial impeller containing sculptured blades. Both impellers have the same number of blades, number of splitters, and shroud meridional profiles. The backsweep angles of the blades on the ruled impeller were selected to work with the same pinched diffuser as for a sculptured impeller. The inlet-to-exit relative velocity diffusion ratio and the blade loading were provided to maximize the flow rate and to minimize the surge flow rate. The design flow rate, rpm, were selected same for both impellers. Test results showed that for the compressor stage with a ruled impeller, the efficiency was increased by 0.32% with an extended surge margin without a reduction in the pressure ratio as compared to the impeller with the sculptured design. It was concluded that an increased relative velocity diffusion coupled with a large backsweep angle was an effective way to improve the compressor stage efficiency. Additionally, an appropriate blade loading distribution was important for achieving a wide operating range and higher efficiency.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.439-448
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• 2009

Three inducers were designed to avoid cavitation instabilities. This was accomplished by avoiding the interaction of tip cavity with the leading edge of the next blade. The first one was designed with extremely larger leading edge sweep, the second and third ones were designed with smaller incidence angle by reducing the inlet blade angle or increasing the design flow rate, respectively. The inducer with larger design flow rate has larger outlet blade angle to obtain sufficient pressure rise. The inducer with larger sweep could suppress the cavitation instabilities in higher flow rates more than 95% of design flow coefficient, owing to weaker tip leakage vortex cavity with stronger disturbance by backflow vortices. The inducer with larger outlet blade angle could avoid the cavitation instabilities at higher flow rates, owing to the extension of the tip cavity along the suction surface of the blade. The inducer with smaller inlet blade angle could avoid the cavitation instabilities at higher flow rates, owing to the occurrence of the cavity first in the blade passage and its extension upstream. The cavity shape and suction performance were reasonably simulated by three dimensional CFD computations under the steady cavitating condition, except for the backflow vortex cavity. The difference in the growth of cavity for each inducer is explained from the difference of the pressure distribution on the suction side of the blades.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.168-172
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• 2012

본 연구는 프탈산히드록시메틸셀룰로오스를 장용성 기제로 이용하여 오메가-3 지방산이 충진된 연질캡슐을 코팅조건에 따른 연질캡슐의 표면에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. HPMCP 농도, 코팅분사 액량 및 흡기 온도를 변화시켜 장용코팅 시 캡슐표면의 백색도를 측정 비교한 결과, 코팅분사 액량이 감소할수록 흡기 온도가 증가할수록 백색도가 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 붕해시험으로 코팅 후 캡슐이 장용 특성을 가지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 주사전자현미경으로 미세구조를 관찰한 결과, 피막에 균일하게 HPMCP가 코팅이 된 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같이 HPMCP를 이용하여 오메가-3 연질캡슐의 장용코팅 효과를 확인할 수 있었으며, 투명도가 높은 코팅표면을 얻을 수 있는 코팅 조건을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.983-987
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• 2008

IGCC 파일럿 플랜트의 집진시스템을 최적 설계하기 위하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 서로 다른 가스 유입 방식이 집진용기 내부의 유체 유동장과 입자 거동에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 필터 표면에 전달되는 입자의 부하율은 분진입자가 혼합된 가스가 내부에 차단관이 설치된 집진용기의 외벽에 접하게 설치된 접선 유입구를 따라 집진용기 내로 유입되는 경우 아주 낮았으며, 입자크기가 클수록 입자부하율은 급격히 감소하였다. 이에 반하여, 가스 유동이 집진용기의 필터지지판 중앙에 수직하게 설치된 수직 유입구를 통하여 집진용기 내로 유입되는 경우, 필터 표면으로의 입자 부하율이 아주 높았으며, 입자크기 증가에 따른 입자부하율의 감소는 접선 유입 방식에 비하여 크지 않았다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.3049-3052
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• 2008

MCFC(molten carbonate fuel cell) power generation system is prime candidate for the utilization of fossil based fuels to generate ultra clean power with a high efficiency. In the MCFC power plant system, a combustor performs a role to supply high temperature mixture gases for cathode and heat for reformer by using the stack off-gas of the anode which includes a high concentration of $H_2O$ and $CO_2$. Since a combustor needs to be operated in a very lean condition and to avoid excessive local heating, catalytic combustor is usually used. The catalytic combustion is accomplished by the catalytic chemical reaction between fuel and oxidizer at catalyst surface, different from conventional combustion. In this study, a mathematical model for the prediction of internal flow and catalytic combustion characteristics in the catalytic combustor adopted in the MCFC power plant system is suggested by using the numerical methods. The numerical simulation models are then implemented into the commercial CFD code. After verifying result by comparing with the experimental data and calibrated kinetic parameters of catalytic combustion reaction, a numerical simulation is performed to investigate the variation of flow and combustion characteristics by changing such various parameters as inlet configuration and inlet temperature. The result show that the catalytic combustion can be effectively improved for most of the case by using the perforated plate and subsequent stable catalytic combustion is expected.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.2985-2992
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 엇갈린형 관군에 대해 ANSYS FLUENT v.14의 SST 난류모델을 적용하여 가로피치, 튜브표면, 와류발생기위치 등의 변화에 따른 열전달 및 압력강하 특성을 이론적으로 해석하였다. CFD 해석시 튜브표면의 온도는 363 K, 입구측 공기온도는 313 K이고 입구측 속도는 5 m/s에서 10 m/s까지 가정하였다. 그 해석결과로서 열전달계수는 가로피치에 대한 영향은 큰 차이가 없었고, 튜브표면의 돌기형상은 열전달 및 압력강하 특성에서 원형이 톱니형보다 적절하게 나타내었으며, 와류발생기의 설치 경우에는 열전달특성이 튜브의 전방부 위치가 후방부 위치보다 약 4.6% 정도로 우수함을 보였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.301-307
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 한국형 인공심장의 혈액주머니 내 혈액 유동에 대한 수치적 해석 결과를 제시하였다. 혈액 유동은 2차원 비정상 유동으로 가정하였으며. 이를 해석하기 위하여 유한요소 기반의 상용코드인 ADINA를 사용하였다. 액츄에이터와 혈액주머니사이의 강체-고체 접촉, 그리고 혈액주머니와 혈류 사이의 고체-유체 상호작용을 모두 계산에서 반영하였다. 본 연구에서는 혈액주머니의 형상설계 과정에서 제시되었던 3가지 모델에 대해서 계산을 수행하고 이들의 혈류역학적인 적합성을 분석하였다. 계산결과에 의하면 혈액주머니의 수축 시는 출구로의 강한 흐름과 입구 부분에서의 정체영역이 관찰되었다. 이완 시에는 외부로부터 입구로 강한 혈류가 유입되고 있으며, 닫힌 출구에서 부근에서는 재순환 영역이 발생한다. 수축 시 전단응력은 출구 모서리 부근에서 극한값들을 가지게 되며, 이완 시에는 주로 입구 모서리와 액츄에이터 접촉면에서 최소, 최고치를 보여주고 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권5B호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 화력발전소 순환수취수로의 유량증가가 취수펌프장 흐름에 미치는 영향을 해석하고 개선하기 위하여 수리 및 수치모형실험을 수행하였다. 수치모형실험결과에 의하면 화력발전소 순환수취수로의 유량이 증가하면 취수로내의 유속과 순환수취수 펌프장의 연직방향와도가 증가하여 순환수취수 펌프장내의 와류발생가능성이 크게 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 수리모형실험을 수행하여 순환수취수펌프장 유입부의 수면 근처 흐름은 거의 균등한 유량 배분이 이루어지고 반면에, 바닥 근처의 흐름은 유량 배분이 균등하게 이루어지지 못하여 취수펌프장내에서 역류현상이 발생하는 것을 밝혀냈다. 삼각형 도류벽을 취수펌프장 유입부에 설치하여 유속분포의 불균일성을 제거할 수 있었고 역류발생문제를 제거하였다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.388-404
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• 2024

In the present work, the operating parameters were optimized using Box Behnken Design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM) to maximize the hydrogen production rate (R₁) and hydrogen production rate per unit watt consumed (R₂) of a proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (PEMEC), a third response (R₃) which was the sum of the scaled values of R₁ and R₂ were selected to be maximized so that both hydrogen production rate and hydrogen production rate per unit watt consumed could be maximized. The major parameters which were influencing the experiment for enhancing the output responses were oxygen electrode/anode electrocatalyst loading (A), current supplied (B) and water inlet temperature (C). The commercial proton exchange membrane Nafion^® was used as the electrolyte. The acetylene black carbon (C_AB) supported IrO₂ was used as the electrocatalyst for preparing oxygen electrode/anode whereas commercial Pt (40 wt%)/C_HSA was used as the H₂ electrode/cathode electrocatalyst. The quadratic model was developed to predict the output/ responses and their proximity to the experimental output values. The developed model was found to be significant as the P values for both the responses were < 0.0001 and F values were greater than 1. The optimum condition for both the responses were O₂ electrode/anode electrocatalyst loading of 1.78 mg/cm², supplied current of 0.33 A and water inlet temperature of 54℃. The predicted values for hydrogen production rate (R₁) and hydrogen production rate per unit watt consumed (R₂) were 2.921 mL/min and 2.562 mL/(min·W), respectively obtained from the quadratic model. The error % between the predicted response values and experimental values were 1.47% and 3.08% for R₁ and R₂, respectively. This model predicted the optimum conditions reasonably in good agreement with the experimental conditions for the enhancement of the output responses of the developed PEM based electrolyser.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2005

The present study investigated the effect of relative position of the blade on blade surface heat transfer. The experiments were conducted in a low speed wind tunnel with a stationary annular turbine cascade. The test section has a single turbine stage composed of sixteen guide vanes and blades. The chord length of the blade is 150 mm and the mean tip clearance of the blade is $2.5\%$ of the blade chord. The Reynolds number based on blade inlet velocity and chord length is $1.5{\times}105$ and mean turbulence intensity is about $3\%$. To investigate the effect of relative position of blade, the blade at six different positions in a pitch was examined. For the detailed mass transfer measurements, a naphthalene sublimation technique was used. In general, complex heat transfer characteristics are observed on the blade surface due to various flow characteristics, such as a laminar flow separation, relaminarization, flow acceleration, transition to turbulence and tip leakage vortices. The results show that the blade relative position affects those heat transfer characteristics because the distributions of incoming flow velocity and turbulence intensity are changed. Especially, the heat transfer pattern on the near-tip region is significantly affected by the relative position of the blade because the effect of tip leakage vortex is strongly dependent on the blade position. On the pressure side, the effect of blade position is not so significant as on the suction side surface although the position and the size of the separation bubble are changed.