• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.5
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• pp.1-45
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• 2007

Reserved forces of ROKA are in charge of replacement of TOE in the wartime and mission of rear area operation. But there is institutional inertia in the law and organization oriented to fill human resources rather than take mission. We need to prepare for the investment and arrangement of reserved forces as military power that would be replaced standing forces. In this portion, to reinforce reserve forces elite, First, efficient mobilization regulations and systems are suggested. I covered a maintenance of relevant mobilization ordinances which need to legislated and approved by national assembly for wartime and development of mobilization system which might lose the appropriate time for mobilization due to complicated declaration procedures and measures to overcome the panic at the initial stage of the war and organization and employment of nationwide transportation system and mobilization center. To ensure efficient resource management and mobilization of reserve forces with a number of approximately 3 million, there's a necessity of organization for integration and conciliation. To make it real, I suggested establishing and employing the mobilization center, on first phase, employ the mobilization center focusing on homeland divisions, on second phase, it is advisable to convert to national level mobilization system and develop to central mobilization center focusing on national emergency planning committee. During peacetime, in conjunction with Mobilization Cell, mobilization center can conduct resource survey and integrate and manage mobilization resources and take charge of mobilization training of subordinate units, and during wartime, in conjunction with mobilization coordination team and Cell, can ensure the execution of mobilization. Second, Future oriented reserve forces management system such as service system of reserve forces and support system of homeland defense operations. Current service and trainings of reserve forces by the year have very low connection, as it is very complex to manage the resources and trainings, and service and training lack the equity, re-establishment of service system is required. Also in an aspect of CSS and cultivation support for reserve forces, as the scope and limitation of responsibility between the armed forces and autonomous organization is obscure, conditions to conduct actual-fighting exercises are limited. Concentrated budgetting is extremely difficult because reserve forces training fields are scattered nationwide, and facilities and equipments are rapidly getting older. To improve all these, I suggest the organization of homeland defense battalion with a unit of "City-Gun-District" and supporting the local reserve forces. Conduct unit replacement or personal replacement for those who have finished their 1 or 2 years and homeland defense operation duty for those with 3-5 years for consistency and simplification. Third, I suggest Future oriented Reserved Training(FRT) and Training Center oriented training management to establish a reliable reserve training. Reserves carry out expansion of unit, conventional combat mission, homeland defense and logistics support during wartime, and actual-fighting exercise, and disaster relief, peace keeping activities. Despite diverse activities and roles, their training condition still stays definitely poor. For these reasons, Modernization of weapons and facilities through gradual replacement and procurement is essential to enhance mobilization support system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.180-187
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• 2013

The dinger in solar generation is the amount of sunlight which the solar cells absorb. Various types of solar trackers, which rotate themselves in order to make the solar cells face the sun as much as possible, have been developed, and especially the method of tracking with two axes has greatly contributed in increasing the generation amount at work sites. Among theses 2-axis solar trackers, the inclination-dependent 2-axis solar tracker are widely utilized for its advantages of requiring less initial investment and easy maintenance due to a solid structure. However, the drawback is that the generation efficiency is relatively low because of the structural restriction that limits the rotation angle, thus making it less efficient when tracking the sun. This paper proposes a method to increase the generation efficiency of the inclination-dependent 2-axis solar tracker. It also contains the derived equations needed for precise controlling along with a method to keep tracking with the other axis even when one has reached its angle limit. To confirm that the proposed method increases the amount of incidence onto the solar cells, formulas needed for operation on the proposed method and tracking the exact position of the sun are derived, and applying this to the quarterly data of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute it shows maximum over 11.1% more incidence compared to existing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2008

Recently, the transport quantity of goods between South and North Korea is rising rapidly by increasing of economical exchange between South and North Korea and growth of Gaeseoung industrial complex. In addition to a land transportation route, it is necessary to secure various logistics and transportation route for freight transportation between Incheon and Gaesung. In this paper, we investigated a construction of barge transportaion system between Incheon and Gaesung. The barge transportation system which has many merits such as a little initial investment and convenience of harbor loading/ unloading has been also used to transport freight widely in the EU and USA. Firstly, we investigated barge transport route, marine freight and barge fleet which consists of barge and pusher between Incheon and Gaesung. And next, we designed hull form and general arrangement of a barge and pusher based on shipping service condition, barge fleet, etc. Finally, a construction plans of barge transport system such as a operation of shipping service, berthing facilities, logistics center, intermodal transport are investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.262-269
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• 2016

Subway station scales are determined by peak predictions. In this study, the purpose behind the installation of a subway is public transportation convenience and public interest, but economic validity is also important. By proving that the scale of the station is excessive with regard to the target station size for Seoul subway Line 5-8, a reasonable plan. can be sought. According to station installation standards, the area of the station under investigation here is out of the service levels by six stages (A~F), and it must be four or more levels (D). The Actual level for the B level is a two-step design. The Actual ratio for over- Peak predictions is only 17.8% on average. The results of measurements of the excess area and determination of the excessive costs were analyzed by subdividing the area and by calculating it based on the B level, finding that it is possible to provide benefits for customers only in the current design, with an area ratio of 16.3%. Given the weight, it was estimated that current conditions can meet the needs of only 18.6% of the current area. Simplifying the scale calculation method of the station, it is convenient, safe, and advantageous to move citizens only if the scale can be streamlined. Then, with a reduced initial investment, maintenance costs during the operation can be reduced.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.223-230
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• 2003

KCTA(Korea Container Terminal Authority) is going to introduce automated operating system in the port of Gwangyang container terminal to enhance the efficiency. Prior to developing the container terminal, defining the objective of container terminal operation is essential. This research used AHP technique to define the operation objective of automated container terminal objectively, and the questionnaire to collect the opinions of future customer, operator and research institution. The objectives mix of the automated container terminal are composed of the minimization of initial investments, the minimization of operational expenses, the performance of automation system, the raising of operation efficiency and productivity and the improvement of customer service. The result of the analysis revealed that most important factor among objectives mix was “the minimization of operation expense”. Especially, the user group preferred to select the factor of “the improvement of customer service”as objective rather than select other objectives. The result of this research will suggest some guidelines for deciding the level of investment of terminal construction. information system, automation equipment, terminal worker and etc., which are to be considered in terminal development and the system development hereafter.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.15D no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2008

In line with the enhanced weight and variety of electronic commerce in business activities, new type of payment settlement and banking system which will enable to store, create and transfer values from the existing method of payment settlement is highly required. Cyber Banking system draws strong attention being the solution of there requirements. The existing Cyber Banking system has the difficulty of operation, administration, in addition to the problem of initial facility investment of big amount, resulted from the usage of the current business process. As the existing Cyber Bank system is unable to carry out the function of storing, creating, and transferring values due to the adoption conventional credit card system instead of the application of non-stop payment system between the seller and buyer. As a result, current Cyber Bank system still imply the deficiency of non-performing cash payment function on internet. This paper describes (1) an integrated application process, One Process One Input (OPOI) which is essential for software development of the Cyber Bank, (2) an application process of payment settlement system to be applied to the electronic commerce in Internet. And then, with these for a basis, (3) design and implementation of payment settlement system through CyberBank for Electronic Commerce. Consequently, by means of this suggested process, we could attempt to solve the problem of existing Cyber Bank system and further to explore the possibility of advanced Cyber Banking being the non-stop payment settlement system. The effectiveness of this suggested system has been practically confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2020

Light Naphtha is distillated from crude oil unit and separated into the methane, ethylene and propylene by boiling point difference in sequence. This separation is conducted using a series of binary-like columns. This separation method is known that the energy consumed in the reboiler is used to separate the heaviest components and most of this energy is discarded as vapor condensation in the overhead cooler. In this study, the first two columns of the separation process are replaced with the Petlyuk column. A structural design was exercised by the stage computation with ideal tray efficiency in equilibrium condition. Compared with the performance of a conventional system of 3-column model, The design outcome shows that the procedure is simple and efficient because the composition of the liquid component in the column tray was designed to be similar to the equilibrium distillation curve. The performance of the new process indicates that an energy saving of 12.1% is obtained and the cost savings of 44 million won per day based on gross domestic product is reduced under same total number of trays and the initial investment cost is saved.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.123-133
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• 2016

LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas) bunkering has become an important issue with the enforcement of environment regulations in shipping industry required by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). With increased attention on LNG bunkering, many studies that focus on safety, regulation, demand forecasting, and the feasibility of LNG fueled ships have been carried out. However, most of the existing research has not included considerations of the price of LNG bunkering and its competitiveness. This paper, therefore, suggests ways to increase price competitiveness in the LNG bunkering market in the Busan Port. This paper analyzes the LNG bunkering supply mechanism by investigating various LNG bunkering terminal business in the LNG supply market. Factors that determine LNG bunkering price and its elasticity are also identified. Market players who want to operate LNG bunkering terminals in the Busan Port should introduce a merchandising trade method that is able to exclude the "Korea premium" in order to increase price competitiveness. This paper also suggests adoptable strategies such as the use of TPS (Terminal to Ship via Pipeline) type of bunkering service and the importance of location for minimizing initial investment cost.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.175-182
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• 2021

Focusing on the recently announced "KOSPI 200 ESG Index," this study intends to examine whether the "KOSPI 200 ESG Index" has any relevance to stock prices. Specifically, it was empirically analyzed whether companies included in the KOSPI 200 ESG index showed average abnormal return and cumulative average abnormal return of stock prices due to incorporation into the index. As for the research method, the case study was conducted using the return by the market model using the coefficient estimated by the OLS for the normal expected return. The study results are summarized as follows. First, the initial incorporation of a company into the KOSPI 200 ESG index showed significant positive(+) average abnormal return and cumulative average abnormal return. Second, the incorporation of a company into the KOSPI 200 ESG index showed significant positive(+) average abnormal return and cumulative average abnormal return. Through this study, it was confirmed that investors in the market are aware of ESG indicators as non-financial information, not just financial information. In addition, it can be said that the contribution of this study to the fact that investors perceive ESG index as information for investment. This study differs in that it uses the latest ESG index, but at the same time, it has limitations in that the study period is short and the study sample is limited.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2019

The domestic construction industry is changing according to its preference for demand and supply along with urbanization and economic development. Accordingly, initial risk assessments is more important than before. In particular, demand for lease-based investment products such as commercial and office buildings has surged as a substitute for financial products due to low interest rates of banks. Therefore, the objective is to suggest a basic study on financial analysis model development by applying optimization method in residential officetel. To achieve the objective, first, the previous studies are investigated. Second, the causal loop diagram is structured based on the collected data. Third, the system dynamics method is used to develop cost-income simulation and optimization model sequentially. Finally, the developed model was verifed through analyzing a case project. In the future, the proposed model can be helpful whether or not conduct execution of an officetel development project to the decision makers.