• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.121-136
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• 2000

This study reports on a comparison between the Korean diffusion of agricultural innovation or extension service and the cooperative extension service in the United States of America. It focuses on relevant differences between the two systems and provides recommendation for improvement of the Korean system to insure success in important areas related to the diffusion of agricultural innovations. After a comparative study on diffusion of innovations it is clear that: in order to have a productive agriculture that makes effective and efficient use of natural resources and helps achieve sustainability goals, a mechanism that delivers knowledge to agricultural communities must be established and maintained. This mechanism is clearly an agricultural extension service that is cooperatively funded by federal, state and local governments and that insures participation of constituents in the process of establishing priorities and evaluating achievements. The success of US agriculture, the most productive in the world, is to a large degree to the Cooperative Extension Service. Based on the results of this study and the differences of the United States and Korea, the following recommendations should be emphasized for more effective communication for agricultural innovation and rural development in Korea: 1) In order to insure that extension educators are high caliber professional individuals, it is important to establish a system that nationally recognizes these individuals as such, and that provides a professional development path. 2) The results of the decision of transfer of extension educators to local governments has not yielded positive outcomes, especially in terms of professional status. It is clearly demonstrable that valuable professionals are leaving the service, that local governments do not have the will and resources to implement a successful extension program. 3) Because of the critical importance of diffusing innovations to agricultural producers in order to insure and quality and steady food supply, it is of critical importance that these issues be addressed before the extension service is further deteriorated. Given the cement situation, it is clear that the extension service should become nationally supported again in cooperation with local and state governments and that extension professionals be given appropriate rank at the national level, commesurate with their peers in research and teaching. 4) The common current committee practice of lengthy reporting and short discussion needs to be changed to one that results in char, brief and substantive action oriented goals. Joint participation by researchers, extension educators and farmers should be encouraged in planning, implementation and evaluation of communication for agricultural innovations. Roles and functions of committees for institutional cooperation, and or agricultural extension committees should be enlarged. 5) Extension educators should be encouraged to adopt new communication technologies to improve their diffusion of innovations methods. Agricultural institutions and organizations should be encouraged to adopt farmer-first and or client-oriented approach in agricultural extension and diffusion of agricultural technologies. The number, complexity and rapid change of information in agricultural extension require the development of a computer based information and report system to support agricultural extension. 6) To facilitate and expand the further development of communication for agricultural innovation and rural development, agricultural communication programs in universities especially in colleges of agriculture and life sciences. 7) To strengthening the sense of national and social responsibility communication for agricultural innovation and rural development among students in agricultural colleges and universities through participation in learning activities by proactive recruitment. 8) To establish and reinforce a policy that insures participation in communication for agricultural innovation and regal development activities. 9) To improve further development of communication for agricultural innovation and rural development in Korea, more research activities should be encouraged.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.811-827
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 다중시기 원격탐사 자료를 이용한 작물분류에서 기계학습 알고리즘과 딥러닝 알고리즘의 비교에 있다. 이를 위해 전라남도 해남군과 미국 Illinois 주의 작물 재배지를 대상으로 기계학습 알고리즘과 딥러닝 알고리즘에 대해 (1) 하이퍼파라미터와 (2) 훈련자료의 크기에 따른 영향을 비교 분석하였다. 비교 실험에는 기계학습 알고리즘으로 support vector machine(SVM)을 적용하고 딥러닝 알고리즘으로 convolutional neural network(CNN)를 적용하였다. 특히 CNN에서 2차원의 공간정보를 고려하는 2D-CNN과 시간차원을 확장한 구조의 3D-CNN을 적용하였다. 비교 실험 결과, 다양한 하이퍼파라미터를 고려해야 하는 CNN의 경우 SVM과 다르게 두 지역에서 정의된 하이퍼파라미터 값이 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 모델 최적화에 많은 시간이 소요되지만 최적화된 CNN 모델을 다른 지역으로 확장할 수 있는 전이학습의 적용 가능성이 높을 것으로 판단된다. 다음 훈련자료 크기에 따른 비교 실험 결과, SVM 보다 CNN에서 훈련자료 크기의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났는데 특히 다양한 공간특성을 갖는 Illinois 주에서 이러한 경향이 두드러지게 나타났다. 또한 Illinois 주에서 3D-CNN의 분류 성능이 저하되는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 모델 복잡도가 증가하면서 과적합의 영향이 발생한 것으로 판단된다. 즉 모델의 훈련 정확도는 높지만 다양한 공간특성이나 입력 자료의 잡음 효과 등으로 오히려 분류 성능이 저하된 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 대상 지역의 공간특성을 고려해 적절한 분류 알고리즘을 선택해야 하는 것을 의미한다. 또한 CNN에서 특히, 3D-CNN에서 일정 수준의 분류 성능을 담보하기 위해 다량의 훈련자료 수집이 필요하다는 것을 의미한다.