• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.262-267
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• 2006

For the concentration management in COD parameters, it requires the measurement and estimation of the COD pollutants load (hereinafter PL) in the watershed. The estimation method of the PL, however, is provided only based on the BOD parameters. The development of COD PL estimation schemes is expected to execute total PL management in coastal zone and needs to more observation and much time. This study provides COD PL estimation schemes using statistical information about ratio analysis with COD & BOD concentration of rivers and drainages of an industrial complex in Lake Shiwha and Incheon Coastal Zone watershed. The COD PL is computed with ease by multiplying the conversion factor, which is calculated as the sum of the average and 1 to 3 (safety factors) times standard deviation. The conversion factor of Lake Shihwa and Incheon Coastal Zone is estimated as 1.7, 2.3 and 2.9 with respect to the safety factor 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2015

Typically, water quality sampling takes place intermittently since sample collection and following analysis requires substantial cost and efforts. Therefore regression models (or rating curves) are often used to interpolate water quality data. LOADEST has nine regression models to estimate water quality data, and one regression model needs to be selected automatically or manually. The nine regression models in LOADEST and auto-selection by LOADEST were evaluated in the study. Suspended solids data were collected from forty-nine stations from the Water Information System of the Ministry of Environment. Suspended solid data from each station was divided into two groups for calibration and validation. Nash-Stucliffe efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination ($R_2$) were used to evaluate estimated suspended solid loads. The regression models numbered 1 and 3 in LOADEST provided higher NSE and $R_2$, compared to the other regression models. The regression modes numbered 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9 in LOADEST provided low NSE. In addition, the regression model selected by LOADEST did not necessarily provide better suspended solid estimations than the other regression models did.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.466-476
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• 2016

Dredging is inevitably necessary for the management of water infrastructure such as waterways and polluted bottom sediment. Dredged material management options may be offshore dumping, wetland creation, beach nourishment and various other engineering uses depending on the given circumstances at the time of dredging. Among those options, wetland creation and beach nourishment are the preferred ones in Korea considering significant loss of wetland and beach erosion due to various development projects along the coastal region. In order to use dredged material beneficially, however, dredged material needs to be assessed its suitability with respect to its engineering purpose and environmental criteria. In this paper, we demonstrate that environmental risk of dredged material to be introduced into the marine environment can be easily assessed using biomarkers with relative low cost. Biomarkers can also compliment pollutant contents analysis that may not be specific to their impact on biological response. Biomarker information may be used to assist decision making process in selecting suitable treatment or beneficial use options for dredged materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.535-541
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• 2011

A debris flow is caused by torrential rain in mountainous regions and carries mixture of fragmental matter from slope failure, deposit soils from a valley floor and a large amount of water. It seriously damages facilities, houses, and human lives in its path. We tried to apply debris flow behavior estimation model developed in foreign country to domestic case. The study area is Inje-county, Gangwon-do and aerial photos and GPS surveying were used to collect information of starting and end point of the landslide and debris flow. The analysis showed that L/H for forecasting the travel distances of debris flows has the mean of 4.93 and standard deviation of 0.98. This model tended to overestimate the scale and extent of debris flows. In Inje-county's case, a debris flow is caused by multiple simultaneous small-scale landslide. This is quite different from the foreign cases in which a large-scale landslide cause a large-scale debris flow. Thus, an empirical model suitable for domestic conditions needs to be developed.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.223-226
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• 2001

Acetanilide is a High Production Volume Chemical, which is produced about 2,300 tons/year in Korea as of 1998 survey. Most is used as an intermediate for synthesis of pharmaceuticals and dyes. The chemical is one of seven chemicals, which are under the frame of OECD SIDS program sponsored by National Institute of Environmental Research of Korea. Regarding the information on the environmental fate. bioconcentration is one of important factor to estimate the environmental tranfer. However, measurement of bioconcentration needs high expense and time. For this reason, OECD recommends to use BCFWIN model to estimate bioconcentration of organic chemicals, BCFWIN estimates the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of an organic compound using the log octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) of the compound. Structures are entered into BCFWIN through SMITES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System) notations. The BCFWIN method classifies a compound as either ionic or non-ionic. ionic compounds include carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids and salts of sulfonic acids, and charged nitrogen compounds (nitrogen with a + 5 valence such as quaternary ammonium compounds). All other compounds are classified as non-ionic. In this study, bioaccumulation of acetanilide was estimated using BCFWIN model based on SMIIES notation, chemical name data and partition coefficient as one of environmental fate/distribution of the chemical elements.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.387-397
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to suggest design characteristics of picture books for silver generation empirically through academic consideration of necessity and characteristics of picture books targeting silver generation. Through an analytical result of literature materials such as library and information science, pedagogy, and literature therapeutics, and aging phenomenon, picture books help mental and physical health of silver generation, but picture books for silver generation are insufficient in comparison with demand. Therefore, a theoretical basis of study and development of fairy tale books for silver generation is acutely needed. This study suggested that close attention for characteristics of silver generation is needed to solve a problem about dyslexia of silver generation in story, picture(expression, size, layout, structure, and color), and typography of characteristic factors of picture on designing fairy tale books for silver generation, suggesting needs to develop picture books reflecting characteristics such as visual organ, body function, and psychological factor of silver generation. In addition, design characteristics for composition of picture books for silver generation will be used as part of advanced data in a study on solid analytical data through an actual analysis on silver generation in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6060-6070
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• 2012

Real-Time Enterprise (RTE)'s key requirement is that it should respond and adapt fast to the change of the firms' internal and external situations including the change of market and customers' needs. Recently, the big data processing technology to support the speedy change of the firms is spotlighted. Under the circumstances that wire and wireless communication networks are evolving with an accelerated rate, it is especially critical to provide a strong security monitoring function and stable services through a real-time processing of massive communication data traffic. By applying the big data processing technology based on a cloud computing architecture, this paper solves the managerial problems of telecommunication service providers and discusses how to operate the network management system effectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5926-5930
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• 2012

This study was conducted to identify the factors related between clinical health management and laparoscopy-aided gastrectomy patients. Data were surveyed using interview and questionnaires by 201 patients who visited the surgical department of a general hospital which was located in Metropolitan area from January 16 to February 16, 2012. As a result of study, first, the degree of performativity was significantly positively correlated with efficiency(r=0.24, p<.01). Secondly, the explanatory power of the model in clinical health management was to 42.7% by selected variables. Thirdly, multiple regression analysis results showed that efficiency was investigated the most influential and significant factor to affect the degree of health management practices with 0.25(p=.02). In conclusion, in order to improve the health management level of laparoscopy-aided gastrectomy patients, it needs to develop and apply a comprehensive education program including the personal characteristics of performativity, self-achievement, and perceived barriers.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.138-144
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• 2017

Purpose: Following legal reform in 2013, the annual number of asylum seekers entering South Korea has increased from 1,143 in 2012 to 5,711 in 2015. We interviewed six African refugee mothers of young children regarding their health needs and barriers to access maternal child health services. Methods: We recruited mothers who had visited a clinic for immigrants between July 2013 and August 2015. Participants were African refugee women, aged over 18 years, who had given birth in Korea within the previous 5 years and had come to Korea over a year before recruitment. Interview questions examined participants' experiences in pregnancy and childbirth and concerns regarding their child's health status. Initial data analysis involved all researchers' immersion in the entire collection of transcripts. We then noted recurrent topics and themes and identified similar issues. Results: At the time of giving birth, 5 participants were asylum seekers and one had undocumented status. The following barriers impeded their access to maternal child healthcare: socioeconomic factors (unstable social identity, low economic status, difficulty obtaining health insurance), language barriers (lack of linguistically appropriate health information, limited access to translation services), and cultural barriers (religious and cultural differences). Weak social support also hindered access to healthcare soon after migration; however, social links with the community emerged as a key coping strategy following settlement. Conclusion: We identified barriers to maternal and child healthcare and coping strategies among African refugee mothers in Korea. Future research should assess refugees' health status and improve health access and literacy among refugee mothers.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.43-61
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• 2011

We first develop a value ecosystem framework to model the SDP(Service Delivery Process) of web services. Since the web service has been evolving from the basic web architecture (e.g., traditional world wide web) to a prosuming platform based on virtualization technologies, the proposed framework of the value ecosystem focuses on capturing the key characteristics of SDP in each type of web services. Even though they share the basic elements such as PP(Platform Provider), CA(Customization Agency) and user group, the SDP in the traditional web services (so-called Web1.0 in this paper) is quite different from the most recent one (so-called Web2.0). In our value ecosystem, users are uniformly distributed over (0, ${\Delta}$), where ${\Delta}$��represents the variety level of users' preference on the web service level. PP and CA provide a standard level of web service(s) and prosuming service package, respectively. CA in Web1.0 presents a standard customization package($s_a$) at flat rate c, whereas PP and CA collaborate and provide customization service with a usage-based scheme. We employ a multi-stage game model to analyze and compare the SDPs in Web1.0 and Web2.0. Our findings through analysis and numerical simulations are as follows. First, the user group is consecutively segmented, and the pattern of the segmentations varies across Web1.0 and Web2.0. The standardized service level s (from PP) is higher in Web1.0, whereas the amount of information created in the value ecosystem is bigger in Web2.0. This indicates the role of CA would be increasingly critical in Web2.0: in particular, for fulfilling the needs of prosuming and service customization.