• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.07a
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• pp.61-62
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• 2022

알츠하이머성 치매는 현존하는 치료법이 없어 경도인지장애 단계에서의 예방이 중요하다. 지금까지의 알츠하이머 연구는 대부분이 뇌영상 마커와 뇌척수액 마커에 집중되어 있었으며, 경도 인지 장애 단계에서의 탐색은 더욱 적었다. 이러한 점에서 혈액 유전자 발현을 이용한 경도 인지장애 단계 예측은 인지 능력에 따른 관련 유전자 식별과 접근 가능한 진단 및 치료 바이오 마커 탐색에 기여할 수 있다. 그러나 유전자 발현 데이터의 경우 환자 수에 비해 높은 차원을 가지기 때문에 과적합을 막고 질병 관련 유전자를 식별하기 위해서는 데이터에서의 의미 있는 차원만을 뽑아내는 차원 축소가 선행되야 한다. 본 연구는 유전자 발현데이터에서의 인지장애 분류를 위해 차원 축소기법과 신경망을 적용하여 인지 장애 정도를 예측하였다. 그 결과, Lasso 이용 차원축소와 신경망을 이용하여 97%의 정확도로 정상과 조기 경도 인지장애, 후기 경도 인지장애 환자를 분류 할 수 있었으며, 더 적은 차원에서도 분류가 가능했다. 이는 혈액 유전자 발현을 이용해 경도 인지장애 단계를 예측한 첫 번째 연구이며, 인지능력 저하에 따른 혈액 유전자 발현의 연관성을 확인하고 향후 조기 진단, 치료 표적 탐색에 기여한다.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.155-161
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• 2024

In this paper, we propose a new model by adding landmark information as a feature vector to the existing CNN-based facial emotion classification model. Facial emotion classification research using CNN-based models is being studied in various ways, but the recognition rate is very low. In order to improve the CNN-based models, we propose algorithms that improves facial expression classification accuracy by combining the CNN model with a landmark-based fully connected network obtained by ASM. By including landmarks in the CNN model, the recognition rate was improved by several percent, and experiments confirmed that further improved results could be obtained by adding FACS-based action units to the landmarks.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.1330-1337
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• 2007

To better understand the gene expression of the cold-adapted polar diatom, we conducted a survey of the Chaetoceros neogracile transcriptome by cDNA sequencing and expression of interested cDNAs from the Antarctic diatom. A non-normalized cDNA library was constructed from the C. neogracile, and a total of 2,500 cDNAs were sequenced to generate 1,881 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs) (accession numbers EL620615-EL622495). Based on their clustering, we identified 154 unique clusters comprising 342 ESTs. The remaining 1,540 ESTs did not cluster. The number of unique genes identified in the data set is thus estimated to be 1,694. Taking advantage of various tools and databases, putative functions were assigned to 939 (55.4%) of these genes. Of the remaining 540 (31.9%) unknown sequences, 215 (12.7%) appeared to be C. neogracile-specific since they lacked any significant sequence similarity to any sequence available in the public databases. C. neogracile consisted of a relatively high percentage of genes involved in metabolism, genetic information processing, cellular processes, defense or stress resistance, photosynthesis, structure, and signal transduction. From the ESTs, the expression of these putative C. neogracile genes was investigated: fucoxanthin chlorophyll (chl) a,c-binding protein (FCP), ascorbate peroxidase (ASP), and heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90). The abundance of ASP and HSP90 changed substantially in response to different culture conditions, indicating the possible regulation of these genes in C. neogracile.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.457-463
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• 2015

The image distortion field has been studied and applied variously in the fields of engineering and art. This research is to express artistic sense by using the engineering technology on image distortion. In order to do this, the paper first examines the aesthetic interpretations on artistic expressions of image distortion. Then, it explains that image distortion using magnetic force can be an artistic expression method and includes user immersion elements. In addition, it demonstrates that image distortion can be used as an artistic emotional expression based on interaction. This research will contribute to the production and development of creative emotional contents through the convergence of scientific technology and art.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.23-28
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• 1974

One of the consistent nuisances in accurate design of circuits containing coils with core is how to take into account the frequency dependence of Q of actual coils. The conventional equivalent circuit consisting of an inductance and a series (constant) resistance and possibly a parallel (constant) capacitance is of little use in this situation since the core loss itself is strongly dependent on the frequency. In order to circumvent this difficulty, in this paper, a mathematical expression for Q of a given core as a function of inductance and frequency is first assumed and parameters in this expression are optimiged so as to best fit the data provided by the core manufacturer or obtained experimentally. This expression is then utilized in accurate calculation of the frequency response of a given circuit required in the optimal design of circuits containing coils. In other words the proposed approach is an effective combination of an approximate expression of coil's Q and circuit optimisation technique, which seems to have solved, to a great extent, the stated difficulty associated with actual coils. As for the optimization technique, ths Fletcher-Powell procedure was employed and one example was given to illustrate the proposed approach.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5665-5669
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• 2012

Background: The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mediates vasculogenesis and angiogenesis through promoting endothelial cell growth, migration and mitosis, and has involvement in cancer pathogenesis, progression and metastasis. However, the prognostic value of VEGF in patients with prostate cancer remains controversial. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of VEGF in prostate cancer, and summarise the results of related research on VEGF. Methods: In accordance with an established search strategy, 11 studies with 1,529 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The correlation of VEGF-expression with overall survival and progression-free survival was evaluated by hazard ratio, either given or calculated. Results: The studies were categorized by introduction of the author, demographic data in each study, prostate cancer-relatived information, VEGF cut-off value, VEGF subtype, methods of hazard ratio (HR) estimation and its 95% confidence interval (CI). High VEGF-expression in prostate cancer is a poor prognostic factor with statistical significance for OS (HR=2.32, 95%CI: 1.40-3.24). However, high VEGF-expression showed no effect on poor PFS (HR=1.30, 95%CI: 0.88-1.72). Using Begg's, Egger's test and funnel plots, we confirmed lack of publication bias in our analysis. Conclusion: VEGF might be regarded as a prognostic maker for prostate cancer, as supported by our meta-analysis. To achieve a more definitive conclusion enabling the clinical use of VEGF in prostate cancer, we need more high-quality interventional original studies following agreed research approaches or standards.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2020

Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) can be induced by an intracellular calcium increase and oxidative stress, which are characteristic features of temporal lobe epilepsy. Thus, we investigated the spatiotemporal expression and cellular localization of RCAN1 protein and mRNA in the mouse hippocampus after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE). Male C57BL/6 mice were given pilocarpine hydrochloride (280 mg/kg, i.p.) and allowed to develop 2 h of SE. Then the animals were given diazepam (10 mg/kg, i.p.) to stop the seizures and sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14, or 28 day after SE. Cresyl violet staining showed that pilocarpine-induced SE resulted in cell death in the CA1 and CA3 subfields of the hippocampus from 3 day after SE. RCAN1 immunoreactivity showed that RCAN1 was mainly expressed in neurons in the shammanipulated hippocampi. At 1 day after SE, RCAN1 expression became detected in hippocampal neuropils. However, RCAN1 signals were markedly enhanced in cells with stellate morphology at 3 and 7 day after SE, which were confirmed to be reactive astrocytes, but not microglia by double immunofluorescence. In addition, realtime reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction showed a significant upregulation of RCAN1 isoform 4 (RCAN1-4) mRNA in the SE-induced hippocampi. Finally, in situ hybridization with immunohistochemistry revealed astrocytic expression of RCAN1-4 after SE. These results demonstrate astrocytic upregulation of RCAN1 and RCAN1-4 in the mouse hippocampus in the acute and subacute phases of epileptogenesis, providing foundational information for the potential role of RCAN1 in reactive astrocytes during epileptogenesis.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2004

Myostatin is a transforming growth and differentiation factor-${\beta}$ family member that acts as a negative regulator of muscle growth. Previously, mutations in the myostatin gene were known to be related to double muscling phenotypes in cattle. Because myostatin gene is highly related to muscle mass, also meat quality, in cattle, we sequenced whole myostatin mRNA and investigated the SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) in Korean cattle (Hanwoo). The results indicated that Hanwoo had an SNP in nt2385 and this mutation can be a useful marker with further verifications. We also investigated expression patterns of the myostatin gene from various muscle tissues and organs. Northern blotting results indicated that myostatin expression was restricted in muscles with variable expression levels. The results presented here can be used as a valuable information for meat quality related traits and muscle mass in cattle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.77.2-78
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• 2003

An EREBP/AP2-type transcription factor (CaPFl) was isolated by DDRT-PCR following inoculation of soybean pustule pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines Bra which induces HR on pepper leaves. Genomic Southern blot analysis revealed that the CaPFl gene is present as a single copy within the hot pepper genome. The deduced amino acid sequence of CaPFl has two potential nuclear localization signals, a possible acidic activation domain, and an EREBP/AP2 motif that could bind to a conserved cis- element present in promoter region of many stress-induced genes. The mRNA level of CaPFl was induced by both biotic and abiotic stresses. We observed higher-level transcripts in resistance-induced pepper tissues than diseased tissues. Expression of CaPFl is also induced upon various abiotic stresses including ethephon, MeJA, cold stress, drought stress and salt stress treatments. To study the role of CPFI in plant, transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants which express higher level of pepper CaPFl were generated. Global gene expression analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis by cDNA microarray indicated that expression of CaPFl in transgenic plants affect the expression of quite a few GCC box and DRE/CRT box-containing genes. Furthermore, the transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plant, expressing CaPFl showed tolerance against freezing temperature and enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syrnigae pv. tabaci. Taken together, these results indicated that CaPFl is a novel EREBP/AP2 transcription factor in hot pepper plant and it may has a significant role(s) in regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses in plant.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.270-275
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• 2005

Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are metalloenzymes that convert $O_2^-\;to\;H_2O_2$. Rehmannia glutinosa is highly tolerant to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. The primary objective of this study was to characterize regulation of SOD gene expression in R. glutinosa in response to oxidative stresses and hormones. A full-length putative SOD clone (RgCu-ZnSOD1) was isolated from the leaf cDNA library of R. glutinosa using an expressed sequence tag clone as a probe. RgCu-ZnSOD1 cDNA is 777 bp in length and contains an open reading frame for a polypeptide consisted of 152 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of the clone shows highest sequence similarity to the cytosolic Cu-ZnSODs. The two to three major bands with several minor ones on the Southern blots indicate that RgCu-ZnSOD1 is a member of a small multi-gene family. RgCuZnSOD1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in the leaf, flower and root. The expression of RgCu-ZnSOD1 mRNA was increased about 20% by wounding and paraquat, but decreased over 50% by ethylene and $GA_3$. This result indicates that the RgCu-ZnSOD1 expression is regulated differentially by different stresses and phytohormones at the transcription level. The RgCu-ZnSOD1 sequence and information on its regulation will be useful in investigating the role of SOD in the paraquat tolerance of R. glutinosa.