• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.81
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• pp.122-152
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• 2017

The media movement is a movement to separate from the political power and to dismantle the media power and to seek the control of citizens' media. Political power is the biggest factor that violates the fairness and independence of the media in the public domain. On the other hand, the factor that interferes with the healthy and responsible media of the press in the private sector is the media power originating from the owner. Citizens 'media campaign emphasizes citizens' mobility as a subject that monitors the political power and media power that have the sovereignty of the media belonging to the citizen and may infringe on this sovereignty.In the Lee Myung Bak - Park Geun Hye regime, the civil press movement was a period of resistance and struggle. Citizen media campaigns have completely collapsed with governance. As a result, the intellectuals who have expertise in the media have lost their place in the discussion and presentation of the policy alternatives in which the policy production is centered. The influence of citizen media organizations, which are centered on activists rather than citizen's direct action, is limited. In order to strengthen the power of the media reform, it is necessary to reconstruct social forces such as civil society, media unions, media organizations and political forces. We should also look for various ways in which citizens can participate actively in the agenda and activities of the movement. In addition, it is necessary to expand the movement of the media.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.144-159
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• 2006

Hydrological models are tools intended to realistically represent the basin's complex system in which hydrological characteristics result from a number of physical, vegetative, climatic, and anthropomorphic factors. Spatially distributed hydrological models were first developed in the 1960s, Remote sensing(RS) data and Geographical Information System(GIS) play a rapidly increasing role in the field of hydrology and water resources development. Although very few remotely sensed data can applied in hydrology, such information is of great. One of the greatest advantage of using RS data for hydrological modeling and monitoring is its ability to generate information in spatial and temporal domain, which is very crucial for successful model analysis, prediction and validation. In this paper, SLURP model is selected as semi-distributed hydrological model and MODIS Leaf Area Index(LAI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) as Remote sensing input data to hydrological modeling of Kyung An-chen basin. The outlet of the Kyung An stage site was simulated, We evaluated two RS data, based on ability of SLURP model to simulate daily streamflows, and How the two RS data influence the sensitivity of simulated Evapotranspiration.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.192-198
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• 2006

Background: Investigating strategy to enhance efficiency of gene transfer via adenovirus is critical to sustain gene expression in targeted cells or tissues to regulate immune responses. However, the use of adenovirus as a gene delivery method has been limited by the native tropism of the virus. In this study, the critical parameter is to improve the efficient binding of viral particles to the plasma membrane prior to cellular uptake. Methods: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) trans-acting activator of transcription (TAT), a protein transduction domain, was fused to the ectodomain of the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR). The CAR-TAT protein was produced from a Drosophila Schneider 2 cells (S2) transfected with CAR-TAT genes. The function of CARTAT was analyzed the efficiency of adenoviral gene transfer by flow cytometry, and then immunizing AdVGFP with CAR-TAT was transduced on dendritic cells (DCs). Results: S2 transfectants secreting CAR-TAT fusion protein has been stable over a period of 6 months and its expression was verified by western blot. Addition of CAR-TAT induced higher transduction efficiency for AdVGFP at every MOI tested. When mice were vaccinated with DC of which adenoviral transduction was mediated by CAR-TAT, the number of IFN-${\gamma}$ secreting T-cells was increased as compared with those DCs transduced without CAR-TAT. Conclusion: Our data provide evidence that CAR-TAT fusion protein enhances adenoviral transduction and immunogenecity of transgenes on DCs and may influence on the development of adenoviral-mediated anti-tumor immunotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.5-33
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• 2009

This study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Supportive Project for the Priority Region of Educational Welfare Investment(SPPREWI) which has been put into action in Korea as a part of national policies for poor school children. In so doing this study aimed to test SPPREWI's legitimacy as well as whether we have to continue this program or not. In order to fulfill this research purpose researchers identified several outcome indicators of SPPREWI, which represent psychosocial and cognitive adjustment. The variables pertaining to psychosocial adjustment domain are: self-concept; depression, anxiety, and suicidal impulse; inclination of assault and indignation; delinquency; school life adjustment; and change in social relations. The variables of cognitive adjustment include recognition of self-control in learning; control strategy of learning behavior; and preparedness for job hunting. In this study the quasi-experimental group contained students from schools which are under the SPPREWI. The control group was composed of students from schools which were free from SPPREWI but under the influence of deteriorating school environment. The quasi-experimental group and the control group were compared in terms of outcome indicators presented earlier. Within the quasi-experimental group both the students below poverty-line and the students above poverty-line were divided into two groups each by the level of service use, and were compared in terms of the outcome variables presented earlier. Study results supported the argument that SPPREWI was effective generally in improving students' school adjustment. Study results also showed that the variable of 'school nurturance' played a significant role in moderating the effect of SPPREWI on a couple of outcome variables specially when schools' overall educational environment was in poor condition. Implication as well as suggestion were presented on the basis of study findings.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.401-405
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• 2004

Undoped SrB $i_2$T $a_2$O$_{9}$, donor-doped Sr$_{0.99}$B $i_2$(Ta$_{0.99}$W$_{0.01}$)$_2$O$_{9}$ and acceptor-doped SrB $i_2$(Ta$_{0.99}$Ti$_{0.01}$)$_2$O$_{8.99$ ceramics were prepared and their microstructure, ferroelectric P-E hysteresis and Curie temperature were investigated. Grain size did not influence P-E hysteresis curve in undoped SrB $i_2$T $a_2$O$_{9}$ ceramics. Donor-Doped Sr$_{0.99}$B $i_2$(Ta$_{0.99}$W$_{0.01}$)$_2$O$_{9}$ ceramics showed more saturated P-E hysteresis curve with larger remanent polarization (P$_{r}$) than undoped SrB $i_2$T $a_2$O$_{9}$ ceramics while acceptor-doped SrB $i_2$(Ta$_{0.99}$Ti$_{0.01}$)$_2$O$_{8.99}$ ceramics led to a pinched P-E hysteresis loop. Larger polarization in donor-doped Sr$_{0.99}$B $i_2$(Ta$_{0.99}$W$_{0.01}$)$_2$O$_{9}$ ceramics resulted from easier domain wall motion by Sr-vacancies.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2008

Dental caries is an infectious disease caused by mutans streptococci, and is a primary etiologic agent of dental caries in humans. The molecular pathogenesis of mutans streptococcal-associated dental caries occurs in three phases. Firstly, S. mutans attaches to tooth surface via a cell surface adhesion termed antigen I/II. In the second phase, the glucosyltransferase(GTFs) synthesize polymers like glucans in the presence of sucrose. In the third phase, the multivalent glucans interacts with glucan binding proteins (GBPs) and they make dental plaque and accumulation of microorganisms. Many studies and clinical trials have indicated that a mucosal immune response to these antigens(Ag I/II, GTFs, GBPs) of S. mutans can influence the pathogenesis of dental caries. So these antigens can be important vaccine candidates for immunologic intervention against dental caries. In this study, we cloned the genes for GTFb, GTFc, GTFd from S. mutans GS-5 and did the nucleotide sequence analysis. And the recombinant proteins of GTFd and N-terminus of GTFd were expressed. Intact GTF which we get from this experiment can be used for antibody production specific for any GTF activity domain through animal experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.3 s.102
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

Che Guevara spearheading the Cuban Revolution was not only the icon as the revolutionary to the New-leftists of the 1960s advocating the ideology of Marxism but, as the cultural revolutionary, had a tremendous influence on the younger generation living in the digital age Che Guevara take on a figure of both the symbol of the Leftist but the romantic revolutionary because he had the external features such as black beret, red stars, military upper jackets and trousers, beard and pipe tobacco. In fact, the symbolic image of Che Guevara was made as the popular image by the avantgarde artists and political vanguard forces of the times under the necessity of Cuban government. Afterwards, the image of Che Guevara has been patronized in making people of aware of the resistant and revolutionary image to capital, power and the power of the media and symbolized as the resistant image to the American capital as well as the revolutionary guerrilla. And his image has continued to be reproduced and symbolized for the commercial and political purposes and as the enthusiastic image of youth culture. This can be seen as having been created as a new image by the popular culture formed by the development of the cyber culture and mass media in the cyberspace shaped by contemporary 'N' generations. The use of Che Guevara's symbolic image was made in the fashion field as well as in the cultural and artistic circles. The borrowing of the icon of Che Guevara represented in a fashion field is attributed to his free spirit, and it can be seen that fashion exists as the vehicle for representing both the symbol system and the sign system containing ideologies and texts as the communicator of resistance to the regime and to social issues. Therefore, this study attempted to investigate the commercial iconization of Che Guevara in the 1990s by comparing the ideology of the symbol in the 1960s and the 1990s and inquire into the borrowing of his image by the fashion domain as well as the fashion worn by him by reference to domestic books and materials on the fashion site. Thereby, this study attempted to make clear that the borrowing of Che Guevara in the realm of fashion since the 1990s not only contained the meaningful interpretation as the symbolic code in the culture of young people living in a digital era but fashion performs an intervening role in the cultural phenomenon.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.129-146
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• 2010

System response times(SRTs) are getting important while increasing the function of system. In the past, most research studied SRTs on situation of computer usage. There are lacking the research on simple domain. This study focuses on behavioral and emotional effect on situation of cell phone usage(experience 1; independent variables: degree of SRTs, dependent variables: behavioral and emotional evaluation). And this study investigates the behavioral and emotional effect in same SRTs on different situation(experience 2; independent variables: degree of SRTs, usage mode, dependent variables: behavioral and emotional evaluation, stress, mental strain). The result indicated that long SRTs increased problem solving time and negative emotion. User evaluated the system differently according to usage mode after they performed the same task. In other word, if user had a strong goal, then they felt more negative emotion and mental effort than the user don't have a strong goal. In the goal mode group, it was important there are being of delay or not. This study demonstrated that SRTs and usage mode influence user's emotion and behavior performance in same task.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.75 no.4
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• pp.140-149
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• 2013

Background: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), an important regulator of plasminogen activator system which controls degradation of extracellular membrane and progression of tumor cells, and PAI-1 gene polymorphic variants have been known as the prognostic biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Recently, experimental in vitro study revealed that transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ initiated PAI-1 transcription through epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. However, there is little clinical evidence on the association between PAI-1 A15T gene polymorphism and prognosis of Korean population with pulmonary adenocarcinoma and the influence of activating mutation of EGFR kinase domain. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 171 patients who were diagnosed with pulmonary adenocarcinoma and undergone EGFR mutation analysis from 1995 through 2009. Results: In all patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, there was no significant association between PAI-1 A15T polymorphic variants and prognosis for overall survival. However, further subgroup analysis showed that the group with AG/AA genotype had a shorter 3-year survival time than the group with GG genotype in patients with EGFR mutant-type pulmonary adenocarcinoma (mean survival time, 24.9 months vs. 32.5 months, respectively; p=0.015). In multivariate analysis of 3-year survival for patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma harboring mutant-type EGFR, the AG/AA genotype carriers had poorer prognosis than the GG genotype carriers (hazard ratio, 7.729; 95% confidence interval, 1.414-42.250; p=0.018). Conclusion: According to our study of Korean population with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, AG/AA genotype of PAI-1 A15T would be a significant predictor of poor short-term survival in patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma harboring mutant-type EGFR.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.83-98
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• 2016

This study investigated the effects of corporate entrepreneurship awareness on organizational effectiveness using a case study of a domestic public institution-something that had not been done before. The main purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship and the personal entrepreneurship of each organization member. Specifically, we studied the effects of four aspects of corporate entrepreneurship-innovation, risk sensitivity, goal orientation, and autonomy-on the effectiveness of the organization with regard to personal entrepreneurship, defined by creativity, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, in a public institution. We examined the mediating role of the facets of private entrepreneurship-innovation, risk sensitivity, and goal orientation-on the effectiveness of organizations. In addition, we examined the correlation between the recognition of an organization and individual innovation, creativity, and entrepreneurship in domestic public institutions. We found that corporate entrepreneurship significantly influences organizational effectiveness. We also found that private entrepreneurship has partially influenced organizational effectiveness. This result indicates that specifically personal entrepreneurship in a public organization with a corporate structure contributes in part to organizational effectiveness. Therefore, the efforts made for disruptive innovation and the innovative strategies of corporates with personal entrepreneurship should be kept up for the long haul in order to influence the achievements of organizations in the public sector significantly. The need of the hour is for public institutions to disseminate and extend entrepreneurship at the national level. Furthermore, studies on corporate entrepreneurship in different fields in organizations in the public domain are needed.