• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.347-351
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• 2014

Inflammation is one mechanism through which cancer is initiated and progresses, and is implicated in the etiology of other conditions that affect cancer risk and prognosis, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and visceral obesity. Emerging human evidence, primarily epidemiological, suggests that walnuts impact risk of these chronic diseases via inflammation. The published literature documents associations between walnut consumption and reduced risk of cancer, and mortality from cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, particularly within the context of the Mediterranean Diet. While encouraging, follow-up in human intervention trials is needed to better elucidate any potential cancer prevention effect of walnuts, per se. In humans, the far-reaching positive effects of a plant-based diet that includes walnuts may be the most critical message for the public. Indeed, appropriate translation of nutrition research is essential for facilitating healthful consumer dietary behavior. This paper will explore the translation and application of human evidence regarding connections with cancer and biomarkers of inflammation to the development of dietary guidance for the public and individualized dietary advice. Strategies for encouraging dietary patterns that may reduce cancer risk will be explored.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.553-557
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• 1996

세균 바이러스 원충 등의 병원체가 생체내에 침입하면 그 부위에 inflammation이 생긴다. 동시에 혈관속에서 흐르고 있는 백혈구가 inflammation site에 집결하는 생체방어반응이 나타난다. 백혈구에는 lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil 그리고 macrophage 등의 세포들이 있는데 염증부위에 이들 모든 세포들이 집결하는 것이 아니다. 또 염증의 종류에 따라 모이는 백혈구의 종류도 다르고 또 염증부위의 시간경과에 따라 침윤되는 백혈구 종류도 다르다. 이런 차이점이 어떠한 mechanism으로 나타나는 것일까? 그리고 혈관내를 맹렬한 속도로 흐르고 있는 백혈구가 어떻게 inflammation site를 인지하고 또 급속하게 정지하고 혈관벽에 부착되어 내피세포를 통과한 후 inflammation site에 모이게 되는가? 이런 의문은 최근의 molecular pathology 연구발전으로 거의 해명하게 되었다. 여기 Kyoa Hakko Institute의 Nishi가 J. Bioscience and Biotechnology, 33, 1995에 발표한 Leukocyte Move into Inflammed Tissues 논문을 간추려서 알기쉽게 해설하고자 한다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.215-218
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• 2008

Purpose : To evaluate the value of panoramic radiography in diagnosing maxillary sinus inflammation. Materials and Methods : A total of 214 maxillary sinuses from 114 panoramic radiographs were assessed in this study. Two independent experienced oral radiologists evaluated the images in random order for sinus inflammation. Using Cone beam CT images as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of panoramic radiography were calculated, and inter- and intraobserver agreement for panoramic interpretation were obtained. Results : The mean sensitivity and specificity of panoramic radiography were 81.0% and 85.6%, respectively. The weighted kappas for inter- and intraobserver agreement of panoramic radiography were 0.56 and 0.60, respectively. Conclusion : Panoramic radiography is a reasonably accurate method for diagnosing maxillary sinus inflammation and can be used for screening. However, additional examinations should be considered in patients with potentially significant pathology. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2008; 38: 215-8)

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2020

Despite enduring diverse insults, mitochondria maintain normal functions through mitochondrial quality control. However, the failure of mitochondrial quality control resulting from excess damage and mechanical defects causes mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to various human diseases. Recent studies have reported that mitochondrial defects are found in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and worsen AD symptoms. In AD pathogenesis, mitochondrial dysfunction-driven generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their contribution to neuronal damage has been widely studied. In contrast, studies on mitochondrial dysfunction-associated inflammatory responses have been relatively scarce. Moreover, ROS produced upon failure of mitochondrial quality control may be linked to the inflammatory response and influence the progression of AD. Thus, this review will focus on inflammatory pathways that are associated with and initiated through defective mitochondria and will summarize recent progress on the role of mitochondria-mediated inflammation in AD. We will also discuss how reducing mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated inflammation could affect AD.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.166-169
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• 1994

The anti-inflammatory activity of acetylsalicylic acid maltol ester (aspalatone), a potential anti-thombotic agent, was studied using the several experimental animal models of inflammation. By oral administration, aspalatone was found to possess the weak anti-inflammatory activity in models of an acute inflammation, in which aspalatone showed approximately one-third to one-fourth of the anti-inflammatory activity of aspirin. Aspalatone (200 mg/kg/day) and aspirin (50 mg/kg/day), however, did not show the inhibitory activity against granuloma fomation and adjuvant-induced arthritis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.84-89
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• 2009

The main stream of CD137 studies has been directed to the function of CD137 in $CD8^+$ T-cell immunity, including its anti-tumor activity, and paradoxically the immunosuppressive activity of CD137, which proves to be of a great therapeutic potential for animal models of a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recent studies, however, add complexes to the biology of CD137. Accumulating is evidence supporting that there exists a bidirectional signal transduction pathway for the CD137 receptor and its ligand (CD137L). CD137/CD137L interactions are involved in the network of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in addition to the well characterized antigen-presenting cell-T cell interactions. Signaling through CD137L plays a critical role in the differentiation of myeloid cells and their cellular activities, suggesting that CD137L signals trigger and sustain inflammation. The overall consequence might be that the amplified inflammation by CD137L enhances the T-cell activity together with CD137 signals by upregulating costimulatory molecules, MHC molecules, cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. Solving this outstanding issue is urgent and will have an important clinical implication.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.466-471
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• 2011

Allergic asthma is complex inflammatory airway disorder caused by genetic and environmental factors. Sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide, is the cause of drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome. Parasites infection also related with eosinophilia and allergic diseases. In the present study, we investigated the modulating effects of parasitic derivative and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on allergic airway inflammation in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine asthma model. Histopathological changes, cytokine secretion, and total and allergen-specific IgE were investigated. BALB/c mice were treated with Ascaris suum extract or SMX for 4 weeks before sensitized and challenged to ovalbumin. Pre-treatment of Ascaris suum extract decreased allergic inflammation in lung tissue and IL-4, total IgE, and OVA-specific IgE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. However, pre-treatment of SMX did not show any effects on allergic airway inflammation. These results indicate that parasitic infection has protective effects on allergic asthma, but the sulfamamides may not relate with allergic asthma.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 2017

Acute bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) are essentially lung inflammatory disorders. Various plant extracts and their constituents showed therapeutic effects on several animal models of lung inflammation. These include coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics, iridoids, monoterpenes, diterpenes and triterpenoids. Some of them exerted inhibitory action mainly by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and nuclear transcription $factor-{\kappa}B$ activation. Especially, many flavonoid derivatives distinctly showed effectiveness on lung inflammation. In this review, the experimental data for plant extracts and their constituents showing therapeutic effectiveness on animal models of lung inflammation are summarized.

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.549-550
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• 2003

Pulpal inflammation is a kind of neurogenic inflammation and it shows vascular changes such as vasodilation and changes in vascular leakage. Various kinds of neuropeptides including substance P (SP) are known to be involved in the pulpal inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of NK1 receptor antagonists on the pulpal blood flow (PBF) when applied iontophoretically through the dentinal cavity of the teeth in order to understand whether iontophoretic ally applied NK1 receptor antagonists can control the pulpal inflammation.(omitted)

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Immoderate energy intake, a sedentary lifestyle, and aging have contributed to the increased prevalence of obesity, sarcopenia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. There is an urgent need for the development of novel pharmacological interventions that can target excessive fat accumulation and decreased muscle mass and/or strength. Adipokines, bioactive molecules derived from adipose tissue, are involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety, inflammation, energy expenditure, insulin resistance and secretion, glucose and lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis. Recently, there is emerging evidence that skeletal muscle and the liver also function as endocrine organs that secrete myokines and hepatokines, respectively. Novel discoveries and research into these organokines (adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines) may lead to the development of promising biomarkers and therapeutics for cardiometabolic disease. In this review, I summarize recent data on these organokines and focus on the role of adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines in the regulation of insulin resistance, inflammation, and atherosclerosis.