• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.210-216
• /
• 2006

The concentrations of 16 priority PAHs (US EPA standard) were analyzed in the surface sediments obtained from 23 sampling sites near Kwangyang Bay in Korea. There was a local variability in the total PAHs ranged from 0.01 to 171.39 mg/kg, with a mean value of $8.13{\pm}24.8mg/kg$. The major pollution sources of PAHs near Kwanyang Bay were Taeindo, Sueo stream and Wallae stream, whose concentrations were 114.81, 38.37 mg/kg and 19.05 mg/kg, respectively. It showed that PAHs concentrations were increased with the decrease of particle size and with the increase of organic carbon contents in three fractioned sediments. From the analysis of PAHs source using LMW/HMW, Phe/Ant, and Fla/Pyr, pyrolysis by-products were mostly showed in Kwangyang Bay and some place showed the mixure of pyrolysis by-products, and crude oil by-products. Besides, the toxic effects assessment on benthic ecosystem for three major pollution sources showed that the PAHs concentration of Taindo which was mainly accumulated with carcinogenic PAHs exceeds ERM value and the PAHs of Sueo and Wallae streams are the degree of ERL value.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.16-24
• /
• 2007

An investigation on the polluted sediments in the Lake Sihwa and the benthos that inhabited on the sediments was conducted. Cost effective remediation alternatives were derived form the results of the investigation. The sediment samples taken from four sampling points out of thirteen showed relatively high heavy metal (particularly copper) concentrations which exceeded the Effects Range Low (ERL) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA. The four sampling points were located in front of industrial complexes. Although the heavy metals appeared to have affected the growth of the benthos, the concentration of it did not exceed the criteria of dredging that were developed by Netherlands or the State of Washington, USA. However, contamination by organic matters and sulfur compounds was severe, which exceeded the criteria of dredging that were established in Japan. The sediments taken from the four sampling points which were contaminated with heavy metals showed higher organic matter content in general. The organic matters in the sediments depleted oxygen in summer, which appeared to be fatal to the benthos. A comprehensive analysis on the sediments, benthos, and other environmental impact from the contaminated sediments drew a conclusion that the benthonic environment of the Lake Sihwa needed a stepwise remediation, giving a particular emphasis on the clean up of the sediments upstram of the Lake which could cause odor problems to the nearby residential area.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.683-690
• /
• 2015

For demolition of offshore facilities, traditional methods such as jackhammer and explosive methods have been often used in construction industry. However, prohibitions for use of those methods are becoming more rigorous especially in environmentally and historically sensitive areas. It was also reported that the explosive demolition method on maritime bedrock can cause a disturbance of ecosystem. For those reasons, use of soundless chemical demolition agent(SCDA) is getting the spotlight. However, researches regarding the mechanical point of SCDA have seldom performed. There is no industrial standard for use of SCDA yet. In this study, a pilot experimental study in order to measure the required expansive pressure that could be generated from SCDA was conducted. Numerical models were developed in order to estimate the required expansive pressures of SCDA for initiating cracks depending on selected key parameters. Obtained results indicate that the required pressure does not decrease linearly as increasing the hole diameter, the number of holes, and the ratio of hole-distance to hole-diameter.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.545-552
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to provide basic information for development of habitat-based conservation strategies of biological diversity in agricultural ecosystem. The carabid beetle assemblages were examined at four kinds of habitats(levee, dike, forest patch remnants and streamside) from three differently stressed areas located in Paltan-myun, Hwaseong city, Korea: agricultural and forest area(site 1), industrial area(site 2), and residential area(site 3). Pitfall trap samplings were carried out 39 times from November 2000 to November 2002. Our study's findings were that the composition of carabid beetle fauna, dominance species, and pattern of carabid beetle assemblage were different among the habitats. The similarity index was highest between two levees in site 2 and 3, and lowest between hillock in site 2 and streamside in site 3, and that among habitats fragmented by road with high traffic was lower than that among any other habitat types. So, we could know that agricultural land use respectively do an important role in diversity conservation and networking. These findings will be used to establish the land use and management plans in the aspects of conservation of biodiversity.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.221-237
• /
• 2006

Domestic laws such as Korea Marine Pollution Prevention Law which has been made and amended according to the conclusions and amendments of various international conventions, especially by MARPOL 73/78, were reviewed and compared with major contents of international conventions, and several alternative measures for legislating new laws or amending existing laws such as Korea Marine Pollution Prevention Law in accordance with new contents and recent amendments of existing and new international conventions were proposed. Annex VI of MARPOL 73/78 has been recently accepted in Korea Marine Pollution Prevention Law which should be applied to ships which are the moving point sources of air pollution at Sea rather than in Korea Air Environment Conservation Law which should be applied to automobiles and industrial installations which are the line and/or point sources of air pollution in land. International Convention for Ship's Ballast Water/Sediment Management should be accepted in Korea Marine Pollution Prevention Law or by a new law in order to prevent domes marine ecosystem and costal environment from the invasion of harmful exotic species through the discharge of ship's ballast water. International Convention for the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on the Ships should be accepted in Korea Marine Pollution Prevention Law which should be applied to ships which are navigating in open sea and coastal waters rather than in Korea Noxious Chemicals Management Law. Basel Convention which shall regulate and prohibit inter-nations movements of noxious chemical substances should be accepted in Korea Marine Pollution Prevention Law in order to prevent the movement and transfer of scrap-purpose tanker ships containing bilge water of oil/water mixtures and chemicals remained on board from advanced countries to developing and/or underdeveloped countries and to conserve global marine environment after all.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.155-167
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to offer the raw data for environment conservation by surveying and analysing the flora distributed over Jinhae-si, and to present the frame for preparing the method of obtaining the bioresource in approach to plant resource. The period of survey was from May, 2005 to June, 2006, and the routes were A(Mt. Jangbok), B(Ahnmin hill) C(Mt. Hwa). The results as follows. The vascular plants were summarized as 447 taxa; 98 families, 286 genera, 394 species, 49 varieties, and 4 forma. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 2 taxa; Tricyrtis dilatata and Viola albida. The Korean endemic plants were 11 taxa; Tricyrtis dilatata, Salix caprea, Carpinus coreana, Melandryum seoulense, Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum uchiyamai, Deutzia coreana, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora, Lespedeza maritima, Forsythia koreana and Weigela subsessilis.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.50 no.6
• /
• pp.1056-1063
• /
• 2012

Recent rapidly growth in nanotechnolgies is promised novel benefits through the exploitation of their unique industrial and biomedical applications. With increasing utilization of nanomaterials in consumer products, the potential release of nanomaterials into the environment and their impacts on the ecosystem and human health have been the issues of concern. Nanomaterials that was exposed unintentionally in environment might be accumulated in various environmental media, and finally it will be influenced to human and ecosystems. Therefore, it is important to understand the fate and behavior of nanoparticles for understanding effects on environmental media (air, water, and soil phase). Therefore, in this work, we investigated the several cases for environmental exposure of nanomaterials and suggested the direction of further research. In workplace, exposure to air media is dominant, but finally waste and wastewater was moved to the water and soil phase. In addition, we found the existing sewage treatment plant was not suitable to remove completely nanomaterials in wastewater flow. To deeper study, environmental monitoring tool must be developed additionally and we suggested the several analyzing method for aged and pristine physicochemical properties of nanomaterials exposed into environmental media. This review for nanomaterials' exposure to environmental media will be helpful to investigate the environmental fate of nanomaterials and define the suitable treatment method for nano-waste.

• Industry Promotion Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 2020

Social co-operatives, which are working positively to realize the economic and social purpose of being carried out directly through products and services producing the public interest, are steadily expanding under the public interest mission of social co-operatives. It has important theoretical and practical significance to study the model of social co-operatives tailored to the local situation in Korea based on international experience. This study looks at the international status of social co-operatives, international cases, and puts forward problems and suggestions centering on cases of advanced countries. It sought to find a solution to what society required only by solving the problems necessary for sustainable economic growth. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, the social cooperatives of advanced countries, such as Italy, Canada, and France, were organized, compared and analyzed. The study found that the implications of co-operatives in Italy, France and Canada are as follows. First, it is needed to adhere to the principles of co-operatives in pending issues such as social problems and employment and jobs in the community. Second, it is necessary to establish a supportive financial system for the cooperative's initial stability and sustainability. Third, the ecosystem of co-operatives should be formed to support and foster legal systems and network organizations.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.147-161
• /
• 2017

Korea is a country having shortage of natural resources, but to overcome this issue and to nurture national competitiveness it is challenging for national-lead economic policy, citizen's dedicated efforts and technological innovation for achieving economic growth. Since the financial crisis, the government has boldly promoted policies to nurture venture companies to make structural adjustments for the sophistication of the industrial structure and job creation. Various policies for establishing the foundation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in which the process of start-up, growth, recovery and reinvest are virtually circulated are presented by the Business Incubators. Recently the Business Incubators neither present a direction differentiated from the vocation of Business Incubator, and nor the operating methods for leading the changing of Business Incubator environment, which threatening the role of Incubating and growing early startup companies. In order to explore the development change of the business incubator, in this research we analyzed the published papers from 1998 to 2016 of business incubator government polices, research methods, related research topics and other major variables. The analysis of the research trends of business incubator revealed the lack of depth case studies, diversity of research topics, and the study of certain limited variables. For the development of the business incubator, case studies of the institutions which carried out excellent incubator and research on the incubation system of the institutions, that are similar to the incubation center are required. This research suggest further research on the case studies of excellent business incubator and agencies, and the center director and manager, which is the center of human resources, and hopes for the revitalization of business incubator researches.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.287-295
• /
• 2015

This study was conducted to find the suitability site selection for the construction of Saemangeum horticulture complex taking into account cost-effective environmental management by analyzing and comparing meteorological conditions. The study sites were regions around the Saemangeum area in which the development of an industrial complex extending 28,300 ha is planned. We collected meteorological data in 12 candidate sites and established a rating scheme and thematic maps. We selected ten themes by consulting experts using a questionnaire. Selected ten themes is Summer, 20 days max. temp. mean, Winter, 20 days min. temp. mean, Summer, 90 days temp. mean, Winter, 90 days temp. mean, Year-round, max. wind velocity, Year-round, wind velocity mean, Winter, 90 days solar radiation mean, Year-round, number of foggy days, Year-round, 1 day max. rainfall and Spring. 90 days humidity mean. And we set ratio-based weights for the evaluation parameters.