• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.287-301
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• 2024

Purpose: This paper aims to verify the difference in production resilience between local clusters and regions without clusters before and after a major crisis. Furthermore, this paper aims to identify the clusters' quality factors that impact clusters' shock vulnerability and resilience. Methods: Utilizing open-source data from the US Cluster Mapping platform, this paper compares regions with industrial clusters to those without using the Differences-in-Differences (DID) estimator. It considers the regions with industrial clusters as a treatment group and others as the control group, comparing the period before and after the pandemic. Additionally, the paper examines which cluster factors make a difference in economic resilience during the crisis using Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD). Results: The study finds that regions with industrial clusters show higher production resilience compared to regions without clusters. Moreover, the number of establishments, annual payrolls, and employment can have a positive impact on resilience during the pandemic shock. Conclusion: Though clusters could be vulnerable during the global crisis, industrial clusters can contribute to regional economic development and production resilience in the long-term aspect. Thus, it is required to construct a high-quality local cluster and support it during the economic crisis in the long-term aspect.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.491-505
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• 2019

This study analyzes global fashion clusters to provide insight for the domestic fashion market to form a competitive fashion cluster. We examine formation factors and operation types of the global fashion clusters to understand their characteristics. We also explore the effectiveness of each global fashion cluster by investigating the stage of development in fashion clusters. Fourteen cases of global fashion clusters are collected and analyzed. First, global fashion clusters show three types of formation and operation: self-formation, self-formation & government based development, and government, institute, and enterprise based formation & development. Second, the characteristics of global fashion clusters are based on functions related to space, learning, innovation, network, and knowledge. Third, there are four steps in the development stage of global fashion clusters: professional clusters, industrial clusters, learning clusters and innovative industrial clusters. In particular, innovative industrial clusters, the final stage of development, have high levels of effectiveness in terms of co-growth and collaboration among fashion-related businesses in fashion clusters. The results of this study can help guide the development of local fashion cluster in Korea.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.95-119
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• 2024

While several recent studies have investigated the spatial distribution of entrepreneurship within the Seoul metropolitan area, they have not thoroughly examined the relationship between the industrial composition and spatial distribution of entrepreneurial clusters. To address this gap, this study initially identified entrepreneurial clusters through hotspot analysis using Getis-Ord Gi* with venture capital investment data from 2021. Subsequently, to analyze the industrial composition of the identified clusters, we measured not only their industrial diversity and specialization, but also the share of software and non-software industries. Additionally, we examined the government policies related to the formation of the clusters. As a result, we identified fourteen prominent entrepreneurial clusters within the Seoul metro area and revealed that the clusters located closer to the city centers exhibited higher levels of industrial diversity and a greater share of software industries. Conversely, clusters situated farther from the city centers demonstrated a higher share of non-software industries. Furthermore, we found that government policies affect the industrial specialization of suburban clusters. Nevertheless, we observed several exceptions that diverged from the general trends due to policy interventions. These findings underscore that formulating policies for entrepreneurial clusters in metropolitan areas should be based on these insights.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.133-144
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• 2001

Clusters mean geographic concentrations of interconnected companies and institutions in a particular field. Geographic, cultural, and institutional proximity provides companies with special access, closer relationships, better information, powerful incentives, and other advantages that are difficult to tap from a distance. And clusters are the knowledge-sharing networks which are composed of co-existence of related industries and supporting industries, sophisticated demand, sponsor of various exhibitions and events, liaison of peripheries and clusters, liaison of clusters and clusters, and governments' willingness for promoting clusters' development.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.130-147
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• 2017

This paper aims to identify the spatial concentrations and linkage properties of industrial clusters in the Chungbuk Province region in Korea using a three-step approach, which is composed of the cluster index, Getis-Ord's $Gi^*$, and qualitative input-output analysis. The results of the study reveal: a) what industrial sectors are concentrated and where they are; b) where the spatially interdependent industries are; and c) how the industrial sectors of the identified clusters in different locations are vertically interconnected. In addition, the degree of strength of the interindustry linkages between industrial clusters are assessed. Based on the findings, some plausible industrial policies are suggested.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.23-43
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• 2005

Industrial clusters are geographical concentrations of interconnected companies, specialised suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions (for example, universities, standard agencies, and trade associations) that combine to create new products and/or services in specific lines of business. At present, the concept of industrial cluster becomes very popular worldwide, policy makers at national, regional and local levels and business people in both forerunner and latecomer countries are keen to implement the cluster concept as an economic development model. Though understanding of clusters and related promoting policies varies from one place to another, the underlying benefits of clusters from collective learning and knowledge spillovers between participating actors strongly attract the attention of these people. In Thailand, a latecomer country in terms of technological catching up, the cluster concept has been used as a means to rectify weakness and fragmentation of its innovation systems. The present Thai government aspires to apply the concept to promote both high-tech manufacturing clusters, services clusters and community-based clusters at the grass-root level. This paper analyses three very different clusters in terms of technological sophistication and business objectives, i.e., hard disk drive, software and chili paste. It portrays their significant actors, the extent of interaction among them and the evolution of the clusters. Though are very dissimilar, common characteristics attributed to qualified success are found. Main driving forces of the three clusters are cluster intermediaries. Forms of these organizations are different from a government research and technology organization (RTO), an industrial association, to a self-organised community-based organization. However, they perform similar functions of stimulating information and knowledge sharing, and building trust among participating firms/individuals in the clusters. Literature in the cluster studies argues that government policies need to be cluster specific. In this case, the best way to design and implement cluster-specific policies is through working closely with intermediaries and strengthening their institutional especially in linking member firms/individuals to other actors in clusters such as universities, government R&D institutes, and financial institutions.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.169-184
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• 2000

Industrial clusters and their boundaries are identified by factor and hot spot analyses for the greater Cincinnati metropolitan area in USA. While traditional input-output approach identified aspatial industrial clusters, this study combines traditional approach with GIS techniques to identify their boundaries. Combining the results of input-output industrial clusters with the leading industries groups, we have identified five leading industry clusters. They are food (20), chemicals (28), metal manufacturing (32), metal products (33), and machinery (35). We also used hot spot analysis to visualize each industry cluster on the research area by using Arcview software. Determining the degree to which such industries are associated spatially and their spatial delimitation may be an additional approach to measuring the efficiency of the spatial organization of an economy. It is hoped that the industrial clusters and industrial spatial clusters approaches may also proved the basis for the development of new models of the spatial arrangement of industry at a level more aggregated than that of the single plant or firm.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.514-530
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• 2022

Industrial clusters are being promoted in various ways to enhance industrial competitiveness around the world. This study aims to examine the formation and development process of regional industrial clusters in Bavaria, which are strengthening the competitiveness of local industrial enterprises and leading the continuous development of related industries in Germany, which shows stable industrial growth amidst global competition. To this end, this study first theoretically overviews the regional industrial clusters, followed by a case study of the development process and characteristics of cluster promotion policy in Bavaria, Germany. In particular, this study seeks to identify the formation and organization system of industrial clusters in Bavaria. Based on these analysis results, this study examines the main characteristics and success factors of regional industrial clusters in Bavaria, Germany, and tries to derive policy implications for creating and fostering industrial clusters in the future.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.197-223
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• 2005

The industrial cluster policy of 21st century rise to the focus method of regional economic promotion, therefore, the importance of study in cluster identification and mapping as policy task will bring into relief. This paper will confirms the estimate index and policy of industrial clusters with regional industry. The result in this case study, Cluster development should embrace the pursuit of competitive advantage and specialization rather than simply imitate successful clusters in other locations. This requires building on local sources of uniqueness. Government should reinforce and building on existing and emerging clusters rather than attempt to create entirely new ones. This sort of role for government is very different from industrial policy. The aim of cluster policy is to reinforce the development of all clusters. Not all clusters will succeed, but market forces should determine the outcomes. In other words, government should build on market- oriented system and innovative infra. The result of this study is meaning to the development of objectivity estimate index and derivation of cluster-focused policy with a case study of industrial clusters.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.599-621
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• 2011

The role of local economies in pursuing national economic development has expanded with greater influence. So a number of countries have adopted industrial cluster policies for regional and national economic development. Korean government, by the same token, puts emphasis on industrial cluster policies. But the academic studies on the necessities and effects of industrial clusters for Korean shipbuilding industry have been carried out little in Korean due to the lack of empirical studies on Korean industrial clusters. So this study focuses on analysing the industrial clusters in the Busan, Ulsan, Koungnam as southeast area of Korea. To be more specific, this study intends to provide answers to the following question: Are there industrial clusters in the Busan, Ulsan, Koungnam as southeast area of Korea analysed by the Location Quotient(LQ) analysis method? And as a consequence, Shipbuilding industrial clusters of southeast area of Korea were not identified.