• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1993

약용으로 널리 이용되는 산수유(Cornus officinalisis)의 기내육종을 위한 기초 연구로 액아배양을 통한 기내 대량증식 가성을 검토한 결과, 1) 액아 배양에 적합한 배지로는 MS 배지와 DKW 배지가 77%의 신초형성율을 보여 가장 양호하였고 WPM과 GD배지는 다소 저조하였다. 2) 얻어진 기내 Shoot의 증식에는 DKW가 6.8개의 신초를 형성하고 신초장이 4.5cm, 엽수도 10.8개로 가장 우수하였고 B5 > GD > MS >WPM의 순이었다. 3) Shoot 증식에 적합한 sucrose의 농도는 MS배지의 경우 3%가 좋았으며, 농도가 높아질수록 신초의 기내 생육에 제한적이었으며, 활성탄의 영향으로는 배지내 농도가 $2\;g\;/\;{\ell}$ 까지 증가할 수록 개체의 생육이 양호한 경향이었다. 4) MS배지의 경우 무기염류의 농도는 2MS에 비하여 1/4MS까지 낮아질수록 기내 생육에 적합하였다. 5) Shoot증식을 위하여 BA $0.5mg\;/\;{\ell}$에 auxin을 종류별로 혼합 첨가한 결과 2,4-D 첨가구의 경우 Callus의 생장이 가장 왕성하였으나 Shoot 증식에는 극히 제한적이었고, IAA와 IBA 처리는 Callus가 전혀 유기되지 않는 반면 multiple shoot가 형성되었으며, NAA에서는 Callus형성과 Shoot증식 이 모두 이루어졌다. 6) 신초의 기내 발근유도 시험에서는 MS매지에 NAA $0.5mg\;/\;{\ell}\;와\;BA\;0.5mg\;/\;{\ell}$를 첨가한 처리에서 신초로부터 정상근이 분화 되었으나 5% 비율로 낮았다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2006

Plantlet regeneration in Asteracantha longifolia(L.) Nees (Acanthaceae), a medicinal herb has been achieved from seedling explants on basal MS medium. Three different seedling explants including node, internode and leaf segments on used. Of these three explant, leaf explants gave better response for both callus mediated organogenesis and direct multiple shoot induction. Number of explants showing differentiation of shout buds was higher on MS media supplemented with BA compared to kinetin. MS medium fortified with BA ($2.0mgl^{-1}$) and NAA ($0.5mgl^{-1}$) was found to be most suitable for both callus mediated organogenesis and elongation of shouts. The elongated shoots were successfully routed on MS medium fortified with NAA or IBA. Among them $0.1mgl^{-1}$ NAA or $0.2mgl^{-1}$ IBA provides better response for rhizogenesis. Regenerated plantlets were successfully established in soil where 85.4% or them developed into morphologically normal and fertile plants. RAPD profiling using four decamer primers confirmed the genetic uniformity of the regenerated plantlets and substantiated the efficacy and suitability of this protocol for in vitro propagation of A. longifolia.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2019

Ginger is an important monocotyledonous plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. The objective of this study was to investigate the regeneration potential of ginger using leaf base explants. Auxins such as 2, 4-D and NAA in combination with BA were used for initiation of callus. Different combinations of both ammonium ($NH^{4+}$) and nitrate ($NO^{3-}$) were also studied for efficient callus production. High frequency of white friable calli was observed on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2, 4-D, 0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L BA. The highest shoot induction (92.33%), shootlets number ($7.33{\pm}0.33$) and length ($88.33{\pm}4.40$) mm were achieved on MS media containing 0.5 mg/L BA. Regenerated shoots were transferred to in vitro rooting media containing 1.0 mg/L IBA. Afterwards, plantlets with well-developed root and shoot system were subjected to a twostep hardening process. 71% of plantlets survived after secondary hardening without any abnormal morphology.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2014

Wild Korean ginseng has been recognized as highly precious medicine since ancient times. Nowadays, the population of wild ginseng in the forest of Korean peninsula is very rare due to indiscreet harvest. In this work, we investigated the plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from embryogenic callus of old wild ginseng (more than 50 years-old) and compared the features of plants regenerated from 5-years old and 50 years-old ginseng. Induction of embryogenic callus from adventitious roots of 50 year-old wild ginseng required 83 weeks of culture, but only 10 weeks were sufficient for 5 year-old ginseng. Height and width of plants derived from the old wild ginseng was smaller and slender compared to the plantlets derived from 5 year-old ginseng. Total chlorophyll contents was 2-6 time lower in plantlets regenerated from 50 year-old wild ginseng than those from 5 year-old ginseng, but anthocyanin content was higher in 50 year-old ginseng. Our results revealed that plants regenerated from old wild ginseng have different morphological and physiological characters probably due to age-dependent phenomenon.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1999

An artificial symbiosis was established between diazotropic Azomonas insignis and strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa). The partnership was created by in vitro techniques through callus induction and organogenesis. The basis of this partnerships is the bacterial dependence on the plants metabolic activity, using maltose in the medium as a carbon and energy source which can be utilized by the plant cells only. The presence of bacteria in the intercellular spaces of the callus tissues and regenerated plants was proven by microscopic techniques. Nitrogenase activity could also be detected in the plant tissues. For successful and high frequency introduction of bacteria to the plant tissues, biolistic gun method was used. On the basis of the DNA transfer method, Azotobacter vinelandii bacteria were delivered directly into strawberry tissues by the particle bombardment. This was the first use of living bacteria as microprojectils for bombardment of plant tissues. The treatment was successful, the presence of bacteria in the developing callus tissue and regenerated plants were detected by light and electron microscopy.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2006

Commercial cultivars and elite germplasms of barely (Hordeum vulgare L) are still recalcitrant to genetic transformation because of the lack of an efficient regeneration system. In this study, we established an efficient plant regeneration procedure from embryogenic calli derived from mature embryos. Callus induction from germinated mature embryos was best as over 95% in CIM medium (CI medium containing $2.5mg/{\ell}$ dicamba) under dark incubation. Development of embryogenic callus was highest as over 50% in CI3D medium (EC medium supplemented with $3mg/{\ell}$ 2,4-D). The highest regeneration of plants from embryogenic callus (40%) was obtained with CIS medium ($SI+1mg/{\ell}IAA\;and\;2mg/{\ell}\;BA$). These plant regeneration conditions could be useful in improving barley transformation efficiency.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 1999

Mutants of the monopartite geminivirus beet curly top virus (BCTV) have been screened for infectivity, systemic movement, replication and symptom development in Arabidopsis thaliana. As known by coding for coat protein, R1 mutant was not infectious and did not move systemically. R2, R3 and L2/L3 mutants produced milder symptoms compared to wild type BCTV but the infectivity was reduced by 40% to 60%. R2 ORF is thought to be involved in the regulation of ssDNA and dsDNA accumulation because only dsDNA was accumulated on R2-infected organs. Disruption of ORF L4 resulted in reduced infections, but the viral DNA was accumulated in infected organs from roots to shoot tips as much as wild type BCTV on Sei-O. In addition, 4 mutants did not produce callus-like tissues on infected organs, suggesting that L4 ORF may play a role in the induction of host cell divisions by virus infection. This result was supported by the patterns of mRNA expression and promoter analysis of the cell cycle marker gene, cycl, on Arabidopsis. cycl mRNA was accumulated on symptomatic organs by wild type BCTV infections but not by L4 mutant. We conclude that the BCTV L4 ORF is essential for symptom developments, specially callus-like formation on infected organs.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.245-249
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• 2003

This study was carried out to establish a regeneration system from leaf explant of purple sweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas L.) The optimal concentrations of plant growth regulators for callus induction and shoot formation were determined. The optimal combination for callus formation was 1$\mu$M 2,4-D 5$\mu$M BM, and highest yield of embryogenic calli were observed on Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing 0.5$\mu$M 2,4-D under light condition after 4weeks of culture. Embryogenec callus was subcultured on medium supplemented with 5$\mu$M ABA for 4 days. Subsequently, regeneration of adventitious shoots occurred when these embryogenic calli were transferred onto medium with 3∼6$\mu$M gibberellic acid. Regenerated shoots were developed into normal plantlets.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1980

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 감자의 생장점배양시(生長點培養時) 기본배지(基本培地)에 첨가(添加)되는 2.4-D, NAA 및 Benzyladenine이 감자의 생장점(生長點)으로 부터의 기관(器官)의 분화(分化) 및 생장(生長)과 Callus의 유기(誘起)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하여 기내배양(器內培養)을 이용(利用)한 감자 대량번식방안수립(大量繁殖方案樹立)을 위(爲)한 기초정보(基礎情報)를 얻고져 수행(遂行)하였던 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. BA의 농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)됨에 따라 경(莖)의 신장(伸長)은 현저(顯著)히 촉진(促進)되었으나 BA를 첨가(添加)한 배지상(培地上)에서는 근(根) 및 Callus는 전혀 유기(誘起)되지 않았다. 2. 0.5mg/l 혹(或)은 그 이상(以上)의 NAA를 첨가(添加)한 배지상(培地上)에서는 경(莖)이 전혀 분화(分化)되지 않았고 공시개체전부(供試個體全部)에서 Callus만 유기(誘起)되었으며 Callus의 생장(生長)은 NAA의 농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)될 수록 현저(顯著)히 촉진(促進)되었다. 3. NAA를 0.1mg/l 이상(以上) 첨가(添加)한 배지상(培地上)에서는 약(約) 50% 이상(以上)의 개체(個體)에서 근(根)이 발생(發生)되었으나 2.4-D를 첨가(添加)한 배지상(培地上)에서는 전혀 근(根)의 발생(發生)이 없었다. 4. 1.0mg/l 이상(以上)의 2.4-D를 첨가(添加)한 배지상(培地上)에서는 경(莖)의 분화(分化)가 전혀 없었으며 2.4-D 0.1mg/l까지는 2.4-D의 농도(濃度)를 높일수록 경(莖)의 신장(伸長)은 촉진(促進)되었다. 5. Callus의 유기(誘起) 및 생장(生長)에는 2.4-D보다 NAA가 현저(顯著)히 효과적(效果的)이었고 2.0mg/l 첨가(添加)한 MS배지(培地)가 Callus의 유기(誘起) 및 생장(生長)에는 가장 적합(適合)하였다. 6. 식물체(植物體)의 재분화(再分化)에는 MS배지(培地)에 BA 2.0 및 NAA 0.1mg/l 혹(或)은 BA 1.0 및 2.4-D 0.1mg/l를 첨가(添加)한 배지(培地)가 가장 효과적(效果的)이었다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2001

이탈리안 라이그래스의 종자배양에서 캘러스 형성 및 식물체 재분화 체계를 확립하기 위하여 기본배지와 탄소원의 종류별 식물체 재분화 정도 및 배양효율의 품종 간 차이 등에 대한 실험을 수행하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 기본배지의 종류에 따른 캘러스 형성 및 식물체 재분화율은 MS 배지가 N6 배지나 B5 배지보다 높게 나타났다. 배지 내에 첨가되는 탄소원의 종류에 따른 식물체 재분화율은 sucrose가 maltose보다 효과적이었다. 이탈리안 라이그래스의 종자배양에 있어서 모식물의 genotype에 따라 식물체 재분화 능력은 큰 차이를 보였으며, 공시품종 중 'Rio' 와 'Jeanne' 의 재분화 능력이 각각 38%와 56%로 가장 높았다.