• 제목/요약/키워드: individual rehabilitation

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The current state and prospects of travel business development under the COVID-19 pandemic

  • Tkachenko, Tetiana;Pryhara, Olha;Zatsepina, Nataly;Bryk, Stepan;Holubets, Iryna;Havryliuk, Alla
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • 제21권12spc호
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    • pp.664-674
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    • 2021
  • The relevance of this scientific research is determined by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the current trends and dynamics of world tourism development. This article aims to identify patterns of development of the modern tourist market, analysis of problems and prospects of development in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. General scientific methods and methods of research are used in the work: analysis, synthesis, comparison, analysis of statistical data. The analysis of the viewpoints of foreign and domestic authors on the research of the international tourist market allowed us to substantiate the actual directions of tourism development due to the influence of negative factors connected with the spread of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Economic-statistical, abstract-logical, and economic-mathematical methods of research were used during the process of study and data processing. Results. The analysis of the current state of the tourist market by world regions was carried out. It was found that tourism is one of the most affected sectors from COVID-19, as, by the end of 2020, the total number of tourist arrivals in the world decreased by 74% compared to the same period in 2019. The consequence of this decline was a loss of total global tourism revenues by the end of 2020, which equaled $1.3 trillion. 27% of all destinations are completely closed to international tourism. At the end of 2020, the economy of international tourism has shrunk by about 80%. In 2020 the world traveled 98 million fewer people (-83%) relative to the same period last year. Tourism was hit hardest by the pandemic in the Asia-Pacific region, where travel restrictions are as strict as possible. International arrivals in this region fell by 84% (300 million). The Middle East and Africa recorded declines of 75 and 70 percent. Despite a small and short-lived recovery in the summer of 2020, Europe lost 71% of the tourist flow, with the European continent recording the largest drop in absolute terms compared with 2019, 500 million. In North and South America, foreign arrivals declined. It is revealed that a significant decrease in tourist flows leads to a massive loss of jobs, a sharp decline in foreign exchange earnings and taxes, which limits the ability of states to support the tourism industry. Three possible scenarios of exit of the tourist industry from the crisis, reflecting the most probable changes of monthly tourist flows, are considered. The characteristics of respondents from Ukraine, Germany, and the USA and their attitude to travel depending on gender, age, education level, professional status, and monthly income are presented. About 57% of respondents from Ukraine, Poland, and the United States were planning a tourist trip in 2021. Note that people with higher or secondary education were more willing to plan such a trip. The results of the empirical study confirm that interest in domestic tourism has increased significantly in 2021. The regression model of dependence of the number of domestic tourist trips on the example of Ukraine with time tendency (t) and seasonal variations (Turˆt = 7288,498 - 20,58t - 410,88∑5) it forecast for 2020, which allows stabilizing the process of tourist trips after the pandemic to use this model to forecast for any country. Discussion. We should emphasize the seriousness of the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that many experts and scientists believe in the long-term recovery of the tourism industry. In our opinion, the governments of the countries need to refocus on domestic tourism and deal with infrastructure development, search for new niches, formats, formation of new package deals in new - domestic - segment (new products' development (tourist routes, exhibitions, sightseeing programs, special rehabilitation programs after COVID) -19 in sanatoriums, etc.); creation of individual offers for different target audiences). Conclusions. Thus, the identified trends are associated with a decrease in the number of tourist flows, the negative impact of the pandemic on employment and income from tourism activities. International tourism needs two to four years before it returns to the level of 2019.

잠재프로파일 분석을 활용한 한국 노인 라이프스타일 유형화와 영향요인 분석 (Predicting Healthy Lifestyle Patterns in Older Community Dwelling Adults: A Latent Profile Analysis)

  • 박강현;양민아;원경아;박지혁
    • 재활치료과학
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.75-93
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    • 2021
  • 목적 : 본 연구는 고령자의 라이프스타일이 어떤 형태로 유형화되는지에 대해 라이프스타일 잠재 집단 유형을 분석하고 각 집단의 유형별 특성을 파악하여 고령자의 건강과 삶의 질 증진을 위한 기초자료를 마련하기 위해 수행되었다. 연구방법 : 본 연구에는 횡단연구방법이 사용되었다. 2019년 4월부터 5월까지 고령자의 라이프스타일 유형을 파악하기 위해 만 65세 이상의 국내 지역사회 거주 노인 184명을 대상으로 설문조사가 이루어 졌다. 수집된 설문자료를 활용하여 잠재프로파일분석(LPA)을 실시하였고, 도출된 각 유형별 특성과 영향요인을 확인하기 위해 χ2 검정, 다항로지스틱회귀분석 등을 활용하였다. 결과 : 연구결과, 고령자의 라이프스타일은 중 첫 번째 영역인 신체적 활동부분에서는 '소극적 운동 참여형(31.1%)', '저강도 운동 집중형(54.5%)'과 '균형적 운동 참여형(14.5%)'인 3개의 잠재집단으로 분류되었다. 활동 참여의 경우 '비활동형(12%)', '생활유지형(61%)', '활동적 노년형(27%)'인 3집단으로 분류되었으며, 마지막 식이습관에 대한 경우 '전반적 영양부족형(13.5%)'과 '균형적 영양 섭취형(86.5%)' 2집단으로 분류되었다. 또한 라이프스타일 유형이 고령자의 건강과 삶의 만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 다항로지스틱회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 활동적·균형적 라이프스타일에 속할수록 삶의 질과 건강 수준이 전반적으로 높은 곳으로 확인되었다. 또한 이러한 유형의 예측요인에서 성별, 교육수준, 거주지역 등이 주요하게 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 고령자가 보다 다양한 활동에 균형적으로 참여하고, 활동적인 일상생활을 수행할 때 건강과 삶의 만족도가 증진됨이 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 토대로 고령자의 라이프스타일 유형에 맞춘 실증적·정책적 개입 방안을 제안하였다.