• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2015

Project Financing (PF) is a financing method, executed based upon the projected profitability from a project itself instead of relying on the credit rating of project sponsors or any type of collateral. However, most financial institutions of Korea lacks the long term profitability assessment capability, and they prefer to acquire credit reinforcement from the construction companies in the form of the guarantor or debt argument commitments. As a result, PF contingent liabilities as an indirect debt, are burdened to the construction companies. Even though the PF contingent liabilities are not supposed to be part of the financial statements, they became a mandatory disclosure items since 2009. In this study, PF contingent liabilities were studied to indicate how they were correlated with construction firms' financial ratios. Construction firms were grouped by their credit rating and each group was compared in order to analyze PF contingent liabilities' impact on the financial condition of the company in terms of liquidity, liability, and stability.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
• /
• v.52 no.7
• /
• pp.275-281
• /
• 2003

$Zn_{0.5}Cd_{0.5}Al_{2}Se_{4}$ and $Zn_{0.5}Cd_{0.5}Al_{2}Se_{4}$:$Co^{2+}$ single crystals were grown by CTR method. The grown single crystals have defect chalcopyrite structure with lattice constant a=5.5966$\AA$, c=10.8042$\AA$ for the pure, a=5.6543$\AA$, c=10.8205$\AA$ for the Co-doped single crystal, respectively. The optical energy band gap was given as indirect band gap. The optical energy band gap was decreased according to add of Co-impurity Temperature dependence of optical energy band gap was fitted well to the Varshni equation. From this relation, we can deduced the entropy, enthalpy and heat capacity. Also, we can observed the Co-impurity optical absorption peaks assigned to the $Co^{2+}$ ion sited at the $T_{d}$ symmetry lattice and we consider that they were attributed to the electron transitions between energy levels of ions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.279-289
• /
• 2017

This paper presents some of the methods used to incorporate the parts constituting a product. A new relation function concept and its structure are introduced to analyze the relationships of component parts. This relation function has three types of information, which can be used to establish a relation function structure. The relation function structure of the analysis criteria was established to analyze and present the data. The priority components determined by the analysis criteria can be integrated. The analysis criteria were divided based on their number and orientation, as well as their direct or indirect characteristic feature. This paper presents a design algorithm for component integration. This algorithm was applied to actual products, and the components inside the product were integrated. Therefore, the proposed algorithm was used to conduct research to improve the brake discs for bicycles. As a result, an improved product similar to the related function structure was actually created.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.75-81
• /
• 2005

The GNUnet in P2P system have solved an anonymous(publisher, storer, demander); a service of condition equal for peer. The GNUnet for an anonymous has separated a file and dispersed to the network. But, the 1Kbyte block size of the GNUnet is a creation of many additional block. I and R block has created with indirect point of D block The waste of I and R block appeared to 4% of the original file and the additional network traffic for the block transmission. To resolve the problems, this paper proposes an new scheme of file splitting distribution using P2P networks with the new GNUnet protocol, The GNUnet support minimization of the additional block and for a network traffic. It proposed an efficiency improvement of encording block and routing algorithm.

• Explosives and Blasting
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2006

In this study, a charging density has been differently applied to all holes to improve an excavated length per round on excavating a tunnel in quartzite mine and to prevent a dead pressure phenomena and sintering phenomena. A composition initiating system using simultaneously a direct initiating system and a indirect initiating system with 2 detonators in one hole has been introduced to cut holes. As a bottom part which is difficult to make a free face are charged with a higher charging density and a column part are charged with a lower charging density, the composition charging and initiating system which the power of explosives works effectively in the rock mass is developed. As the results, a dead pressure phenomena and a sintering phenomena being often produced in a hard rock or in a long hole could be prevented. Besides, the workability was improved by about 15% and the specific charge was reduced to about 20%, as an excavated length vs. a drilled length per round could be increased over 95%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.13-30
• /
• 2020

This study aims to analyze the qualitative and quantitative effects of environmental policies in terms of green space management using logistic regression model(LRM). Landsat satellite imageries in 1985, 1992, 2000, 2008, and 2015 are classified using a hybrid-classification method. Based on these classified maps, logistic regression model having a deforestation tendency of the past is built. Binary green space change map is used for the dependent variable and four explanatory variables are used: distance from green space, distance from settlements, elevation, and slope. The green space map of 2008 and 2015 is predicted using the constructed model. The conservation effect of Ulsan's environmental policies is quantified through the numerical comparison of green area between the predicted and real data. Time-series analysis of green space showed that restoration and destruction of green space are highly related to human activities rather than natural land transition. The effect of green space management policy was spatially-explicit and brought a significant increase in green space. Furthermore, as a result of quantitative analysis, Ulsan's environmental policy had effects of conserving and restoring 111.75㎢ and 175.45㎢ respectively for the periods of eight and fifteen years. Among four variables, slope was the most determinant factor that accounts for the destruction of green space in the city. This study presents logistic regression model as a way of evaluating the effect of environmental policies that have been practiced in the city. It has its significance in that it allows us a comprehensive understanding of the effect by considering every direct and indirect effect from other domains, such as air and water, on green space. We conclude discussing practicability of implementing environmental policy in terms of green space management with the focus on a non-statutory plan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.663-674
• /
• 2002

The objectives of this study were 1) to ascertain whether there was a difference in product performance (expressive or instrumental), which consumer recognized after using, related to consumer involvement toward clothing, 2) to clarify the effect of product performance on consumption emotion(positive or negative), 3) to investigate the effect of consumption emotion on satisfaction, and 4) to find out whether product performance had a direct effect on satisfaction toward product. The study was conducted in three steps. Through the two steps, measurement instruments were developed. At the last step, judgement sampling method were utilized to collect the data and subjects were 614 university students. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model analysis were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows: 1) Consumer involvement had an effect on product performances but it was related to the expressive product performance more than to the instrumental product performance. 2) Product performance had positive influence on positive consumption emotion, while it had negative influence on negative consumption emotion. The results revealed that there were significant relationships between product performance and consumption emotion. 3) Positive consumption emotion had a positive effect on consumer satisfaction, on the other hand negative consumption emotion had a negative effect on consumer satisfaction. 4) Although the direct effects of product performances on satisfaction were larger than the indirect effects, product performance was greatly influential in consumption emotion and consumption emotion was strongly related to consumer satisfaction. Therefore, consumption emotion is an important determinant variable in the process of consumer satisfaction.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.511-518
• /
• 2017

In this study, a research on disaster countermeasures to strengthen the disaster management field of rural areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the measures to cope with the disaster in order to enhance the rural disaster management capacity. For this purpose, social and environmental characteristics of the rural area were examined and the characteristics of rural disaster perspective were derived. As for social characteristics, we analyzed the direct and indirect damage of disaster through interviews with residents affected by disaster. In the case of environmental characteristics, the factors that threaten the safety in the rural area were extracted based on the geographical and geographical characteristics of the rural area and quantitative analysis of the difference of the disaster response infrastructure compared with the city was conducted. In addition, it is necessary to further study the priority of disaster prevention in order to apply the disaster prevention method to rural areas.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2005

The efficiency of fabrication (fab) operation is one of the key factors in order for a semiconductor manufacturing company to stay competitive. Optimization of manpower and forecasting manpower needs in a modern fab is an essential part of the future strategic planing and a very important to the operational efficiency. As the semiconductor manufacturing technology has entered the 8-inch wafer era, the complexity of fab operation increases with the increase of wafer size. The wafer handling method has evolved from manual mode in 6-inch wafer fab to semi-automated or fully automated factory in 8-inch and 12-inch wafer fab. The distribution of manpower requirement in each specialty varied as the trend of fab operation goes for downsizing manpower with automation and outsourcing maintenance work. This paper is to study the specialty distribution of manpower from the requirement in a typical 6-inch, 8-inch to 12-inch wafer fab. The human resource planning in today’s fab operation shall consider many factors, which include the stability of technical talents. This empirical study mainly focuses on the human resource planning, the manpower distribution of specialty structure and the forecast model of internal demand/supply in current semiconductor manufacturing company. Considering the market fluctuation with the demand of varied products and the advance in process technology, the study is to design a headcount forecast model based on current manpower planning for direct labour (DL) and indirect labour (IDL) in Taiwan’s fab. The model can be used to forecast the future manpower requirement on each specialty for the strategic planning of human resource to serve the development of the industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.7
• /
• pp.2444-2450
• /
• 2010

This paper is aimed at surveying the method that supports logical and theoretical back grounds of the public service incorporation, to compare and analyze the existing systems of knowledge and to find out any problems which may cause while incorporating "Mud Management Industry Official in Boryeong City Hall(MMIO)", ultimately coming out with systematical answers to them. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the goods MMIO produces and supplies belong to public service. Second, it is desirable for a MMIO to take the form of public enterprise or public utility, harmonizing entrepreneurship with publicness and locality. Third, the most desirable system of management for the incorporated MMIO seems to be indirect one. Fourth, This study also presents the ways of complementing or overcoming every problem caused when we choose, as the management control system.