• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.342-346
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• 2014

The purpose of this experiment is for investigating how much the amino acid liquid fertilizer and composted liquid manure, culture microorganism effect on the breeding of grasses and knowing the extent of the thatch content through an analysis of the soil. For testing about soil chemical, the quality of grasses, and the extent of the thatch content in the soil, we cultivated 6 kinds of microorganisms having the effect of thatch dissolution and sprayed these 6 microorganisms with composted liquid manure and the amino acid liquid fertilizer on the place Creeping bentgrass have planted. This conduction started from June to October, 2012 and 2013 (The interval: 2 weeks). In the result of the turf growth, there is no big difference between soil chemical and trace element. And we can know Leaf Color Index, Chlorophyll Index and Root Length are almost same as among treatment. In conclusion, the mixing fertilization of culture microorganism and composted liquid manure is better effective than the traditional fertilization. And it can be expected the effect of the quality of grass and Thatch decomposition in soil.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1700-1703
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• 2007

Microorganisms capable of degrading crude oil were isolated and grown in soybean oil as a sole carbon source. The microbial cultures were used to control green peach aphids in vitro. Approximately 60% mortality of aphids was observed when the cultures were applied alone onto aphids. To examine the cultures as a pesticide formulation mixture, the cultures were combined with a low dose of the insecticide imidacloprid (one-fourth dose of recommended field-application rate) and applied onto aphids. The cultures enhanced significantly the insecticidal effectiveness of imidacloprid, which was higher than imidacloprid alone applied at the low dose. The isolated microorganisms exhibited high emulsifying index values and decreased surface tension values after being grown in soybean oil media. GC/MS analyses showed that microorganisms degraded soybean oil to fatty acids. The cultures were suggested to play the roles of wetting, spreading, and sticking agents to improve the effectiveness of imidacloprid. This is the first report on the control of aphids by using oil-degrading microbial cultures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.899-904
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• 2002

Aloe and propolis are extensively used in folk medicine. Ethanol extracts of Aloe vera (AE), ethanol extract of propolis (PE) and waxfree extract of propolis (PW) were prepared to test antimicrobial activities against five oral microorganisms (Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Enteococcus hirae, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans). Antimicrobial activities were tested by serial broth dilution method and expressed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The AE showed relatively weak antimicrobial activities, while both of PE and PW greatly inhibited all microorganisms tested. To investigate the antimicrobial effects of the combined extracts of aloe with propolis, the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was determined by checkerboard assay for each strain. The combination of AE with PE or PW resulted in Synergistic effect against oral microorganisms tested (FICI=0.375) except Escherichia coli (FICI=1.0 for PE, FICI=0.75 for PW).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.130-139
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• 2007

This study investigated the relationship between dental caries and various oral factors in subjects with Down's syndrome. We compared 25 subjects with Down's syndrome with 63 healthy control. The dental caries index and plaque index were examined, and the total salivary immunoglobulin A and S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration were measured using ELISA. The S. mutans counts, Lactobacillus counts and buffer capacity were measured with Dentocult test medium. The decayed and filled surface index of deciduous teeth in subjects with Down's syndrome was lower than in controls(p<0.001). The plaque index and total salivary immunoglobulin A concentration showed no difference, S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration and buffer capacity in subjects with Down's syndrome were lower than in controls(p<0.001). There was no significant difference between two groups in the S. mutans counts and Lactobacillus counts. In 9-11 year age group, S. mutans counts in subjects with Down's syndrome was lower than in controls(p<0.001) and S. mutans specific salivary immunoglobulin A concentration was lower(p<0.05). There was a high correlation among deciduous dental caries index and buffering capacity and S. mutans counts.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 2016

Disinfection of microorganisms using UV light is widely used in the field of water supply and wastewater treatment plant, In spite of high germicidal effect and relatively clean by-product, UV disinfection has fundamental defeat that is accumulation of fouling materials at the interface of water and lamp sleeve. Non-contact type of UV photoreactor which can avoid this fouling generation was developed and the experimental performance evaluation of the system was carried out in this study. Log inactivation rate of E. coli was selected as a disinfection index. The concentration of E. coli of second clarifier effluent was $8.2{\times}10^1-8.2{\times}10^3$ colony per mL and was well inactivated by the non-contact type of UV photoreactor. Under the UV intensity condition of $2.1-2.5mW/cm^2$, E. coli removal rate was observed in the range of 54 - 95% when the HRT was increased from 10 to 52 seconds. Experimental results showed that log inactivation of E. coli was proportional to UV dosage and $200mJ/cm^2$ of UV dose is expected for the 2.0 log inactivation of E. coli from the second clarifier effluent. Between the two parameters of UV intensity and contact time which are consist of UV dose, UV intensity was 4 times more effective than contact time.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.945-956
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• 2021

In this study, the effects of single and binary heavy metals toxicity on the growth and phosphorus removal ability of Bacillus sp.. known as be a phosphorus-removing microorganism, were quantitatively evaluated. Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni were used as heavy metals. As a result of analysis of variance of the half of inhibition concentration and half of effective concentration for each single heavy metal treatment group, the inhibitory effect on the growth of Bacillus sp. was Ni < Pb < Zn < Cu < Cd. And the inhibitory effect on phosphorus removal by Bacillus sp. was Ni < Pb < Zn < Cu < Cd. When analyzing the correlation between growth inhibition and phosphorus removal efficiency of a single heavy metal treatment group, a negative correlation was found (R² = 0.815), and a positive correlation was found when the correlation between IC₅₀ and EC₅₀ was analyzed (R² = 0.959). In all binary heavy metal treatment groups, the interaction was an antagonistic effect when evaluated using the additive toxicity index method. This paper is considered to be basic data on the toxic effects of heavy metals when phosphorus is removed using phosphorus removal microorganisms in wastewater.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.517-521
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• 2007

To assess possible risks from the consumption of drinking water from various sources, a survey of the microbiological quality of tap water, commercial bottled drinking water which is exploited from natural mineral water, and natural spring water was conducted. A total of 4 different brands of commercial bottled drinking water, and 4 types of spring water from different sources, and tap water from 4 private houses were tested for four index microorganisms, and the microbial quality changes of the water during the storage at room temperature or refrigerated temperature for 7 days. Aerobic plate counts of all of the initial water samples were still within 100 CFU/ml (drinking water standard of Korea). Total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and E. coli were not detected in all of the water samples at initial. However, aerobic plate counts of three types of spring water and three types of bottled drinking water stored at room temperature showed higher levels than the standards in 5 days. Total coliforms were detected in three types of spring water after one day's storage at room temperature, and in one type of bottled drinking water after 5 days' storage. These results indicate that some of the spring water surveyed are not safe to drink, and the spring water and bottled drinking water after opening the lid should not be stored at room temperature, if they are used for drinking.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.679-684
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• 2014

Many burial sites were constructed to suppress the spread of foot and mouth disease during outbreak. Defected burial sites were removed when leachate leak is presumed and carcasses were moved to the circular storage tanks. However, carcasses were not decomposed possibly due to low water content, low microbial activities, and poor mixing. In this research, storage tank containing carcasses in it was modified to bioreactor to accelerate stabilization. Liquids with nutrients were added and circulated to maintain the optimum water content while extraneous microorganisms were augmented. Settlement was used as the primary index for assessing stabilization rate, and the consolidation theory was utilized to estimate the expected final settlement. 30% of carcasses is expected to be decomposed and removed from the storage tank for five years of bioreactor operation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.107-112
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• 1999

Physicochemical properties and microflora of kimchi stew's sauce were investigated during 6 months at 13oC, 27oC and 37oC to study the changes of its quality. The final pH values in the sauce showed a slight decrease to 4.46, 4.38 and 4.21 during storage at 13oC, 27oC and 37oC, respectively. Color(L, a, b values), salinity, moisture and Aw in the sauce were decreased during storage. However, the values of brix and browning, and the amounts of total sugar, crude protein and crude fat in the sauce were increased during storage. All the reactions occurred more rapidly in the samples stored at 37oC than those stored at 27oC and 13oC. The viable cell counts of aerobic bacteria in the sauce were changed remarkably during storage, but viable cell counts of lactic acid bacteria were decreased. Yeast, mold and E. coli were not found in the above temperatures during storage. Regression analysis between sensory scores and quality characteristics showed that the ΔE value was a major quality index for the deterioration of kimchi stew's sauce. The shelf lives of sauces at 13oC, 27oC, 37oC were estimated to be 24 months, 6 months and 6 months, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1361-1368
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• 2019

Codium fragile is an edible seaweed in Asian countries that has been used as a thrombolytic, anticoagulant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulatory agent. Ginseng has also been known to maintain immune homeostasis and to regulate the immune system via enhancing resistance to diseases and microorganisms. In this study, anionic macromolecules extracted from C. fragile (CFAM) were orally administered with red ginseng extract (100 mg/kg body weight) to cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed male BALB/c mice to investigate the immune-enhancing cooperative effect of Codium fragile and red ginseng. Our results showed that supplementing CFAM with red ginseng extract significantly increased spleen index, T- and B-cell proliferation, NK cell activity, and splenic lymphocyte immune-associated gene expression compared to those with red ginseng alone, even though a high concentration of CFAM with red ginseng decreased immune biomarkers. These results suggest that CFAM can be used as a co-stimulant to enhance health and immunity in immunosuppressed conditions.