• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.629-636
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• 2013

Nowadays, many interface devices or training systems have been developed with recent developments in IT technology but only a few training systems for developmentally disabled people have been introduced. In this paper, we present a real-time, interactional and situational training system based on augmented reality in order to improve cognitive capability and adaptive ability in the daily life of developmentally disabled people. Our system is specifically based on serving food in restaurants. This augmented reality based system provides them to experience various different situations safely and take the training session as much as they want under any circumstances. When they use our system, they are able to look around with Head Mounted Display(HMD) and take training sessions easily based on various situational scenarios. After experimenting on our system for 3 months, we found they had no aversion about wearing HMD and learned quicker as they practiced over and over and improved their cognitive capability and adaptive ability. We also got a positive feedback that it had an excellent educational value from teachers in special-education-school.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.1110-1114
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• 2002

The animal production sector in Jordan is characterized by shortages of locally produced feedstuffs derived from rangeland, forage plants or from human food crops as by products. This is exacerbated by insufficient rainfall, overgrazing, early grazing and high stocking rate. Thus, subject to these constraints, other technological improvements are highly desirable to meet the needs of crop growth and animal production. Alternative adapted technologies are also desirable in order to meet the increased demand for red meat in relation to population growth along with the changes in the price subsidy for feedstuff. The technologies are those, which have been introduced to the animal production sector, obtained in agricultural research stations besides on-farm demonstrations. They include technologies suited for increasing birth and twining rates, synchronizing the mating period, introducing the early weaning method, and animal feed and sheep production. Economic assessments conducted in this study demonstrate promising results of hormonal and nutritional practices in improving production efficiency of Awassi sheep in Jordan. Jordanian published data between 1991 and 1998 were used. The examined practices were: 1) use of PMSG in estrus synchronization in ewes, 2) introduction of early lamb weaning program, 3) supplementation with $AD_3E$ for ewes and 4) the use of agro-industrial feed block as a feed supplement for grazing lambs. Production data were then subjected to partial budgeting for economical evaluation. The use of PMSG outperformed the control groups in fertility and net returns per ewe by US$ 8.36/ewe. The early weaning of lambs increased the net returns by US$ 3.90/lamb. The injection with vitamin $AD_3E$ showed an average additional net return of US$ 5.66/ewe. Feeding agriculture by-product blocks improved weight gain in the feed block groups and resulted in additional net returns of US$ 3.5/lamb. The economic viability and reproductive performance indicators demonstrate that efforts should be undertaken to disseminate these new practices in the development program.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1604-1609
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• 2008

A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of the mixture of Tween 80 and cellulolytic enzymes (xylanase and cellulase) on total tract nutrient digestibility and rumen cellulolytic bacterial adhesion rates in Holstein steers. Ground timothy hay sprayed with various levels of Tween 80 and cellulolytic enzymes was used as substrates in an in vitro experiment to find out the best combinations for DM degradation. The application level of 2.5% (v/w) Tween 80 and the combination of 5 U xylanase and 2.5 U cellulase per gram of ground timothy hay (DM basis) resulted in the highest in vitro dry matter degradation rate (p<0.05). Feeding the same timothy hay to Holstein steers also improved in vivo nutrient (DM, CP, CF, NDF and ADF) digesibilities compared to non-treated hay (p<0.05). Moreover, Tween 80 and enzyme combination treatment increased total ruminal VFA and concentrations of propionic acid and isovaleric acid with decreased acetate to propionate ratio (p<0.001). However, adhesion rates of Fibrobacter succinogenes and Ruminococcus flavefaciens determined by Real Time PCR were not influenced by the treatment while that of Ruminococcus albus was decreased (p<0.05). The present results indicate that a mixture of Tween 80 and cellulolytic enzymes can improve rumen environment and feed digestibility with variable influence on cellulolytic bacterial adhesion on feed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.1060-1068
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• 2009

The buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is an important contributor to milk, meat, power, fuel and leather production in many developing countries. Buffaloes can be categorized into Asian and Mediterranean buffaloes. Asian buffalo includes two subspecies known as Riverine and Swamp types. Riverine (water buffalo) and Swamp buffaloes possess different genetics (50 vs. 48 chromosomes, respectively), morphology (body frame, body weight, horn shape and skin color) and behavior (wallowing in mud or water) and thus, are reared and used for different purposes. Low per head milk yield, poor reproductive performance (seasonal breeding behavior, anestrous, and longer calving interval) and low growth rate in buffaloes have been attributed to insufficient supply of nutrients. In many parts of Asia, where the buffalo is an integral part of the food chain and rural economy, irregular and inadequate availability of quality feedstuffs and their utilization are hampering the performance of this unique animal. Balanced nutrition and better management can enhance buffalo productivity. Many efforts have been made in the last few decades to improve nutrient supply and utilization in buffaloes. Recent research on locally available feed resources such as crop residues, and industrial by-products, dietary addition of micronutrients, use of performance modifiers and use of ruminally protected fat and protein sources have shown significant potential to improve growth, milk yield and reproductive performance of buffaloes. However, a number of issues, including establishment of nutrient requirements for dairy and beef, development of buffalo calf feeding systems, nutritional management of metabolic and reproductive anomalies, and understanding and exploitation of the buffalo gut ecosystem, need to be addressed. Extensive coordinated research and extension efforts are required for improved buffalo nutrition in developing countries.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 2016

Objectives : This study was conducted with objectives of comparatively investigating effects of original Kyungokgo and Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa which is gamibang of Kyungokgo on antioxidant improvement, immunity improvement, and sensory evaluation.Methods : Total phenol and DPPH scavenging activity were measured to determine antioxidant improvement of original Kyungokgo and Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa. While, blood and serum study were conducted and effect on the cytokines were observed from the immunosuppressed rat induced by methotrexate (MTX). Control group was administered with a drinking water, Kyungokgo group was administered with a original Kyungokgo 200 mg/kg, and Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa group was administered with a Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa 200 mg/kg for 20 days. Further, intensity and preference evaluation were performed as sensory evaluation.Results : It was observed that Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa significantly increased total phenol and DPPH scavenging activity, proving that these can improve antioxidant activities. In the immunosuppressed rat, Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa significantly decreased IL-2 level, significantly increased Il-10 level, and significantly increased neutrophils, RBC, HGB, and HCT levels, indicating that it is effective in increasing immunity. Further, Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa significantly improved intensity and preference in the sensory evaluation.Conclusions : From the above results, it is concluded that Iksuyongjingo plus Sparassis crispa which is gamibang of Kyungokgo can act effectively on improving antioxidant activity and immunity, and can attribute convenient intake by improving diet preference.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2006

This study examined the development of a low-salt fermented seafood product using an ascidian (Halocynthia roretzi), and the optimum processing conditions and quality characteristics of the low-salt fermented ascidian (LSA). The optimum processing conditions for the LSA were as follows. The ascidian was shelled and its muscle sliced into 5 mm widths. This was soaked in a 10% salt and 1% sodium erythorbate solution for 20 min. The solution was drained and then the muscle was soaked in 0.1% sodium bisulfite solution for 1 min. To this was added a 1:1 mixture of anchovy sauce and rice gruel, and it was fermented at $5^{\circ}C$ for 15 days. The moisture content and salinity of the LSA were 75.0-75.4% and 8.0-8.5%, respectively. During salt-fermentation at $5^{\circ}C$ for 20 days, the amino-N content of the LSA increased, and the texture softened gradually. The viable cell counts in early salt-fermentation were $4.2-4.5{\times}10^4CFU/g$, and this decreased gradually. The ratio of saturated fatty acids tended to increase in early salt-fermentation, while that of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased slightly. Chemical experiments and sensory evaluation showed that the dipping treatment in 1% sodium erythorbate solution and 0.1% sodium bisulfite solution resulted in a good color and prevented browning of the salt-fermented ascidian meat. Moreover, adding anchovy sauce and rice gruel mixture improved the flavor of the LSA.

• 한국유가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.13-35
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• 2005

The trend towards ageing populations has been observed over many years in Europe and the US but has accelerated significantly in developed countries in Asia including Japan and South Korea. In the latter country the elderly population (65+) has increased 5-fold between 1960 and 2000 and this group will comprise 40% of the population by 2050. This creates a new socio-economic group with specific demands and considerable spending power. As ageing occurs a range of changes occur in the body that can be moderated by adjustments in nutrition. A significant body of evidence points to changes in the balance of glutathione synthesis and utilisation as people age. Glutathione is the most important natural anti-oxidant of the body and the amounts present can become limited by available cysteine in the diet. A cysteine-enriched peptide product, Cysteine Peption$^{TM}$ has been developed by DMV International for dietary supplement and food applications. A qualitative consumer trial has indicated benefits including improved sleep and more energy. Animal and clinical trials will be described that provide indications on bioavailability and possible mechanisms of action of Cysteine Peption$^{TM}$ with particular focus on the ageing population.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.141-145
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• 2001

Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the common, five-carbon building block in the biosynthesis of all carotenoids. IPP in Escherichia coli is synthesized through the non-mevalonate pathway. The first reaction of IPP biosynthesis in E. coli is the formation of l-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP), catalyzed by DXP synthase and encoded by dxs. The second reaction in the pathway is the reduction of DXP to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate, catalyzed by DXP reductoisomerase and encoded by dxr. To determine if one or more of the reactions in the non-mevalonate pathway controlled flux to IPP, dxs and dxr were placed on several expression vectors under the control of three different promoters and transformed into three E. coli strains (DH5$\alpha$, XL1-Blue, and JMl0l) that had been engineered to produce lycopene. Lycopene production was improved significantly in strains transformed with the dxs expression vectors. When the dxs gene was expressed from the arabinose-inducible araBAD promoter ( $P_{BAD}$) on a medium-copy plasmid, lycopene production was 2-fold higher than when dxs was expressed from the IPTG-inducible trc and lac promoters ( $P_{trc}$ and $P_{lac}$, respectively) on medium-copy and high-copy plasmids. Given the low final densities of cells expressing dxs from IPTG-inducible promoters, the low lycopene production was probably due to the metabolic burden of plasmid maintenance and an excessive drain of central metabolic intermediates. At arabinose concentrations between 0 and 1.33 roM, cells expressing both dxs and dxr from $P_{BAD}$ on a medium-copy plasmid produced 1.4 - 2.0 times more lycopene than cells expressing dxs only. However, at higher arabinose concentrations lycopene . production in cells expressing both dxs and dxr was lower than in cells expressing dxs only. A comparison of the three E. coli strains transformed with the arabinose-inducible dxs on a medium-copy plasmid revealed that lycopene production was highest in XLI-Blue.LI-Blue.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.80-82
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bamboo Vinegar Liquid(BVL) on performance and meat quality of broiler ducks for 5 weeks. One hundred broiler ducks were divided into 4 groups with S replicates per treatment. Dietary levels of food waste 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% were included in experimental diets. The growth performance and carcass weight of broiler duck fed BVL supplement diets were not significantly different(P>0.05) from the control birds. The lipid content was decreased(P<0.n) by addition of BVL 2% and 4%, whereas the protein was increased(P<0.05). The cholesterol content and TBA in breast meat were significantly(P<0.05) decreased by addition of BVL. palmitic acid of fatty acid composition were decreased by addition BVL 2% and 4% whereas linoleic acid was increased by addition of BVI. 2% and 4%. The odor, appearance and taste of sensory evaluation were improved by addition BVL 1% and 2%. The results of this study indicate that dietary supplemental BVL 1% and 2% may improve the meat quality of broiler ducks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.77-79
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bamboo Vinegar Liquid(BVL) on performance and meat quality of Korean native chicken(KNC) for 8 weeks. One hundreds KNC were divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per treatment and placed in pens. Dietary levels of food waste 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% were included in experimental diets. The growth performance and carcass weight of KNC fed BVL supplement diet were significantly different(P<0.05) from the control group. The lipid content, cholesterol content and TBA in breast meat were significantly(P<0.05) decreased by addition of BVL. However, the addition of BVL did not affect the meat color. The saturated fatty acid composition of breast meat was decreased(P<0.05), whereas unsaturated fatty acid was increased(P<0.05) by addition of BVL 1% and 2%. Taste of sensory evaluation was improved by addition BVL. The results of this study indicate that dietary supplemental BVL 1% and 2% may improve the performance and meat quality of KNC. The prevention effect of KNC which challenged with Salmonella gallinarum (1${\times}$10$\^$9/ CFU/ml) was evaluated. A reisolation of S.gallinarum in liver, pathological index of villus and colon were evaluated. There was no reisolation of S.gallinarum in liver and a few pathological index of colon in 4% BVL supplement fed KNC than 1 and 2%. These results indicate that dietary supplemental BVL 4% may improve the prevention effect to salmonellosis in chickens.