• 제목/요약/키워드: imported pollen

검색결과 10건 처리시간 0.017초

Investigation of Fungal Strains Composition in Fruit Pollens for Artificial Pollination

  • Do, Heeil;Kim, Su-Hyeon;Cho, Gyeongjun;Kim, Da-Ran;Kwak, Youn-Sig
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제49권3호
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    • pp.249-257
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    • 2021
  • Plants pollination are conducted through various pollinators such as wind, animals, and insects. Recently, the necessity for artificial pollination is drawing attention as the proportion of natural pollinators involved is decreasing over the years. Likewise, the trade in pollen for artificial pollination is also increasing worldwide. Through these imported pollens, many unknown microorganisms can flow from foreign countries. Among them, spores of various fungi present in the particles of pollen can be dispersed throughout the orchard. Therefore, in this study, the composition of fungal communities in imported pollen was revealed, and potential ecological characteristics of the fungi were investigated in four types of imported pollen. Top 10 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) of fungi were ranked among the following groups: Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., and Didymella glomerata which belong to many pathogenic species. Through FUNGuild analysis, the proportion of OTUs, which is assumed to be potentially plant pathogens, was higher than 50%, except for apple pollen in 2018. Based on this study of fungal structure, this information can suggest the direction of the pollen quarantine process and contribute to fungal biology in pollen

Metatranscriptomic Analysis of Plant Viruses in Imported Pear and Kiwifruit Pollen

  • Lee, Hyo-Jeong;Jeong, Rae-Dong
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.220-228
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    • 2022
  • Pollen is a vector for viral transmission. Pollenmediated viruses cause serious economic losses in the fruit industry. Despite the commercial importance of pollen-associated viruses, the diversity of such viruses is yet to be fully explored. In this study, we performed metatranscriptomic analyses using RNA sequencing to investigate the viral diversity in imported apple and kiwifruit pollen. We identified 665 virus-associated contigs, which corresponded to four different virus species. We identified one virus, the apple stem grooving virus, from pear pollen and three viruses, including citrus leaf blotch virus, cucumber mosaic virus, and lychnis mottle virus in kiwifruit pollen. The assembled viral genome sequences were analyzed to determine phylogenetic relationships. These findings will expand our knowledge of the virosphere in fruit pollen and lead to appropriate management of international pollen trade. However, the pathogenic mechanisms of pollen-associated viruses in fruit trees should be further investigated.

Comparison of Microbial Community Structure in Kiwifruit Pollens

  • Kim, Min-Jung;Jeon, Chang-Wook;Cho, Gyongjun;Kim, Da-Ran;Kwack, Yong-Bum;Kwak, Youn-Sig
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제34권2호
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    • pp.143-149
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    • 2018
  • Flowers of kiwifruit are morphologically hermaphroditic and survivable binucleate pollen is produced by the male flowers. In this study, we investigated microbial diversity in kiwifruit pollens by analyzing amplicon sequences of 16S rRNA. Four pollen samples were collected: 'NZ' was imported from New Zealand, 'CN' from China in year of 2014, respectively. 'KR13' and 'KR14' were collected in 2013' and 2014' in South Korea. Most of the identified bacterial phyla in the four different pollens were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. However, the imported and the domestic pollen samples showed different aspects of microbial community structures. The domestic pollens had more diverse in diversity than the imported samples. Among top 20 OTUs, Pseudomonas spp. was the most dominant specie. Interestingly, a bacterial pathogen of kiwifruit canker, Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae was detected in 'NZ' by the specific PCR. This study provides insights microbial distribution and community structure information in kiwifruit pollen.

Oviposition and Colony Development of the Bumblebees, Bombus ignitus and B. terrestris depending on Different Pollen

  • Yoon, Hyung-Joo;Kim, Sam-Eun;Lee, Kyeong-Yong;Lee, Sang-Beom;Park, In-Gyun
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.99-105
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    • 2005
  • We investigated oviposition and colony development of Bombus ignitus and B. terrestris depending on different pollen. In five kinds of pollen blend, the colony development in fresh-freezing pollen blend produced in Korea (Korea-FFP) was the best performance, although egg-laying characteristics is lower than that of pollen blend for oviposition imported from Korppert company (Kopport-FOP). The Kopport-FOP proved that it was suitable to use for oviposition of bumblebees. The Korea-FFDP, freezing dried-fresh pollen blend produced in Korea, is lower rather than the Korea-FDP although it is similar to the KopportFOP in colony development. It is not efficient to use commercial pollen for bumblebee because it is expensive in cost. The dried pollen blend for honeybee feeding imported from China (China-DP) was not suitable for rearing of bumblebee because it did not form colony although the worker emerged. In types of pollen, the oviposition and colony development of B. ignitus were not affected by the fresh-freezing pollen and dried-freezing pollen. This result also indicated that dried pollen, dried in the shade for 5 - 6 days, is possible to use as commercial pollen for bumblebee reproduction.

봉밀(蜂蜜) 및 화분하(花粉荷)의 기원식물(基源植物) (Identification of Floral Type for Honey and Pollen Load)

  • 석귀덕;김미경
    • 생약학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.83-91
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    • 1983
  • The purpose of this study is concerned with identification of floral type of commercially available honeys and pollen loads. Ikuse's technique was applied to identify the pollen species of honey and pollen loads. Among six kinds of commercially available honeys in Taegu, Korea i.e. Robinia Honey, Brassica Honey, Castanea Honey, Rhododendron Honey, Lespedeza Honey and Multipant Honey, all honeys contained pollens, which were coincident with their trade names given by the apirists, except Lespedeza Honey. The trade name of imported honeys were not given by the plant, from which pollen material and nectar were collected. Among four kinds of these products, pollen was not identified in Clover Honey. A spectrum of honey products added by pollen loads was, of course, wider than simple honey products. The pollen load showed spectrum of pollens including not only those which are specialized for wind pollination, eq. Pinus species and Gramineae, but also contained for insect pollination, eq. rose and leguminous plants.

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Bacterial Community Structure and the Dominant Species in Imported Pollens for Artificial Pollination

  • Kim, Su-Hyeon;Do, Heeil;Cho, Gyeongjun;Kim, Da-Ran;Kwak, Youn-Sig
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제37권3호
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    • pp.299-306
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    • 2021
  • Pollination is an essential process for plants to carry on their generation. Pollination is carried out in various ways depending on the type of plant species. Among them, pollination by insect pollinator accounts for the most common. However, these pollinators have be decreasing in population density due to environmental factors. Therefore, use of artificial pollination is increasing. However, there is a lack of information on microorganisms present in the artificial pollens. We showed the composition of bacteria structure present in the artificial pollens of apple, kiwifruit, peach and pear, and contamination of high-risk pathogens was investigated. Acidovorax spp., Pantoea spp., Erwinia spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Xanthomonas spp., which are classified as potential high-risk pathogens, have been identified in imported pollens. This study presented the pollen-associated bacterial community structure, and the results are expected to be foundation for strengthening biosecurity in orchard industry.

한국에서 유통되는 화분식품의 잔류농약 함량 분석 (Investigation of Various Pesticide Residues in Commercial Bee Pollen Products Sold in South Korea)

  • 김병태;김재관 ;손미희 ;조영선 ;한나은;최종철 ;이성남 ;박명기 ;박용배
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.202-210
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    • 2023
  • 현재까지 한국 벌화분 잔류농약 함량 조사는 벌이 농약에 노출된 정도를 파악하기 위한 목적으로 분석되어 왔고, 식품의 관점에서 벌화분의 잔류농약 함량 연구는 보고된 바 없었다. 본 연구는 화분가공품으로서 식용으로 판매되는 벌화분 제품의 잔류농약 함량 모니터링을 통해 한국에서 유통되는 벌화분에서 잔류농약이 얼마나 검출되는지를 파악하였다. 조사 결과 다양한 농약 성분들이 벌화분에 잔류되어 있었고, 그 중에서 Chlorfenvinphos, Chlorpyrifos 같이 식용작물에서 사용금지된 농약들이 포함되어 있었다. 벌의 활동범위는 식용작물에 국한되어 있지 않기 때문에, 식용작물에만 제한적 농약사용 등의 인위적 관리만으로는 식용 벌화분의 유해물질로부터 안전성을 확보하는 것이 불가능하다는 것을 파악할 수 있었다. 따라서, 식용 벌화분의 잔류농약 안전성에 대한 연구 및 기준 설정이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 또한, 벌화분 원료와 완제품의 성상적 차이가 미미하고 주로 완제품 형태로 유통된다는 것을 고려하였을 때, 원료에만 기준을 두어 잔류농약 검사를 하는 것이 아니라 벌화분의 완제품에서도 잔류농약 검사가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

Comprehensive Metatranscriptomic Analysis of Plant Viruses in Imported Frozen Cherries and Blueberries

  • Ga-Eun Lee;Hyo-Jeong Lee;Rae-Dong Jeong
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제40권4호
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    • pp.377-389
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    • 2024
  • The possibility of new viruses emerging in various regions worldwide has increased due to a combination of factors, including climate change and the expansion of international trading. Plant viruses spread through various transmission routes, encompassing well-known avenues such as pollen, seeds, and insects. However, research on potential transmission routes beyond these known mechanisms has remained limited. To address this gap, this study employed metatranscriptomic analysis to ascertain the presence of plant viruses in imported frozen fruits, specifically cherries and blueberries. This analysis aimed to identify pathways through which plant viruses may be introduced into countries. Virome analysis revealed the presence of six species of plant viruses in frozen cherries and blueberries: cherry virus A (CVA), prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), prune dwarf virus (PDV), prunus virus F (PrVF), blueberry shock virus (BlShV), and blueberry latent virus (BlLV). Identifying these potential transmission routes is crucial for effectively managing and preventing the spread of plant viruses and crop protection. This study highlights the importance of robust quality control measures and monitoring systems for frozen fruits, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to mitigate the risk associated with the potential spread of plant viruses.

서양뒤영벌 수입과 화분매개 대체안의 증분이익 추정 연구 (Estimation Study of Incremental Profit of the Imported Buff-tailed Bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, and Pollination Alternatives)

  • 양동재;김소희;지정연;이흥식;김효중
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.408-421
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    • 2019
  • 수입되는 서양뒤영벌과 그에 대한 화분매개 대체안들을 비교 평가하기 위해 증분이익을 추정하여 분석하였다. 분석결과, 판매수익에서 공통 생산원가를 차감한 증분수익은 인공수분을 사용할 때보다 화분매개곤충을 사용할 때 더 많았으며, 증분원가는 수입산 서양뒤영벌이나 꿀벌을 사용할 때보다 국내산 서양뒤영벌이나 인공수분을 사용할 때 더 적었다. 각 대안별 증분이익을 살펴보면, 수입산 서양뒤영벌 46,801 백만원, 국내산 서양뒤영벌 47,170 백만원, 꿀벌 46,975 백만원, 인공수분 29,839 백만원이었다. 증분이익은 각 대안을 선택했을 경우 얻을 수 있는 회계적 이윤을 의미한다. 다만, 회계적 이윤 전부를 화분매개 대안이 기여한 것으로 볼 수 없으며, 귀속지대나 정상이윤과 같은 잠재적 비용이 포함되어 있다. 잠재적 비용에 해당하는 기회원가를 고려할 때, 수입산 서양뒤영벌을 사용하는 대안은 경제적 손실이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 과수 작물 생산농가가 수입산 서양뒤영벌을 사용하는 대신 다른 대체안을 선택할 경우 추가적인 경제적 이윤을 창출할 수 있음을 의미한다.

TL과 ESR 분석을 통한 일부 향신료, 장과류 및 화분가공추출물 검지 특성 연구 (Studies on the Applications of TL and ESR Methods for the Detection of Spices, Berry Fruits and Pollen Extract Product)

  • 김규헌;손진혁;강윤정;박혜영;곽지영;이재황;박용춘;조태용;이화정;이상재;한상배
    • 방사선산업학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 2013
  • This study examined radiation detection characteristics of spices (cumin, caper and turmeric), other small fruits (hut-gae berry and boxthorn), and pollen extract product. Each samples were irradiated at dose of 1, 5, and 10 kGy and analyzed by the thermoluminescence (TL) and electron spin resonance (ESR) methods. To compare between non-irradiated and irradiated food, all samples were irradiated with $^{60}Co$ gamma-ray source. In TL analysis, most of samples could be applied to detect irradiated foods because of showing TL ratio above 0.1. The glow curves examined by TL method were estimated in the range of $150{\sim}250^{\circ}C$ in irradiated samples. In ESR measurements, the intensity of ESR signal (single-line) increased as the increase of irradiation dose. In particular, the specific ESR signals of irradiation-induced radical were detected in hut-gae berry and pollen extract product. As a results, it is considered that TL and ESR methods can be used to detect both hut-gae berry and pollen extract product. But cumin, caper, turmeric and boxthorn irradiated with gamma ray could be detected only by TL method. It is concluded that TL and ESR methods are suitable for detection of irradiated samples and a combined method is recommendable for enhancing the reliability of detection results.