• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.111-115
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• 2010

Erythropoietin (EPO), a glycoprotein hormone produced from primarily cells of the peritubular capillary endothelium of the kidney, is responsible for the regulation of red blood cell production. We have been investigating the roles of glycosylation site added in the biosynthesis and function of recombinant protein. In this study, we analyzed by immunohistochemical methods adaptive mechanisms to excessive erythrocytosis in transgenic (tg) mice expressing dimeric human erythropoietin (dHuEPO) gene. Splenomegaly was observed over 11~21 times in the tg mice. The 2,672 candidate spleen-derived genes were identified through the microarray analysis method, and decreased genes were higher than increased genes in the spleen. The specific proteins in the increased and decreased genes were analyzed by immunohistochemical methods. Our results demonstrate that problems of abnormal splenomegaly would solve in tg mice overexpressing dHuEPO gene.

• 대한두경부종양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.277-277
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• 2008

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.271-281
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• 2004

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is malignant tumor in salivary gland, and its behavior is very invasive. Of all malignant tumor adenoid cystic carcinoma is occured in frequency of 4.4% in major salivary gland, and 1.29% in minor salivary gland. Histopathologically, adenoid cystic carcinoma is characterized by a cribriform appearance, and tubular form and solid nest type tumor can be seen. The tumor cell structure composed of modified myoepithelial cell, and basaloid cell. Extracellular matrix of this tumor cell contains variable ground substance with basement membrane component. Basement membrane matrix composed of collagen fibers, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and its function is well known that it participate in differentiation, proliferation, and growth of tumor cell. Basement membrane molecule is essential for invasion of peripheral nerve, blood vessel, skeletal muscle in tumor cell of adenoid cystic carcinoma. In many studies, the tumor cell of adenoid cystic carcinoma containing modified myoepithelial cell participate in synthesis of proteoglycan. In this study, tissue sample of adenoid cystic carcinoma of human salivary gland were obtained from 15 surgical specimen, and all specimen were routinely fixed in 10% formalin and embedded. Serial $4-{\mu}m$ thick sections were cut from paraffin blocks. the histopathologic evaluation was done with light microscopy. And, the immunohistochemical staining, characteristics of glycosaminoglycan were observed. For biochemical analysis of glycosaminoglycan, isolation of crude glycosaminoglycan from tumor tissue and Western bolt analysis were carried out. With transmission electomicroscopy, tumor cell were observed. Biologic behavior of adenoid cystic carcinoma was observed with distribution and expression of basement membrane of glycosaminoglycan in tumor cells, The results obtained were as follows: 1. In immunohistochemical study, chondroitin sulfate is postively stained in tumor cell and interstitial space, dermatan sulfate is weakly stained in ductal cell. But keratan sulfate is negatively stained. 2. In immunohistochemical study, heparan sulfate is strong positive stained in tumor cell and basement membrane, especially in invasion area to peripheral nerve tissue. 3. In transmission electromicroscpic view, the tumor cells are composed modifed myoepithelial cells, and contains many microvilli and rough endoplasmic reticulum. 4. In Western blot analysis, the expression of glycosaminoglycan is expressed mostly in heparan sulfate. From the results obtained in this study, tumor cell of adenoid cystic carcinoma is composed modified myoepithelial cell, and glycosaminoglycan of basement membrane molecule of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate mostly participate in the development and invasiveness of adenoid cystic carcinoma by immunohistochemical study and western blot analysis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2004

The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of Neospora caninum infection in Korean indigenous cattle and calves of abnormal deliveries and focus on correlation between malformation and N caninum infection. To determine the prevalence of antibodies to N caninum, sera of 473 Korean indigenous cattle from slaughter house were tested for N caninum antibodies using indirect fluorescence assay. Of the 473 cattle sera, 9.5% (45/473) showed positive against N caninum. Regional seropositive rates of the samples were 16.7% (5/85), 11.0% (11/100), 8.8% (21/240) and 5.9% (5/85) at Kyonggi, Gyeongbuk, Daegu and Kyongnam province, respectively. In female, seropositive rates were 17.5% (25/143) and 6.1% (20/330) in male. During the period from march 2000 to August 2001, 55 abnormal deliveries of Korean indigenous cattle including abortion, stillbirth and congenital malformation were examined by histopathological, immunohistochemical and serological methods for evidence of N caninum infection. Of the 55 abnormal deliveries, only 5 calves showed positive reaction against N caninum in serological test. In microscopical observation, gliosis and nonsuppurative myositis were observed. However, Neospora-like organisms were not detected by either periodic acid-schiff (PAS) reaction or immunohistochemical technique. Taken together all these data, this study indicate that N caninum infection was widespread in breeding farms of Korean native cattle, but correlation between malformation and N caninum infection was not recognized.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.15
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• pp.6315-6319
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• 2014

Background: Immunohistochemical markers are considered as important factors in diagnosis of malignant astrocytomas. The aim of the current study was to investigate the frequency of the immunohistochemical markers neurofilament protein (NFP) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in malignant astrocytoma tumors in Firoozgar and Rasool-Akram hospitals from 2005 to 2010. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, immunohistochemical analysis of NFP and GFAP was performed on 79 tissue samples of patients with the diagnosis of anaplastic and glioblastoma multiform (GBM) astrocytomas. Results: The obtained results demonstrated that all patients were positive for GFAP and only 3.8% were positive for NFP. There was no significant association between these markers and clinical, demographic, and prognostic features of patients (p>0.05). Conclusions: NFP was expressed only in GBMs and not in anaplastic astrocytomas. It would be crucial to confirm the present findings in a larger number of tumors, especially in high grade gliomas.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.312-315
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• 2005

A squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is rare disease and it is believed to originate from epithelial rests of Malassez of the periodontal membrane. Neither sex nor site predilection in either jaw has been established. Some lesion can be shown in juxtaposition in tooth roots. Although most lesions remain smaller than 2 cm, our cases involved a half of left mandibular ramus. The exact pathogenesis is still unknown. We report a case of SOT including the results of immunohistochemical study of pancytokeratin and p53.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine the correlation of clinicopathological factors and the up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of VEGF and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of VEGF mRNA were performed in 20 specimens from 20 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and another 20 specimens from 20 patients with carcinoma in situ as a controlled group. Results: The results were as follows: 1) In immunohistochemical study of poorly differentiated and invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma, high-level staining of VEGF was observed. Significant correlation was observed between immunohistochemical VEGF expression and histologic differentiation, tumor size of specimens (Pearson correlation analysis, significance r>0.6, P<0.05). 2) In VEGF quantitative RT-PCR analysis, progressive cancer showed more VEGF expression than carcinoma in situ. Paired-samples analysis determined the difference of VEGF mRNA expression level between cancer tissue and carcinoma in situ tissue, between T1 and T2-4 (Student's t-test, P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that up-regulation of VEGF may play a role in the angiogenesis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.330-335
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• 2006

Objective : The aim of the study was to review the clinical and radiological findings of those non-functioning adenomas[NFAs] with positive immnoreactivity for anterior pituitary hormones. Methods : Sixty patients with pituitary adenoma were treated at the author's institution between January 2000 and July 2005. All consecutive patients were underwent transsphenoidal surgery by same operator. In addition to the routine histopathological examination, surgical specimen was examined by immunohistochemical staining against adenohypophyseal cells. And clinical analysis was performed by retrospective review of medical records, neuroimaging examinations and immunohistochemical technique. We classified these pituitary adenomas into functioning adenomas [group F], immuno-positive NFAs [group S, so-called silent adenoma] and immuno-negative NFAs [group N], and compared clinical and radiological differences between group F, N, and S. Results : Of the 60 cases, group F was 25, group S was 25, and group N was 10. Among the group S, 5 cases showed reactivity against PRL, 1 against GH, 1 against both PRL and GH, 1 against TSH and GH, 2 against ACTH, 11 against FSH and 4 against both LH and FSH. Radiologically, invasiveness was noted in 8 in group S, compared to 3 in group N and 1 in group F [p = 0.02]. Intratumoral bleeding was noted in 7 of group S, 2 of group N and 2 of group F [p >0.05]. Conclusion : Silent adenomas were thought to behave more aggressive than other subgroups of pituitary adenomas. And so we suggest the immunohistochemical study against adenohypophyseal cells may be helpful for evaluating clinical course of pituitary adenoma, expecially for, NFAs.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.325-336
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• 2000

Bone morphogenetic protein-2/4 are members of Transforming Growth Factor-$\beta$(TGF-$\beta$) superfamily and they may induce formation of cartilage and bone in vivo. This study was performed to investigate the cellular target and period of action of BMP-2/4 and understanding of actions of BMP-2/4 at cellular level. The appearance of BMP-2/4 during healing of mandibular and periodontal defect in rat was evaluated immunohistochemically. 40 Sprague-Dawley strain white male rats, each weighing about 300gm were used. Bony defect was performed in the mandible and they were sacrificed at the day of 3rd, 10th, 20th, 30th after operation. The specimens were harvested and examined histologically and immunohistochemically by localization of anti-BMP-2/4. The results were as follows: 1. Woven bone was observed at 10th day and perfect healing of defect with compact bone and periodontal ligment space at 30th day. 2. Osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblastic cells and periosteum were positive reaction to immunohistochemical stain at 10th day. 3. Cells of bone marrow space and surface cells of osteocytes and cementoblasts were positive reaction to immunohistochemical stain at 20th day. 4. Newly formed osteocytes and cementocytes were positive reaction to immunohistochemical stain at 30th day. From the above findings, we could conclude that BMP-2/4 acted significant roles as factors of induction, proliferation and differentiation during bone healing process.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.28-39
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the regenerative capacity of reconstruction in the atrophied posterior maxilla by comparing bone graft procedures and alveolar distraction osteogenesis (ADO) techniques. We performed the autogenous iliac bone graft (AGB group, 5 specimens in 3 patients), and the combination (Mixed group, 3 specimens in 3 patients) of the autogenous and deproteinized bovine bone ($Bio-Oss^{(R)}$, Geistlich Co., Switzerland) as the ratio of 2:1 in the sinus floor elevation procedures. ADO procedures using $TRACK^{(R)}$ (KLS Martin Co., Germany) were also performed to augment vertical alveolar height in atrophied posterior maxilla (ADO group, 5 specimens in 4 patients). Newly generated bone tissues were obtained with the 2.0mm diameter trephine bur (3i Co., USA) during implant fixture installation after 5-7 months. Routine histolomorphological observation, immunodot blot assay for quantitative evaluation, and immunohistochemical staining with antibodies to MMP-1, -9, -10, TIMP-1, -2, and BMP-2, -4 were all carried out. Lamellar bone formation was well shown in all specimens and new bone formations of ADO group increased than those of other procedures. In immunohistochemical staining, the strong expression of BMP-2 was shown in all specimens, and immunodot blot assay showed that bone formation is accompanied by the good induction of factors associated with angiogenesis and appeared more increased amount of osteogenic and angiogenic factors in ADO group. ADO is the most effective technique for new bone formation compared to sinus floor elevation with autogenous or mixed bone graft in the atrophied posterior maxilla. In the quantitative immunodot blot assay, the regenerated bone after ADO showed more increased products of VEGF, BMP-2, PCNA and MMP-1 than those after the other procedures, and these findings were able to be confirmed by immunohistochemical stainings.