• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2010

Objectives : Samul-tang(SM). Sagunja-tang(SG). Pamul-tang(PM) and Sipjeondaebo-tang(SJ) was used many diseases such as sterility. menstrual disorder. general prostration. recruitment in Korea. We investigated the immune stimulatory activities of SG. SM. PM and SJ in in vitro. Methods: For comparision for effective of SM. SG. PM and SJ. this study examined anti-inflammation(NO. PGE2 assay). anti-oxidation(DPPH assay) and immune response in in vitro assay. For immune response activities. this study used NO synthesis on RAW 264.7 cells, splenocyte proliferation and cytokine assay(IL-2, IL-4) in splenocyte. Results: The results showed that SG. SM. PM and SJ were no significant effect anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory effects. For immune response. they showed the splenocyte proliferation and macrophage proliferation. We confirmed that they synthesised NO a dose-dependent manner significantly and secreted the IL-4. Conclusions : These results suggested the SG, SM, PM and SJ had immune stimulatory activity. A efficacy of immune response in them had produced similar results.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1395-1403
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• 2020

There is an increasing interest in using inactivated probiotics to modulate the host immune system and protect against pathogens. As the immunomodulatory function of heat-killed Lactobacillus brevis KCTC 12777BP (LBB) and its mechanism is unclear, we investigated the effect of LBB on immune response based on the hypothesis that LBB might exert stimulatory effects on immunity. In the current study, we demonstrate that administration of LBB can exert immune-stimulatory effects and promote clearance of foreign matters through enhancing phagocytosis. Treatment with LBB induced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and nitric oxide in macrophages. Importantly, LBB directly increased the phagocytic activity of macrophages against bacterial particles. LBB was able to promote the production of TNF-α in bone marrow-derived macrophages and splenocytes and also increase the proliferation rate of splenocytes, suggesting that the immune-stimulating activity of LBB can be observed in primary immune cells. Investigation into the molecular mechanism responsible revealed that LBB upregulates TAK1 activity and its downstream ERK, p38, and JNK signaling pathways. To further confirm the immunomodulatory capability of LBB in vivo, we orally administered LBB to mice and assessed the effect on primary splenocytes. Splenocytes isolated from LBB-treated mice exhibited higher TNF-α expression and proliferative capacity. These results show that heat-killed L. brevis, a wildly consumed probiotic, may provide protection against pathogens through enhancing host immunity.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2014

Bone marrow is a hematological and immunological organ that provides multiple immune cells, including B lymphocytes, and thus plays a critical role in the efficacy of vaccine. We previously demonstrated that Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica antigen has high immunogenicity in spleen cells, a peripheral immune organ. In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity of B. bronchiseptica antigen in bone marrow cells, a central immune organ. B. bronchiseptica antigen increased the cellular activity of bone marrow cells and significantly enhanced the production of nitric oxide, IL-6, and TNF-${\alpha}$. Bone marrow cells primed with B. bronchiseptica antigen in vivo were harvested and stimulated with the same antigen in vitro. The stimulation of B. bronchiseptica antigen significantly increased the cellular activity and proliferation rate of the primed cells. B. bronchiseptica antigen also greatly induced the production of antigen-specific antibody in the primed cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that B. bronchiseptica antigen can stimulate bone marrow cells, a central immune organ, and recall the immune response of the primed bone marrow cells.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2003

해수 미세조류인 Chlorella capsulata를 배양하여 그로부터 기능성물질을 분리하여 면역활성측정 및 항암실험을 실시하였다. C. capsulata를 이용한 면역활성능 측정실험에서 일반적 인 담수종의 추출물이나 같은 종의 여러 추출용매를 이용한 추출물보다 물추출물의 분획층에 대한 면역활성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 인간 T 세포, B 세포와 대식세포에 대해서 높은 면역활성을 나타내었으며, 정상세포에 대한 독성측정 실험에서도 약 10∼25%의 독성을 나타났으며, 유방암세포와 위암세포에 대한 성장저해 실험에서도 각각 80% 이상의 높은 저해능을 확인하였다. 앞서의 결과들로부터 Chloreila capsulata로부터 분리한 분획물은 면역세포들의 생육을 증강시켜 외부항원에 대한 면역기능을 강화시키는 것을 간접적으로 확인할 수 있었다

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2010

유색미인 흑남벼(Oryza sativa cv. Heugnambyeo) 미강의 ethylacetate 가용성 용매분획물로부터 NO 생성을 저해시키는 단일화합물을 순수 분리한 후, HREI-MS 및 2D-NMR 분석을 통해 화학구조를 4-carboethoxy-6-methoxy-2-quinolone (1)과 4-carboethoxy-6-hydroxy-2-quinolone (2)으로 명명하였다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2024

Dendritic cells play a very important role in the immune response as antigen-presenting cells that are critical for initiating both innate and acquired immunity. They recognize, process and present foreign antigens to other key immune cells to trigger and regulate the immune response. The ability to activate these dendritic cells can be used as a treatment for various immune diseases. Maqui berry has been reported to have anticancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effect on the activity of dendritic cells has not been studied. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of maqui berry extract in modulating dendritic cell activity. Treatment of dendritic cells with maqui berry extract induced the costimulatory molecules CD80, CD86, and MHC class I and II in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the antigen-presenting capacity of dendritic cells was inhibited, which confirms their ability to present antigens, and the production of Interleukin (IL)-12, which is important for dendritic cell activity, was increased. These results indicated that Maqui berry extract activates dendritic cells maturation by inducing the production of co-stimulatory molecules and IL-12. These results suggest that maqui berry extract may act as an effective adjuvant to enhance dendritic cell-based immune responses.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.637-653
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• 2023

The physiology of most organisms, including Drosophila, is heavily influenced by their interactions with certain types of commensal bacteria. Acetobacter and Lactobacillus, two of the most representative Drosophila commensal bacteria, have stimulatory effects on host larval development and growth. However, how these effects are related to host immune activity remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the Drosophila development-promoting effects of commensal bacteria are suppressed by host immune activity. Mono-association of germ-free Drosophila larvae with Acetobacter pomorum stimulated larval development, which was accelerated when host immune deficiency (IMD) pathway genes were mutated. This phenomenon was not observed in the case of mono-association with Lactobacillus plantarum. Moreover, the mutation of Toll pathway, which constitutes the other branch of the Drosophila immune pathway, did not accelerate A. pomorum-stimulated larval development. The mechanism of action of the IMD pathway-dependent effects of A. pomorum did not appear to involve previously known host mechanisms and bacterial metabolites such as gut peptidase expression, acetic acid, and thiamine, but appeared to involve larval serum proteins. These findings may shed light on the interaction between the beneficial effects of commensal bacteria and host immune activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.617-622
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• 2001

A protein-polysaccharide fraction of a Korean wild mushroom Psathyrella velutina, PVP, was prepared and its antitumor immunomodulatory activity was investigated. When PVP was administered once daily for seven days from day 1 to day 7 into male ICR mice implanted with 1 $\times$ 10$^{5}$ cells of sarcom 180 tumor cells into the peritoneum on day 4, it inhibited the growth of sarcoma 180 cells by 92.8%. In XTT assay, PVP also exhorted in vitro anti-proliferation activity on U-937, a human monoblastoid cell line, as well as sarcoma 180 cells. PVP showed marked stimulatory activity on the immune system in that it induced the accumulation of PEC (the stimulation index, Sl=4.90 at 100 mg/kg), stimulated the BALB/c mouse splenic lymphocytes to form lymphoblasts (Sl=5.75 at 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), and upergulated the expression of CD25 molecules. All these results strongly support that PVP exhorts its antitumor activity through stimulation of the immune system as well as anti-proliferative activity on the tumor cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.826-831
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• 1999

${\beta}-Glucan$, one of the major cell wall components of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is known to enhance the immune function, especially by activating macrophages. Accordingly, in an effort to develop a safe and efficient immune stimulatory agent, we prepared crude ${\beta}-glucan$ (glucan-p1) and partially purified ${\beta}-glucan$ that was free of mannoproteins (glucan-p2), and evaluated their effect on both the macrophage function and resistance to E. coli-induced peritonitis. To investigate the function of the macrophages, phagocytosis, $TNF-{\alpha}$ secretion, oxygen burst, and the expression of cytokine genes such as $IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-12 were analyzed. Glucan-p2 markedly stimulated the macrophages with all these parameters. Glucan-p1, however, did not stimulate phagocytosis, yet it induced $TNF-{\alpha}$ secretion, oxygen burst, and the expression of $IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-12, although less efficiently than glucan-p2. Finally, to test the in vivo protective effect of {\beta}-glucan against infection, the survival of mice from E. coli-induced peritonitis was investigated. After 24 h of the peritoneal challenge of E. coli, all of the mice treated with glucan-p2 survived whereas none survived in the control group. Glucan-p1 showed only a marginal effect in protecting the mice. These results suggest that mannoprotein-free gluean-p2, but not gluean-p1, can serve as an effective immune-stimulating agent.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1361-1368
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• 2019

Codium fragile is an edible seaweed in Asian countries that has been used as a thrombolytic, anticoagulant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulatory agent. Ginseng has also been known to maintain immune homeostasis and to regulate the immune system via enhancing resistance to diseases and microorganisms. In this study, anionic macromolecules extracted from C. fragile (CFAM) were orally administered with red ginseng extract (100 mg/kg body weight) to cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed male BALB/c mice to investigate the immune-enhancing cooperative effect of Codium fragile and red ginseng. Our results showed that supplementing CFAM with red ginseng extract significantly increased spleen index, T- and B-cell proliferation, NK cell activity, and splenic lymphocyte immune-associated gene expression compared to those with red ginseng alone, even though a high concentration of CFAM with red ginseng decreased immune biomarkers. These results suggest that CFAM can be used as a co-stimulant to enhance health and immunity in immunosuppressed conditions.