• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.1552-1559
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• 2004

새로운 probiotic 유산균으로써의 잠재적 이용가능성을 평가할 목적으로, 김치로부터 분리한 Lactobacillus brevis FSB-1을 대상으로 각종 면역증진활성의 특성이 조사되었다. L. brevis FSB-1을 전균체, 세포벽, 세포질 및 균체외 획분으로 각각 분리하고 장관면역 활성을 측정한 결과, Peyer's patch 세포를 매개로 한 골수세포 증식활성의 경우, 세포벽 및 세포질 획분에서 상대적으로 높은 활성을 농도 의존적으로 보인 반면, 직접적인 골수세포 증식활성은 나타내지 않았다. 마크로파지의 활성화능은 전균체, 세포벽 및 세포질 획분에서 상대적으로 높은 활성을 보였으며, splenocyte mitogen 활성의 경우, 이들 획분에서 공히 대조군의 약 200%이상의 활성 증가가 관찰되었다. 그러나 양성대조군인 LPS의 활성에는 다소 미치지 못하였다. 한편 보체계 활성화능을 검토한 결과, 균체외 획분을 제외한 모든 획분에서 높은 활성을 보였으며, 특히 세포질 획분에서 농도 의존적으로 매우 강력한 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 세포질 획분에 의한 보체계 활성화는 anti-human C3를 이용한 2차원 면역전기영동에 의해 classical 및 alternative pathway 양 경로를 경유함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.383-390
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• 2016

본 연구는 대식세포에서 LPS를 이용하여 염증 유사 세포 모델을 만들고 염증 유사 대식세포 모델에서 성체줄기세포의 면역 조절 능력을 평가하였다. LPS 자극에 의해 증가된 IL-1β, TNF-α 및 IL-10의 생성은 성체줄기세포를 공배양한 실험군 뿐만 아니라 성체줄기세포를 배양한 상층 배양액을 처리한 실험군에서도 동일한 효과를 나타내었으며, 또한 성체줄기세포 유래 엑소좀을 염증 유사 대식세포 모델에 처리하여 유사한 결과를 관찰하였다. 이 결과는 성체줄기세포 자체의 염증 억제 기능보다는 성체줄기세포 유래 엑소좀을 포함하여 성체줄기세포가 분비하는 bioactive molecules에 의해 세포 간 신호 전달이 이루어지고 있음을 의미하며, 이러한 엑소좀은 염증 관련 질환 분야에 치료적 적용이 가능하고 또한 새로운 염증 치료제 개발의 툴로 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.252-261
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• 2008

Two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of feeding organic acids and antibiotic growth promoters in weaned pigs. In Exp. 1, 96 nursery pigs (Large White$\times$Landrace; initial weight $7.80{\pm}0.07kg$) were randomly allotted into one of four dietary treatments. Pigs in treatment 1 were fed a complex starter diet. Treatments 2 to 4 were the same as treatment 1 but supplemented with antibiotics (200 ppm chlortetracycline plus 60 ppm Lincospectin), 0.5% potassium diformate or 0.5% dry organic acid blend ACTIVATE Starter DA (ASD). During the 4-week post-weaning period, pigs fed ASD or antibiotics had better gain (p = 0.03) and feed efficiency (p = 0.04) than pigs fed the control diet. On d 14 post-weaning, pigs fed the control diet had the lowest fecal lactobacilli count among all dietary treatments (p = 0.02), whereas pigs fed ASD or antibiotics had a trend for lower fecal E. coli count compared to the control pigs (p = 0.08). Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) of pigs fed ASD did not differ from pigs fed the control diet (p>0.05) at d 14 after weaning. In Exp. 2, 24 weaned pigs (Large White$\times$Long White; initial weight $5.94{\pm}0.33kg$) were allotted into four groups and housed individually. Pigs were fed a control diet or diets supplemented with antibiotics (100 ppm colistin sulfate, 50 ppm Kitasamycin plus 60 ppm Olaquindox), 0.5% or 1% ASD. All pigs were orally challenged with E. coli $K88^+$ on d 5. During d 5 to 14 after challenge, pigs fed antibiotics, 0.5% or 1% ASD had better gain (p = 0.01) and feed efficiency (p = 0.03) than pigs fed the control diet. On d 14, compared to the control pigs, pigs fed 0.5% ASD had higher lactobacilli in the duodenum and pigs fed 1% ASD and antibiotics had a trend for higher lactobacilli in the ileum (p = 0.08). Pigs fed antibiotics, 0.5% or 1% ASD diets tended to have decreased ileal E. coli count compared to those fed the control diet (p = 0.08). Serum interleukin-6 and cortisol and digesta pH values were not affected by treatment or time. These results indicate that feeding ASD can improve the growth performance of weaning pigs, mainly via modulating intestinal microflora populations without affecting gastrointestinal pH or immune indices.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2003

Objective: The role of prostaglandin $E_2$ (PGE2) in the etiopathogenesis of immune and inflammatory diseases has become the subject of recent debate. To determine the role of PGE2 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we tested the effect of exogenous PGE2 on the production of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) by rheumatoid synoviocytes. Methods: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were prepared from the synovial tissues of RA patients, and cultured in the presence of PGE2. The COX-2 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The PGE2 receptor subtypes in the FLS were analyzed by RT-PCR. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to measure the NF-${\kappa}B$ binding activity for COX-2 transcription. The in vivoeffect of PGE2 on the development of arthritis was also tested in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) animals. Results: PGE2 ($10^{-11}$ to $10^{-5}M$) dose-dependently inhibited the expression of COX-2 mRNA and the COX-2 protein stimulated with IL-$1{\beta}$, but not COX-1 mRNA. NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, displayed an additive effect on PGE2-induced COX-2 downregulation. The FLS predominantly expressed the PGE2 receptor (EP) 2 and EP4, which mediated the COX-2 suppression by PGE2. Treatment with anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies partially reversed the PGE2-induced suppression of COX-2 mRNA, suggesting that IL-10 may be involved in modulating COX-2 by PGE2. Experiments using an inducer and an inhibitor of cyclic AMP (cAMP) suggest that cAMP is the major intracellular signal that mediates the regulatory effect of PGE2 on COX-2 expression. EMSA revealed that PGE2 inhibited the binding of NF-${\kappa}B$ in the COX-2 promoter via a cAMP dependent pathway. In addition, a subcutaneous injection of PGE2 twice daily for 2 weeks significantly reduced the incidence and severity of CIA as well as the production of IgG antibodies to type II collagen. Conclusion: Our data suggest that overproduced PGE2 in the RA joints may function as an autocrine regulator of its own synthesis by inhibiting COX-2 production and may, in part, play an anti-inflammatory role in the arthritic joints.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1453-1461
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• 2007

This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with an herbal extract of Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) enhances the immune response in weaned piglets. Sixty piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups representing the addition of 0 or 1 g/kg of the AS extract or 0.2 g/kg of colistin (an antibiotic) to maize- and soybean meal-based diets (n = 20 per group). On days 7, 14 and 28 after initiation of the addition, total and differential counts of leucocytes, proliferating activity of peripheral lymphocytes, serum levels of immunoglobulins (Ig) and cytokines and the spleen index were determined. The AS extract decreased (p<0.05) the number of neutrophils on days 7 and 28 in comparison with the control group and reduced (p<0.05) serum interleukin-$1{\beta}$ level on day 28 compared with the other 2 groups. Dietary supplementation with the AS extract increased (p<0.05) the lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio on day 28 compared with the control group and increased the proliferating activity of lymphocytes on days 14 and 28 compared with the other 2 groups. The AS extract increased (p<0.05) the serum content of IgG on day 7 and of IgG and IgM on day 28 compared with the other 2 groups, as well as increasing the serum content of tumor necrosis factor on day 7 and spleen index on days 7 and 28 compared with the control group. Collectively, these findings suggest that the AS extract as a dietary additive enhances the cellular and humoral immune responses of weaned piglets by modulating the production of immunocytes, cytokines and antibodies.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2007

민긴뿌리버섯은 송이버섯과에 속하는 버섯으로 예로부터 식용은 물론 항암, 고혈압 및 진균감염증의 치료에 널리 이용해온 식의약용 버섯이다. 민긴뿌리버섯의 자실체로부터 중성염용액, 열수 및 메탄올을 이용하여 조다당류를 추출하여 Sarcoma 180에 접종된 ICR mice에 주사하여 수명연장 및 항암효과를 조사하였다. 세포독성 실험결과, 각각의 세포는 $10{\sim}1000\;{\mu}g/ml$ 추출물 농도에서 70% 내외의 생존율을 보여 세포독성을 나타내지 않았다. 각각의 조다당류가 투여된 실험군이 대조군에 비해 평균수명이 각각 $42.9{\sim}66.7%$ 연장되었다. 중성염용액 추출물은 B 임파구의 alkaline phosphatase 활성을 대조군과 LPS군에 비해 약 $1.4{\sim}3$배 내외의 증가율을 보였다. 총 복강 세포수도 대조군에 비하여 최고 3.5배 정도 증가하였으며, 혈액 중 백혈구의 수도 대조군에 비하여 약 2.5배 증가하였다. 그리고 면역에 관련된 장기인 간, 비장 및 흉선의 체중이 대조군에 비하여 증가된 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2018

Background: Korean ginseng has been widely evaluated to treat human diseases; however, most studies on Korean ginseng have focused on its root. In this study, polysaccharides [acidic-polysaccharide-linked glycopeptide (APGP) extracted with 90% ethanol and hot water] were prepared from Korean ginseng berries, and their effect on immunosenescence was explored. Methods: The effect of APGP on thymic involution was evaluated by measuring the size of thymi dissected from aged mice. The effect of APGP on populations of immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells, age-correlated CD11c-positive B cells, and several subtypes of T cells [CD4-positive, CD8-positive, and regulatory (Treg) T cells] in the thymi and spleens of aged mice was analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6 were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. Profiles of APGP components were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Results: APGP suppressed thymic involution by increasing the weight and areas of thymi in aged mice. APGP increased the population of NK cells, but showed no effect on the population of dendritic cells in the thymi and spleens of aged mice. APGP decreased the population of age-correlated CD11c-positive B cells in the spleens of aged mice. APGP showed no effect on the populations of CD4- and CD8-positive T cells in the thymi of aged mice, whereas it increased the population of Treg cells in the spleens of aged mice. APGP further decreased the reduced serum levels of IL-2 in aged mice, but serum levels of IL-6 were not statistically changed by APGP in aged mice. Finally, HPLC analysis showed that APGP had one major peak at 15 min (a main type of polysaccharide) and a long tail up to 35 min (a mixture of a variety of types of polysaccharides). Conclusion: These results suggested that APGP exerted an anti-immunosenescent effect by suppressing thymic involution and modulating several types of immune cells.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1322-1328
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• 2006

특이적 면역반응을 유도하는 전문 항원제시세포인 수지상세포의 분화와 항원제시기능에 미치는 HemoHIM의 면역기능 증강 효과에 대해 알아보았다. HemoHIM은 수지상세포의 분화/증식 과정에 첨가하였을 경우에 공동자극 분자인 CD40, CD86 분자의 세포 표면 발현량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이 수지상세포는 동종항원 반응 T세포를 활성화시켜 IL-2, $IFN-\gamma$ 분비량과 증식반응을 유의하게 증가시켰다. 그리고 HemoHIM을 처리한 수지상세포는 대조군에 비해 OVA항원을 T세포주에 충분히 전달하여 IL-2와 $IFN-\gamma$의 분비량을 유의하게 증가시켰을 뿐만 아니라 T세포주의 증식반응도 유의하게 증가시켰다. 따라서 HemoHIM은 생체 내의 특이적 면역반응을 유도하는 수지상세포의 기능을 강화하는 면역기능 조절제로서 사용이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.197-202
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• 1993

저자들은 37세의 여자에서 스테로이드치료에 저항을 보이다가 prednisolone과 cyclophosphamide 병합투여로 치료반응을 보인 간질성폐질환을 동반한 다발성근염 1예를 경험하였기에 이를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.380-385
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• 2009

본 연구는 제주도의 녹조현상의 원인인 구멍갈파래의 활용을 위해 고압추출 공정을 통한 추출물의 면역활성 확인 하였다. 150 MPa, $80^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 Superoxide Radical 소거효과에서는 90% 로 활성도가 제일 높았으며, 면역세포 생육도면에서도 B&T cell, 각 각 $14.2{\times}10^4$ cells/mL $14.5{\times}10^4$ cells/mL 나타나 제일 높았다. 반면, NK cell과 NO 면역능 실험에서는 100MPa, $30^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 각각 $11.8{\times}10^2$ cells/mL, 30.0 ${\mu}M$을 보여 주었다. 결과를 통해 구멍갈파래는 면역활성을 가지며 고압 공정을 통한 추출물의 활성이 일반추출에 비해 높은 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 해조류 및 다른 유용 자원에서도 고압 공정이 기존의 추출방법보다 높은 활성을 나타낼 것으로 판단되며 기능성 식품이나 기능성 소재로서 사용가능성이 있는 것으로 사료된다.