• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.100-105
• /
• 2005

탈질화 균주인 Paracoccus denitrificans를 이용한 탈질화 공정에 있어서 탈질 효율의 증대를 위해 선행 연구를 바탕으로 화학적 permeabilization 처리 후 균주를 고정화시키는 방법을 이용하였다. 반응기는 이상적인 CSTR을 도입하여 free cell reactor와 immobilized cell reactor 그리고 permeabilized and immobilized cell reactor의 세 가지 형태의 실험을 실시하였으며, 탈질효율의 비교를 위해 M-M 식을 적용시켰다. 각 반응기의 체류시간에 따른 탈질 효과는 permeabilized and immobilized cell reactor가 가장 우수하였으며 또한 반응 평형에도 다른 두 반응기에 비해 빨리 도달하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1987년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국과학기술대학, 충남; 16-17 Oct. 1987
• /
• pp.637-642
• /
• 1987

In immobilized cell reactors, effective cell mass is a very important parameter which must be estimated during operation for control and regeneration of biocatalyst. In this report, the effective cell mass in immobilized cell reactor was studied using a sequential estimation method. An immobilized yeast reactor was operated in batch recycle mode. The states of the immobilized cell reactor could be estimated from the process data using an extended Kalman filter.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.273-278
• /
• 2001

Removal of nitrogen compound from waste water is essential and often accomplished by biological process. Deni-trification bacterium. Paracoccus denitrificans(KCTC 2350) is employed to estimate the ability and the characteristics of denitrification. In the immobilized biological reactor system, the measurement of absolute amount of active strain in the reactor is comparatively difficult or impossible. In this study, strain immobilized denitrification reactor was designed with the unwoven texture wrapped peeped hole plastic tube to calculated the absolute amount of active strain by comparing the activity of the immobilized reactor adn the free cell reactor. The reactor system was continuous stirred tank reactor and the rate of substrate consumption was assumed to be Michaelis-Menten equation. As a result, we found that the amount of immobilized active strain was the half of the total active strain in the reactor and the time required to reach in the equilibrium state in the immobilized reactor system was shorter than that of the free cell reactor system.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.174-184
• /
• 1998

Biosorption characteristics were investigated to discuss the use of agar entrapped Spirulina to remove of heavy metal ions from polluted waters. Agar immobilized algae were used as bioadsorbent in continuous reactor for heavy metal ions removal. The process solution contains Pb, Cu, and Cd as single ion and binary ions. In the adsorption of single heavy metal ions by agar immobilized Spirulina, the adsorption reached within 1hr and observed diffusion limitation differed from the free algal cell adsorption. The optimum pH for the adsorption of heavy metals was 4.5 but the influence of pH decreased less than that of free algal cell. Also, the adsorption characteristics of single heavy metal ions with agar immobilized Spirulina fitted the BET isotherm. Both of experiments of free algal cell and agar immobilized algae showed higher removal efficiency in the single ion solutions than binary ions solutions. The experimental results in the packed column with agar immobilized algae were over 90% of removal efficiency for the Pb, Cu, and Cd in single ion solutions.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.407-414
• /
• 1994

Anaerobic fermentative bacteria were isolated from the acidogenic reactor of a labora- tory scale 2-stage anaerobic digestor. The isolate 1-6 was selected for its ablity to produce more fatty acids from distillery wastewater than others, and was identified as a strain of Clostridium. The isolate Clostridium sp. 1-6 is a thermophilic bacterium growing at 55$\circ$c , and grew best at pH 5.5. An acidogenic reactor using immobilized cells of the isolate Clostridium sp. 1-6 removed about 15% of COD from distillery wastwater as hydrogen, producing about 50 mM butyrate and about 10 mM acetate, when the reactor was operated at the hydraulic retention time(HRT) of 0.8 hr. It is proposed that this system can be used to convert the distillery wastewater to hydrogen and butyrate. More than 90% of COD was removed from the wastewater by anaerobic digestion using a 2-stage digestor consisting of a UASB methanogenic reactor and an acidogenic reactor of the immobilized cells of isolate Clostridium sp. 1-6.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.355-359
• /
• 1992

Yeast cells of a fusant strain constructed by protoplast fusion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces frugilis were immobilized on calcium alginate beads. The increment of the ethanol tolerance of this strain to 8.0%, when compared with the parent K, fragilis, was confirmed. Based on the results from jar fermentation, a packed-bed reactor of theh immobilized yeast cells was operated. The optimal performance of the immobilized yeast reactor for ethanol production was achieved when supplying 10% lactose (suplemented 1.0% yeast extract) at a temperature of 30.deg.C. The maximal ethanol productivity was obtained as 13.3 g/I/hr at a dilution rate of $0.76 hr^{-1}$.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.366-372
• /
• 1993

The aim of this study was to find out the rapid fermentation of soy sauce from koji hydrolyzate using column type reactor packed with immobilized yeast cells. Each immobilized cell of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii BH-90 and Candida versatilis BH-91 in the packed column type reactor produced 2.8% ethyl alcohol and 18mg/l 4-ethylguaiacol over 96 hours under the optimal condition. Continuous fermentation was performed by immobilized Z. rouxii BH-90 packed in column type reactor. Immobilized Z. rouxii BH-90 produced 2.30~2.85% ethyl alcohol during 30 days, and decreased gradually from 40 days to 80 days. Also C. versatilis BH-91 produced 4-ethylguaiacol at the constant rate of 16~18mg/l and decreased gradually after 40 days. Final product of soy sauce contained 2.8% ethyl alcohol and 18mg/l 4-ethylguaiacol. However, amino acid compositions of final products were consisted of predominantly glutamic acid, leucine, arginine, aspartic acid, lysine and valine, which were more than 50% of total amino acid.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.525-529
• /
• 1990

식물세포인 Lithospermum erythrorhizon을 교반 반응기와 calcium alghinate에 고정화된 상태로 충전층 반응기에서 n-hexadecane으로 동시 추출하면서 shikonin을 생산하여 각각의 생산성을 비교하였다. 교반 반응기에서 shikonin의 비생산과 부피생산성은 각각 1.5mg shikonin/g cell과 400$\mu g$ shikonin/(L.day)였고 충전층 반응기에서는 가각 2.0mg shikonin/g cell과 2857 $\mu g$ shikonin/(L.day)였으며 이는 각각 교반 반응기에 비하여 1.3, 7.1배 높은 것이다. 충전층 반응기에서 shikonin의 생산성이 높은 것은 calcium alginate 입자에 세포가 고농도고 축적되어 단위 반응기 부피당 세로의 부하 능력이 높고 또한 세포가 서로 접촉하기가 쉽고 고정화 입자내의 환경이 세포가 분화하기에 좋은 조건을 형성하기 때문인 것으로 사료된다.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1996

The behavior of total organic carbon (TOC) and phosphate were observed for 15 days with immobilized activated sludge using polyacrylamide (PAA) by sequencing batch reactor (SBR). In the preparation of immobilized sludge by PAA, it was found that suitable acrylamide concentration for actual wastewater treatment was to be 15% through the batch test. When SBR system was operated in the repeated aerobic and anaerobic conditions, TOC removal efficiency was 92%. The uptake rate of phosphate was increased from 1.78 mg-P/g cell/hr on the 5th day of acclimation to 2.5 mg-P/g cell/hr on the 15th day of acclimation. And the total phosphorus content in PAA bead was increased from 40 mg-P/g cell on the 1st day of operation to 55 mg-P/g cell on the 15th day of operation. From this study, lowering the volume of aeration tank was possible when PAA bead was used in wastewater treatment and long operation was also possible without the settler.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.165-169
• /
• 1989

고생산성의 알콜 발효용 생물반응기를 개발하기 위하여 sodium alginate로 효모균체를 고정화시킨 후 충전탑 반응기를 제조하였다. 이 때 gel속에 고정화되어 있는 세포에 산소를 공급하기 위하여 배지를 공기로 포화시킨 후 공급하였다. 그 결과 9% 포도당을 함유한 배지를 사용하였을 경우 최대 알콜생산성은 35g/$\ell$-gel-hr에서 55g/$\ell$-gel-hr로 증가되었고 90%의 전환율을 얻는데 걸리는 시간도 40분에서 25분으로 감소되었다. 즉 고정화세포 충전탑 반응기에서도 배지에 어느 정도의 산소를 공급하면 세포활성의 증가로 발효속도가 현저히 촉진됨을 알 수 있었다.