• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.401-406
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• 2015

In this study, the gait imbalance evaluation algorithm based on two axes angle using encoder is proposed. This experiment was carried out to experiment with a healthy adult male to 10 people. The device is attached to the hip and knee joint in order to measure the angle during the gait. Normal and imbalance gait angle data were measured using an encoder attached to the hip and knee joints. Also, in order to verify the reliability of estimation of asymmetrical gait using hip and knee angle, it was compared with the result of asymmetrical gait estimation using foot pressure. SI (Symmetry Index) was used as an index for determining the gait imbalance. As a result, normal gait and 1.5cm imbalance gait were evaluation as normal gait through SI using an encoder. And imbalance gait of 3cm, 4cm, and 6cm were judge by imbalance gait. Whereas all gait experiments except normal gait were evaluation as imbalance gait through SI using the pressure. It was possible to determine both the normal gait and imbalance gait through measurement for the angle and the pressure.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2014

In this paper, the gait imbalance evaluation algorithm based on temporal symmetry ratio using encoder is proposed. The device is attached to the hip joint in order to measure the angle during the normal gait. Using an angle data, the stance phase and swing phase was determined. And the value of TSR(temporal symmetry ratio) was calculated by stance phase and swing phase of gait cycle. For the comparative experiment, the conventional method of the foot pressure was measured at the same conditions. The results of statistical analysis, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) when using encoder. The gait imbalance analysis using encoder is effective in determining the imbalance than using the existing method of pressure.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the walking imbalance using the EMG(electromyogram). To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed encoder and acceleration, EMG sensor based gait imbalance determination system. This experiment was carried out to evaluation with a healthy adult male to 10 people. The Encoder device is attached to the hip and knee joint in order to measure the gait signal. The Accelerometer sensors are attached on the ankle. The EMG sensors are attached on the vastus lateralis and anterior tibialis. SI(Symmetry Index) was used as an index for determining the gait imbalance. To confirm if the judgment has been made correctly, the heel, regarded as the cause of unbalanced ambulation, was adjusted from 0 cm to 6 cm with intervals of 1.5 cm. In the cases of the encoder and the EMG, the difference of 0 cm and 1.5 cm is determined into normal walk but the other difference is distinguished into gait imbalance. In the case of the accelerometer, the difference of 0 cm, 1.5 cm and 3 cm is determined into normal walk but the other difference is distinguished into gait imbalance.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.541-545
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• 2014

In this paper, the angle of the thighs that appear during walking condition to balance estimation to the left and right leg was occurred during normal walking. Get over to the limitations of gait analysis using image processing or foot pressure that was used a lot in the previous, the angle of the thigh were used for estimation of asymmetric gait. We implemented heathy five adult male to test targeting and gait and obtained cycle data from 10 times. For this research, Thigh-Angle measurement device were developed, and attached to in a position of $20^{\circ}$ for flexion and $15^{\circ}$ for extension to measure the angle of the thigh. Also, in order to verify the reliability of estimation of asymmetric gait using thigh-angle, it was compared with the result of asymmetric gait estimation using foot pressure. The results of this paper, using the thigh angle is the average of 16.84% higher than using pressure to accuracy of determine the gait imbalance.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2023

Gait analysis is an important tool in the clinical management of cerebral palsy, allowing for the assessment of condition severity, identification of potential gait abnormalities, planning and evaluation of interventions, and providing a baseline for future comparisons. However, traditional methods of gait analysis are costly and time-consuming, leading to a need for a more convenient and continuous method. This paper proposes a method for analyzing the posture of cerebral palsy patients using only smartphone videos and deep learning models, including a ResNet-based image tilt correction, AlphaPose for human pose estimation, and SmoothNet for temporal smoothing. The indicators employed in medical practice, such as the imbalance angles of shoulder and pelvis and the joint angles of spine-thighs, knees and ankles, were precisely examined. The proposed system surpassed pose estimation alone, reducing the mean absolute error for imbalance angles in frontal videos from 4.196° to 2.971° and for joint angles in sagittal videos from 5.889° to 5.442°.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.63-71
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study was examined the effects of coordinative locomotor training (CLT) on the postural imbalance and gait in children. METHODS: Four children were sampled as subjects. A single subject study (A-B-A') was conducted by measuring the following: baseline five sessions;, intervention phase, 15 sessions;, and postline (A') five sessions. The research period was eight weeks. The CLT program consisted of warming-up exercise, main exercise, and finishing exercise, and it was performed for one hour per day. A oneleg standing test (OLST) was performed determine the static balance. A functional reach test (FRT) was performed determine the reactionary balance. To determine the dynamic balance, the time up and go test (TUG) was performed. A 10m walking test (10 MWT) was performed to determine the walking ability. A statistical test was performed through descriptive statistics to present the average and standard deviation, and the variation rate was compared using a visual analysis method with graphs. RESULTS: As a result of CLT application, all four subjects improved the OLST, FRT, TUG, and 10 MWT compared to the intervention period baseline, and postline period. CONCLUSION: CLT appeared to improve the posture imbalance and gait in children.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2015

In this paper, an efficient system using 3-axis accelerometer is proposed to diagnose the gait imbalance. The proposed hardware system consists of two 3-axis accelerometers to measure 3 directional acceleration of ankles and an embedded system to transfer the data. The acquired data were normalized and then compared to analyze the symmetry between normal and abnormal gait with ROCC (ratio of correlation coefficient). 10 healthy subjects were participated and each subject repeated the experiment 5 times. To make unbalanced ambulation, the height of the heel of one foot was changed during experiments. From the results, it is verified that ROCC index grew apart from the reference according to growing imbalance and the proposed system could be available for estimation of gait imbalance.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.9-23
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• 2024

In this study, we propose a method to improve the classification accuracy of body mass index (BMI) estimation techniques based on three-dimensional gait data. In previous studies on BMI estimation techniques, the classification accuracy was only about 60%. In this study, we identify the reasons for the low BMI classification accuracy. According to our analysis, the reason is the use of the undersampling technique to address the class imbalance problem in the gait dataset. We propose applying oversampling instead of undersampling to solve the class imbalance issue. We also demonstrate the usefulness of anthropometric and spatiotemporal features in gait data-based BMI estimation techniques. Previous studies evaluated the usefulness of anthropometric and spatiotemporal features in the presence of undersampling techniques and reported that their combined use leads to lower BMI estimation performance than when using either feature alone. However, our results show that using both features together and applying an oversampling technique achieves state-of-the-art performance with 92.92% accuracy in the BMI estimation problem.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.146-152
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• 2004

Introduction: Vertigo is one of the common symptoms that we can see often clinically. It is hallucination to motion of oneself or surroundings. Vertigo include not only simple whirling sensation but also leaning or falling down sensation. Particularly in vestibular neuritis, the principal symptoms is dizziness and accompanied by nystagmus, gait imbalance, nausea, vomiting. Cause of vestibular neuritis is inflammatory disease such as common cold. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy of oriental-treatment on vestibular neuritis patient Subjects: We diagnosed one patient who had severe vertigo and gait imbalance as "dizziness retention of phlegm"(담훈) and treat orientally. Conclusion: After oriental-treatment for 15 days, walk balance was improved and no more vertigo was appeared. We could assume that in the vertigo and gait inbalance due to vestibular neuritis, the acupuncture and herbal medicine can be used.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2017

This study was to develop the balance insole system for detecting and improving the muscle imbalance of left and right side in lower limbs. We were to verify the validation of balance insole system by analyzing the strategy of muscular activities and foot pressure according to sound feedback. We developed the balance insole based FSR sensor modules for estimating the muscle imbalance using detecting foot pressure. The insole system was FPCB have 8-spot FSR sensor with sensitivity range of 64-level. The participants were twenty peoples who have muscle strength differences in left and right legs over 20%. We measured the muscular activity and foot pressure of left and right side of lower limbs in various gait environment for verifying the improvement effect of muscle imbalance according to sound feedback. They performed gait in slope at 0, 5, 10, 15% and velocity at 3, 4, 5km/h. The result showed that the level of muscle imbalance reduced within 30% for sound feedback of balance insole system contrast to high level of muscle imbalance at 169.9~246.8% during normal gait for increasing slope and velocity. This study found the validation of balance insole system with sound feedback stimulus. Also, we thought that it is necessary to research on the sensitivity of foot area, detection of muscle imbalance and processing algorithm of correction threshold spot.