• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.7-28
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• 2008

Colin Rowe was an important historian, theorist and critic in Modern architecture. His significance in Modern architectural history lies in not only historiography which has changed our view of Modernism but deep theoretical involvement in practice. This study is a critical review and analysis on his formalist approach in Architecture. With a view that his position of formalist has indispensible relationship with liberalism from K. Popper's critical rationalism, this study try to show how his philosophical background has an influence upon his way of seeing architecture, history, form, urbanism, and meaning, etc. And this study also try to explain why the principle of architecture as an autonomous discipline which is the main point of view in Rowe's criticism has been so successful and influential. This study also explain what is the possibility and limitation of Rowe's formalist approach and way of reading buildings. His intelligent way of formal analysis can give us new understandings of how the form generates and the process of design goes on. Furthermore it guide us a new horizon of architecture as a language game. Since his early writings showed both side of formalist approach in architecture and it didn't changed a lot. We can understand his 'Collage City' was a his final answer to his formalist way of making architecture and urbanism. we can estemate it as a utopia without utopianism and an ideology without ideological color.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2014

Beauty of the proportion of the furniture of the Joseon Dynasty, have been studied by many researchers along with the ideological background. Furniture Joseon, can know that it has emphasized the beauty by placing the base with simplicity and to base the natural view. However, efforts are missing try to find a logical answer about what is configured by any principle view of nature we are talking about. Therefore, in the present study, we study the beauty of proportion to the center of the hall furniture Korea dynasty, and it was studied perspective of view of nature of the times. Around the neck of the Joseon Dynasty furniture, it is going to become an opportunity to say fundamentally the culture of their own ingenious with uniqueness by reviewing the discrimination of the cultural identity. That illuminates the housing culture through the characteristics of furniture and space, to pursue the unity is going to be able to find a lot of information from a wider point of view. In this paper we present a visual furniture material for efficient survey through use of research results, it is expected that it is used as related documents that can be usefully employed in the development process of the furniture design.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.51-61
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• 2011

This study aimed to grasp trends of the discourse for improving living conditions carried out since 1920's, when the sense for mending the irrationality of conventional living emerged in various magazines. Among the movement, women intellectuals played an important roles to discuss reforming daily life and unhealthy, inconvenient houseworks. This study found the ideological background and direction of this discourse, and estimated its important role for housing improvement, analyzing the contents of articles published in representative womens' magazines of the modern times. In the discourse, they thought that it was most important to make houseworks brief and efficient, and concentrated on building rational environment for houseworks. As reforming kitchen system, heating system (Ondol) should be separated from cooking system to improve hygienic and economical condition of houseworks. Reformed kitchen would be equipped with new installations for effectiveness, lightened by sunlight through windows, and finished floor with cement and drainage for sanitation. Also, they suggested new ways of living, planning modern houses with reformed kitchen system, thinking about moving path and distance of housewives. This discourse would be a foundation to the change of kitchen system up to now.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.177-198
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to examine the theory of mind and body practice in Dan-Jeon-Ju-Seon from the point of views of Taoism, Buddhism, and Oriental medicine. Methods : An ideological background and development of Dan-Jeon-Ju-Seon was first examined. Then, the definition of, other descriptions of, and various locations of, Dan-Jeon were investigated. In addition, the theory of Qi movement of Shui Sheng Huo Jiang (ascent of water Chi and descent of fire Chi) in Dan-Jeon-Ju-Seon was taken into consideration from perspectives on the thought of Taoist Nei Dan (internal alchemy) and Oriental medicine. Finally, the characteristics of mind and body practice in Dan-Jeon-Ju-Seon. Results & Conclusions : Dan-Jeon in Dan-Jeon-Ju-Seon consists of three parts, upper, middle, and lower Dan-Jeon, which is related to Jing (sperm, essence) Qi (breath, eneregy) Shen (spirit, intellect) of our body. Jing Qi Shen is a crucial part in our mind and body, mind and body are connected by energy, and the energy flow is possible by ascent of water Chi and descent of fire Chi. Ultimately, Dan-Jeon-Ju-Seon is a method of practice to keep one's mind and body healthy, and its purpose is to do timeless meditation in our daily lives regardless of time and place.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1021-1033
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• 2009

This study aimed to analyze the expression of Hybrid in Contemporary Hair Design that is one kind of total fashion. In this research, by background of the hybrid characteristics of the messes culture art, the hybrid characteristics of the hair design has been defined as characters which is the mixture of timeless spaces, styles, sexes, unsuitable elements and cultures. The results of analysis by the expression of the hybrid hair design after 2000 is like this. As the researching, the hybrid characteristics of the hair design by the mixture of unsuitable elements and styles have been presented the highest. The result of the frequency of the apparition in the hair design molding elements according to the expression of the hybrid hair design, the hybrid characteristics of the unsuitable elements and style has been presented ideological form and the artificial form was the highest. The case of the hybrid of the activated texture, the unsuitable elements, style and timeless space has been presented excellently one after another. In the color tone, the mixture of the style, the unsuitable elements and timeless space has been presented one by one. The case of the hybrid of the image, the unsuitable elements that is the highest the frequency of the apparition was presented the image of the avant-garde, the fantastic and humor one after another.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.32
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• pp.90-96
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• 2002

Laying stress on the upper classes of Western Europe until from the seventeenth to the eighteenth century, the chinese mode in the fields of architecture, interior design and fashion was widely liked. It is called as ‘chinoiserie’into the French language. The chinese design with its quantity and ornamentation exerted an influence upon‘Rococo’in France and upon ‘Chippendale’ in England. The chinese mode that was made best use of the furniture design is the one of Ming dynasty. This was developed in relation to the interior design of ‘Siheyuan’ that is the architectural mode in those days. The furnitures at the times of Ming dynasty was raised to the position of the golden era in the history of chinese furnitures. The furniture has the technique laying stress on symmetrical proportion, simplicity. This technique showed as the formative modeling. also on the part of decoration ornamental designs showing the china ideology of Taoism, Buddhism and Confucianism it was used. In this formative modeling the ideological background of those days forms the groundwork. The combination of reason and sentiment and of heart and mind emphasizes that our emotion should be in control by the ration and our emotion and ration should be harmonized.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.15
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• pp.109-122
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• 2009

Cultural policy, a part of ideological policy has affected remarkable changes in movie and animation. Korean animation was called cartoon movie and popular only among children, but works dealing with anti-communism ideology have been introduced in Korea since before/after 1970s. Animation focusing on ideology is not unique in Korea, but division of two Koreas after Korean War made great influence on social, cultural and educational aspects of the nation. Moreover, modification in movie-related laws and regulations made in 1960s - 1970s affected movie and animation significantly and is a means of strengthening anti-communism. In particular, Director Cheong-gi Kim's released in 1978 is meaningful in that it is the first long piece of animation movie. In this study, I clarify anticommunistic ideology reflected on the anticommunistic animations and the imageable expression of ideology reflected on . Most of all, I emphasize on clarifying how the cultural policies and social & cultural background influence on the advent of anticommunistic animation in 1960${\sim}$1970. Also, to communicate anticommunistic ideology reflected on produced under the social & cultural background, I clarify the expressive characteristic which the image of animation has.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.29-42
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• 2021

This study is about the development of hybrid bag designs using folk paintings and the paintings of Pieter Brueghel. For the development of design, the study examined the periodical, ideological background, aesthetic characteristics, composition and themes of folk paintings, and Brueghel's paintings. Through a literature review, many similarities were found between folk paintings and Brueghel's paintings, such as symbolism and humor, which are aesthetic characteristics of folk paintings, and the use of stories, myths, folktales, or satire with a background of nature. In addition, hybrid fashions made by mixing conflicting elements, such as East and West, men and women, and rich and poor are attracting attention. However, the development of hybrid fashion designs of Korean folk paintings and Western paintings are rare. So, folktale characters were produced on Korean folktales. The deer expressed in the Bible Agatha, the tiger in from a Korean folktale, magpies are symbols of longevity. The folk painting characters described above, and the folk paintings of Peter Bruegel were fused and reconstructed. The bag designs were developed based on this fused and reconstructed work. The significance of this study is to expand folk paintings that reflect Korea's representative thoughts and lifestyles through the fusion of various motifs and Western paintings, and to present folk paintings as a medium that can inherit Korean beauty and inform the world.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.79
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• pp.104-139
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• 2016

This study investigated how Korean media covered Japan's position on her past history issues proposed by Abe' Shinzo's cabinet. The researchers adopted Entman's analytical tools for frame analysis and the concept of "frame changing" proposed by Chi and McCombs. The analysis rendered several propositions. First of all, the Korean media's coverage on Japan's past history issues focused heavily on the current conflict among two nations rather than constructing a futuristic viewpoint based on a thorough discussion on the historical background of the topic. In addition, it emphasized that the conflict should be resolved by political negotiations between the two governments. Secondly, the news coverages depicted "comfort women" issues as the prime element of the conflict, describing Abe's cabinet as the major inducer of the conflict. Ideological and political divisions among Korean media did not significantly influence on how they frame Japan's past history issues. In general, Korean media took the stance of ethnocentric "patriotic journalism," advocating Korean government's position and covering the emotional reactions from Korean public instead of providing through and through objective news coverage on Japan's past history issues.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.49-70
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• 2002

There have recently been increasing exchanges between South and North Korea in many areas of society, involving politics, economics, culture, education. In response to these developments, research activities are more strongly demanded in each of these areas to help prepare for the final unification of the two parts of the nation. In the area of mathematics education, scholars have started to conduct comparative studies of mathematics education in South and North Korea. As a response to the growing demand of the time, in this thesis we compared the secondary mathematics education in South Korea with that in North Korea. To begin with, we examined the background of education, in North Korea, particularly predominant ideological, epistemological and teaching theoretical aspects of education in North Korea. Thereafter, we compared the mathematics curriculum of South Korea with that of North Korea. On the basis of these examinations, we compared the secondary school mathematics textbooks of South and North Korea, and we attempted to suggest a guideline for researches preparing for the unification of the mathematics curriculum of South and North Korea. As a communist society, North Korea awards the socialist ideology the supreme rank and treats all school subjects as instrumental tools that are subordinated to the dominant communist ideology. On the other hand, under the socialist ideology North Korea also emphasizes the achievement of the objective of socialist economic development by expanding the production of material wealth. As such, mathematics in North Korea is seen as a tool subject for training skilled technical hands and fostering science and technology, hence promoting the socialist material production and economic development. Hence, the mathematics education of North Korea adopts a so-called "awakening teaching method," and emphasizes the approaches that combine intuition with logical explanation using materials related with the ideology or actual life. These basic viewpoints of North Korea on mathematics education are different from those of South Korea, which emphasize the problem-solving ability and acquisition of academic mathematical knowledge, and which focus on organizing as well as discovering knowledge of learners' own accord. In comparison of the secondary school mathematics textbooks used in South and North Korea, we looked through external forms, contents, quantity of each area of school mathematics, viewpoints of teaching, and term. We have identified similarities in algebra area and differences in geometry area especially in teaching sequence and approaching method. Many differences are also found in mathematical terms. Especially, it is found that North Korea uses mathematical terms in Hangul more actively than South Korea. We examined the specific topics that are treated in both South and North Korea, "outer-center & inner-center of triangle" and "mathematical induction", and identified such differences more concretely. Through this comparison, it was found that the concrete heterogeneity in the textbooks largely derive from the differences in the basic ideological viewpoints between South and North Korea. On the basis of the above findings, we attempted to make some suggestions for the researches preparing for the unification in the area of secondary mathematics education.