• Journal of Breast Cancer
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.433-4341
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) on recurrence and survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients with cytology-proven axillary node metastasis. Methods: We selected patients who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis and were treated with NAC followed by curative surgery between January 2007 and December 2014. We classified patients into three groups: group A, negative sentinel lymph node (SLN) status and no further dissection; group B, negative SLN status with backup axillary lymph node dissection (ALND); and group C, no residual axillary metastasis on pathology with standard ALND. Results: The median follow-up time was 51 months (range, 3-122 months) and the median number of retrieved SLNs was 5 (range, 2-9). The SLN identification rate was 98.3% (234/238 patients), and the false negative rate of SLNB after NAC was 7.5%. There was no significant difference in axillary recurrence-free survival (p=0.118), disease-free survival (DFS; p=0.578) or overall survival (OS; p=0.149) among groups A, B, and C. In the subgroup analysis of breast pathologic complete response (pCR) status, there was no significant difference in DFS (p=0.271, p=0.892) or OS (p=0.207, p=0.300) in the breast pCR and non-pCR patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that SLNB can be feasible and oncologically safe after NAC for cytology-determined axillary node metastasis patients and could help reduce arm morbidity and lymphedema by avoiding ALND in SLN-negative patients.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 2019

SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) remote sensing data is a very useful tool for near-real-time identification of landslide affected areas that can occur over a large area due to heavy rains or typhoons. This study aims to develop an effective algorithm for automatically delineating landslide areas from the polarimetric SAR data acquired after the landslide event. To detect landslides from SAR observations, reduction of the speckle effects in the estimation of polarimetric SAR parameters and the orthorectification of geometric distortions on sloping terrain are essential processing steps. Based on the experimental analysis, it was found that the IDAN filter can provide a better estimation of the polarimetric parameters. In addition, it was appropriate to apply orthorectification process after estimating polarimetric parameters in the slant range domain. Furthermore, it was found that the polarimetric entropy is the most appropriate parameters among various polarimetric parameters. Based on those analyses, we proposed an automatic landslide detection algorithm using the histogram thresholding of the polarimetric parameters with the aid of terrain slope information. The landslide detection algorithm was applied to the ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 data which observed landslide areas in Japan triggered by Typhoon in September 2011. Experimental results showed that the landslide areas were successfully identified by using the proposed algorithm with a detection rate of about 82% and a false alarm rate of about 3%.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.58-67
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• 2019

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the drinking behaviors and drinking-related problems of college students in South Korea to produce national alcohol statistics. Methods: We carefully examined the questionnaires and previous research developed in the previous research project and selected questions that reflect the special environment and culture of college students. In order to stratify a nationally representative sample of college students, the distribution of students around the country were found through the educational statistics database of the Korea Educational Development Institute. Based on this information, we conducted a survey in collaboration with Gallup (Korea) to survey and analyze the drinking behaviors of 5,024 Korean students. Results: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017, for Korean college students. A total of 5,024 students were recruited and analyzed. The monthly drinking rate was 78.0% for male students and 72.9% for female students. The high-risk drinking rate was 23.3% for male students and 17.2% for female students. The most popular category for number of drinks per drinking session was 'more than 10 glasses' per drinking session for both male (44.1%) and female (32.8%). On the alcohol use disorders identification test, the greatest proportion of male students were in the high-risk drinking category (score 8 to 15) 43.8%, followed by the 'low-risk drinking' (score 0 to 7) in 43.6%, 'alcohol abuse' (score 16 to 19) 7.2%, and 'alcohol dependence' (greater than 20) 5.4% categories, respectively. For female students, the greatest proportion of female students were in the 'low-risk drinking' in 49.6%, followed by 'high-risk drinking' 37.1%, 'alcohol abuse' 8.4%, and 'alcohol dependence' 4.9% categories, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the drinking behavior of Korean college students was excessive. Overall, it was found that the college population has a greater high-risk drinking behaviors than general adult population. Furthermore, these problem drinking behaviors were prominent among female college students. Results from the present study suggest that it is necessary to monitor the drinking behavior of college students with constant interest and to prepare policies and strategies suitable for these circumstances.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.622-629
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• 2019

Recently, the government is taking new approaches to change the fact that the accident rate and accident death rate of the construction industry account for a high percentage of the whole industry. Especially, it is investing heavily in the development of construction technology that is fused with ICT technology in line with the current trend of the 4th Industrial Revolution. In order to cope with this situation, this paper proposed a concept to recognize and share the work situation information between the construction machine driver and the surrounding worker to enhance the safety in the place where construction machines are operated. In order to realize the part of the concept, we applied image processing technology using camera based on artificial intelligence to earth-moving work. Especially, we implemented an algorithm that can recognize the surrounding worker's circumstance and identify the risk situation through the experiment using the compaction equipment. and image processing algorithm based on YOLO-v3. This algorithm processes 15.06 frames per second in video and can recognize danger situation around construction machine with accuracy of 90.48%. We will contribute to the prevention of safety accidents at the construction site by utilizing this technology in the future.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.143-151
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• 2022

In order to investigate the cause of wilting symptoms in red pepper field of Korea, the frequency of occurrence of red peppers showing wilting symptoms was investigated in pepper cultivation fields in Goesan, Chungcheongbuk-do for 5 years from 2010 to 2014. There was a difference in the frequency of wilting symptoms depending on the year of investigation, but the frequency of occurrence increased as the investigation period passed from June and July to August. During this period, Ralstonia solanacearum causing the bacterial wilt was isolated at a rate four times higher than Phytophthora capsica causing the Phytophthora late blight. In wilted peppers collected in Goesan of Chungbuk and Andong of Gyeongbuk in 2013 and 2014, R. solanacearum and P. capsici were isolated from 20.3% and 3.8% of the total fields, respectively. In the year with a high rate of wilting symptoms, the average temperature was high, and the disease occurrence date of the bacterial wilt, estimated with disease forecasting model, was also fast. The inconsistency between the number of days at risk of Phytophthora late blight and the frequency of occurrence of wither symptoms is thought to be due to the generalization of the use of cultivars resistant to the Phytophthora late blight in the pepper field. In our study, the wilting symptoms were caused by the bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum rather than the Phytophthora late blight caused by P. capsica, which is possibly caused by increasing cultivation of pepper varieties resistant to the Phytophthora late blight in the field.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.177-184
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• 2021

Sex identification in day-old chicks is essential in the poultry industry. Currently, the feather-sexing using a sex-linked inheritance is a chick sexing method used extensively in the poultry industry. For chicks produced by feather-sexing, all females are early-feathering (EF) chicks and all males are late-feathering (LF) chicks. Therefore, investigating the effects of EF and LF phenotypes on production traits of chickens is critical. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the production performance between EF and LF chickens in Korean native commercial chickens. The results showed that the survival rate of the EF chickens was significantly higher than that of the LF chickens, from hatching to 12 weeks of age (P<0.05), with the highest difference observed in females. However, no significant difference was observed in body weight between the EF and LF chickens at almost all ages. In addition, no significant difference was observed between in feed utility, such as average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio, between the EF and LF groups. In conclusion, although the survival rate of early-feathering chickens was superior to that of late-feathering chickens, no significant difference was observed in growth performance and feed utility among Korean native chickens. The results suggest that production capacity is not influenced by feathering type in the establishment of a breeder structure and production system for feather-sexing Korean native chickens, which is valuable for the practical application of feather-sexing in the poultry industry.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.648-658
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• 2022

Objective: The identification of nonlinear mixed models that describe the growth trajectory of New Zealand rabbits was performed based on weight records and carcass measures obtained using ultrasonography. Methods: Phenotypic records of body weight (BW) and loin eye area (LEA) were collected from 66 animals raised in a didactic-productive module of cuniculture located in the southern Piaui state, Brazil. The following nonlinear models were tested considering fixed parameters: Brody, Gompertz, Logistic, Richards, Meloun 1, modified Michaelis-Menten, Santana, and von Bertalanffy. The coefficient of determination (R²), mean squared error, percentage of convergence of each model (%C), mean absolute deviation of residuals, Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to determine the best model. The model that best described the growth trajectory for each trait was also used under the context of mixed models, considering two parameters that admit biological interpretation (A and k) with random effects. Results: The von Bertalanffy model was the best fitting model for BW according to the highest value of R² (0.98) and lowest values of AIC (6,675.30) and BIC (6,691.90). For LEA, the Logistic model was the most appropriate due to the results of R² (0.52), AIC (783.90), and BIC (798.40) obtained using this model. The absolute growth rates estimated using the von Bertalanffy and Logistic models for BW and LEA were 21.51g/d and 3.16 cm², respectively. The relative growth rates at the inflection point were 0.028 for BW (von Bertalanffy) and 0.014 for LEA (Logistic). Conclusion: The von Bertalanffy and Logistic models with random effect at the asymptotic weight are recommended for analysis of ponderal and carcass growth trajectories in New Zealand rabbits. The inclusion of random effects in the asymptotic weight and maturity rate improves the quality of fit in comparison to fixed models.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2023

Objective: In this study, we aimed to position the Hungarian Merino among other Merinoderived sheep breeds, explore the characteristics of our sampled animals' genetic similarity network within the breed, and highlight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with daily weight-gain. Methods: Hungarian Merino (n = 138) was genotyped on Ovine SNP50 Bead Chip (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) and positioned among 30 Merino and Merino-derived breeds (n = 555). Population characteristics were obtained via PLINK, SVS, Admixture, and Treemix software, within-breed network was analysed with python networkx 2.3 library. Daily weight gain of Hungarian Merino was standardised to 60 days and was collected from the database of the Association of Hungarian Sheep and Goat Breeders. For the identification of loci associated with daily weight gain, a multi-locus mixed-model was used. Results: Supporting the breed's written history, the closest breeds to Hungarian Merino were Estremadura and Rambouillet (pairwise F_ST values are 0.035 and 0.036, respectively). Among Hungarian Merino, a highly centralised connectedness has been revealed by network analysis of pairwise values of identity-by-state, where the animal in the central node had a betweenness centrality value equal to 0.936. Probing of daily weight gain against the SNP data of Hungarian Merinos revealed five associated loci. Two of them, OAR8_17854216.1 and s42441.1 on chromosome 8 and 9 (-log₁₀P>22, false discovery rate<5.5e-20) and one locus on chromosome 20, s28948.1 (-log₁₀P = 13.46, false discovery rate = 4.1e-11), were close to the markers reported in other breeds concerning daily weight gain, six-month weight, and post-weaning gain. Conclusion: The position of Hungarian Merino among other Merino breeds has been determined. We have described the similarity network of the individuals to be applied in breeding practices and highlighted several markers useful for elevating the daily weight gain of Hungarian Merino.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.164-177
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• 2022

Medical device usability evaluation refers to the evaluation of medical devices through actual users before the final prototype production is completed. IEC 62366, one of the international safety standards for electronic medical devices, is a standard that must be applied to obtain medical device licenses in major advanced countries such as Europe and the United States. In Korea, through the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety's notice, from January 2021, sequential application by grade has been implemented. In this study, 15 participant specialists were recruited through the Incheon G University Hospital Medical Device Convergence Center for formative evaluation during user suitability evaluation of the focused ultrasound stimulation system being developed by Icleo Co., Ltd., and the test was conducted through joint scenario development. . In the result of task performance, the performance rate was 90.67%, and after the completion of the performance, 86.67% of 'Easy user interface' and 94% of 'Identification/Readability/Understanding of information' questions in the participant survey results analysis by question. The response rate was above average.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.532-544
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• 2023

Purpose: To identify and evaluate the risk of chemical fire causative substances by using thermal analysis methods (DSC, TGA) for the hazards and physical property changes that occur when newly used biofuels are mixed with existing fuels It is to use it for identification and evaluation of the cause of fire by securing data related to the method and the hazards of the material according to it. Method: The research method used in this experiment is the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC: Difference in heat flux) through quantitative information on the caloric change from the location, shape, number, and area of peaks. flux) was measured, and the weight change caused by decomposition heat at a specific temperature was continuously measured by performing thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA: Thermo- gravimetric Analyzer). Result: First, in the heat flux graph, the boiling point of the material and the intrinsic characteristic value of the material or the energy required for decomposition can be checked. Second, as the content of biodiesel increased, many peaks were identified. Third, it was confirmed through analysis that substances with low expected boiling points were contained. Conclusion: It was shown that the physical risk of the material can be evaluated by using the risk of biodiesel, which is currently used as a new energy source, through various physical and chemical analysis techniques (DSC + TGA).In addition, it is expected that the comparison of differences between test methods and the accumulation and utilization of know-how on experiments in this study will be helpful in future studies on physical properties of hazardous materials and risk assessment of materials.