• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.239-268
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• 2019

Since last several decades, iconic memory has been accepted theoretically valid for its role of the first storage mechanism in visual memory process. However, there have been relatively less interests in iconic memory among researchers than their interests in visual short- and long-term memory. Such little interests seem to arise from a lack of detailed understandings of theories and methodologies about iconic memory and visual persistence. This study aimed to achieve the understandings by reviewing theories and empirical studies of iconic memory and visual persistence. The study further discussed future direction of iconic memory research according to the essential aspects of phenomenological and ecological criticisms against the validity of iconic memory.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1410-1420
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of effective expression on T-shirts pattern by peirce's semiotic theory. The methods of this study was to analyze 721 T-shirts patterns in designer's collection from 2000 to 2004. The results of this study were as follows: First of all, iconic expression showed high frequency after 2000. Characteristics of effective expression were as follows: In geometric expression, repetition was presented as a symbolic sign by regular proportion and rule of dot, line, plane, irregularity, mixture of irregular dot, line, plane. Mixed expression was presented as a iconic and symbolic sign by collage, mixture of dot, line, plane, icon and letter. In iconic expression, simplification of iconic sigrl was presented as a iconic sign by simplification of form, color, texture, realistic expression using digital as a iconic sign, and symbolic face, body as a symbolic sign. Pop art's expression was presented as a iconic sign by a cartoon and commercial character and illusion was presented as a iconic sign. In letter's expression, brand logo was presented as a symbolic sign by transformation of letter's design, a symbolic sign of numeral by transformation of size, thickness, form, color. Symbolic message phrase was presented by slogan, fashion trend, brand image, descriptive indication message as a index sign by using icon or singleness. In conclusion, characteristics of effective expression on T-shirts pattern will present not only the theoretical foundation to raise the value added, but also the information about beauty sense of times, political and social value.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.46 no.2 s.117
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• pp.141-153
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• 2007

The purpose of the study is to analyze children's proportional reasoning and problem solving in proportional problems with/without iconic representations. Proportional problems include 3 tasks such as (a) without any picture, (b) with simple picture, and (c) with/without iconic representation. As a result, children didn't show any significant differences in two tasks such as (a) and (b). However, children showed better proportional reasoning with iconic representation. In addition, 'build-up expression' strategy was used mostly in solving problems and 'additive strategy' was shown as an error which students didn't make an appropriate proportional relation expression and they made a wrong additive strategy.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.720-732
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• 1996

Spatial match retrieval methods for iconic image databases recognize an image document as several icon symbols. Therefore the iconic symbols are used as primary keys to index the image document. When a user requires content-based retrieval ofimages, a spatial match retrieval method converts a query image into iconic symbols and then retrieves relevant images by accessing stored images. In order to support content-based image retrieval efficiently, we, in this paper, propose spatial match retrieval methods using signatures for iconic image databases. For this, we design new index representations of two-dimensional iconic images and explain implemented system.. In addition, we compare the conventional 9-DLT and our two-dimensional image retrieval method in terms of retrieval precision and recall ratio. We show that our method is more efficient than the conventional method.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.13B no.4 s.107
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• pp.479-488
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• 2006

The iconic language interlace is designed to provide more convenient environments for communication to the target system than the keyboard-based interface. For this work, tendencies and features of vocabulary are analyzed in conversation corpora constructed from the corresponding domains with high degree of utilization, and the meaning and vocabulary system of iconic language are constructed through application of natural language processing methodologies such as morphological, syntactic and semantic analyses. The part of speech and grammatical rules of iconic language are defined in order to make the situation corresponding the icon to the vocabulary and meaning of the Korean language and to communicate through icon sequence. For linguistic ambiguity resolution which may occur in the iconic language and for effective semantic processing, semantic data focused on situation of the iconic language are constructed from the general purpose Korean semantic dictionary and subcategorization dictionary. Based on them, the Korean language generation from the iconic interface in semantic domain is suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04c
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• pp.136-138
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• 2003

UML cannot meet all the requirements offered in different software system for diverse application domain. GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) application domain is an especial environment that requires precise measurement and precision calculation of real-world geographical entities with the help of GPS (Global Position System) in both temporal and spatial factor. Therefore in the paper new extended iconic stereotypes for better modeling GNSS application in the UML Diagram are proposed, and the implementation of a program called StereotypeCreator, which is able to create iconic stereotypes used in one of the most popular visual modeling tools for software development, Rational Rose, will be also proposed.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.279-284
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• 2008

We propose the iconic animation of the software requirement specifications by using the object and dynamic models of the object modeling technique(OMT) methodology. In order to produce the iconic animation, we use "graphical classes" and "icon transformations." In general, the graphical classes are defined for each class of the object diagram. The icon transformations which show the activities of the application are constructed by considering the meaning of the activities and are defined by either basic or compound icons. The icon transformations are added to the state diagrams to generate extended state diagrams. The animation system generates the header files and the code instantiating GUI from the object diagram having graphical classes. The system also generates "event methods" from the extended state diagrams. When the event methods are executed, the behavior of the events is animated by the icon transformations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.129-134
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• 2006

Before the information revolution, written languages used to be our major communication method, but with development of various types of mass media technologies the role of visual images are becoming more and more essential. Computer which is one of the most popular information medias of today has influenced our lives in many ways including the way we communicate through icons. The current study first explores Peirce's semiotic theory and then accordingly Investigates programs, concepts and expressions of iconic designs. Lastly, analyze modern iconic architectural design examples by using the theoretical framework in order to define concepts of semiotic and its relationship architectural design applications as design methods.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.204-218
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• 2020

This study aims to investigate the representation patterns used by elementary teachers and their meaning-making process in electromagnetic experiments. In particular, we analyzed the representations depending on three levels of their abstractness: enactive representation (action based), iconic representation (image based) and symbolic representation (language based). For this, four experiment activities of two teachers were analyzed and the results are as follows. First, as an overall pattern of representation, an experiment subject is presented as the form of symbolic representation and the related concepts, experimental materials and methods are embodied through iconic representation. Then, through enactive representation, the actual experiments are implemented. The experimental results are primarily recorded through iconic representations and abstracted into symbolic representations to draw conclusions. The different levels of representations complement each other to expand their meanings, however, sometimes they also make inconsistent meanings among different levels. Based on these results, educational implications were discussed in terms of supporting and improving electromagnetic experiment activities.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.29-34
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• 2005

Little research has been performed regarding auditory icons even though auditory icons have great potentials as a strategy for creating informative, intuitively accessible, and unobtrusive interface. Therefore, this study was conducted to design new auditory icons through the iconic mapping for ten most frequently used mobile phone menus, and to show the usability of auditory icons. Two most familiar auditory sounds for each menu were collected and compared to the current button-pressing sound. The results show that the newly designed auditory icons had shorter recognition times, better satisfaction than the current icons. In other words, auditory icons could be an effective interface to provide a redundant feedback along with visual feedbacks in navigating mobile devices.