• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.59 no.2
• /
• pp.345-350
• /
• 2022

In this work, we confirm a weak version of a conjecture proposed by Hong Wang. The ideal of the work comes from the tree packing conjecture made by Gyárfás and Lehel. Bollobás confirms the tree packing conjecture for many small tree, who showed that one can pack T₁, T₂, …, $T_{n/\sqrt{2}}$ into Kn and that a better bound would follow from a famous conjecture of Erdős. In a similar direction, Hobbs, Bourgeois and Kasiraj made the following conjecture: Any sequence of trees T₁, T₂, …, T_n, with T_i having order i, can be packed into K_n-1,[n/2]. Further Hobbs, Bourgeois and Kasiraj [3] proved that any two trees can be packed into a complete bipartite graph K_n-1,[n/2]. Motivated by the result, Hong Wang propose the conjecture: For each k-partite tree T(𝕏) of order n, there is a restrained packing of two copies of T(𝕏) into a complete k-partite graph B_n+m(𝕐), where $m={\lfloor}{\frac{k}{2}}{\rfloor}$. Hong Wong [4] confirmed this conjecture for k = 2. In this paper, we prove a weak version of this conjecture.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.47.2-47.2
• /
• 2021

Focusing on both small separations and baryonic acoustic oscillation scales, the cosmic evolution of the clustering properties of peak, void, wall, and filament-type critical points is measured using two-point correlation functions in ΛCDM dark matter simulations as a function of their relative rarity. A qualitative comparison to the corresponding theory for Gaussian random fields allows us to understand the following observed features: (i) the appearance of an exclusion zone at small separation, whose size depends both on rarity and signature (i.e. the number of negative eigenvalues) of the critical points involved; (ii) the amplification of the baryonic acoustic oscillation bump with rarity and its reversal for cross-correlations involving negatively biased critical points; (iii) the orientation-dependent small-separation divergence of the cross-correlations of peaks and filaments (respectively voids and walls) that reflects the relative loci of such points in the filament's (respectively wall's) eigenframe. The (cross-) correlations involving the most non-linear critical points (peaks, voids) display significant variation with redshift, while those involving less non-linear critical points seem mostly insensitive to redshift evolution, which should prove advantageous to model. The ratios of distances to the maxima of the peak-to-wall and peak-to-void over that of the peak-to-filament cross-correlation are ~2-√~2 and ~3-√~3WJ, respectively, which could be interpreted as the cosmic crystal being on average close to a cubic lattice. The insensitivity to redshift evolution suggests that the absolute and relative clustering of critical points could become a topologically robust alternative to standard clustering techniques when analysing upcoming surveys such as Euclid or Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST).

• Journal of English Language & Literature
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.129-152
• /
• 2009

The paper aims to prove symmetries of the left and right edges of a morphological unit through the analysis of English blends. Blends are the words derived from two existing words by snipping the middle parts out and putting the rest together, such as smog (

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.55-68
• /
• 2005

1. Objectives Recently there have been studied the trials to take out the characteristics of Sasangin's face. But there is not the report of the basis of Sasangin's face. So I want to exchange between Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM) and others ; metrology, technology, psychology, ete. 2. Methods I searched documents of Lee Jae-ma and one's junior. I maid a comparative study of each Sasangin's face through them. And I counted each item to find out the major review point of Sasangin's face. 3. Results and Conclusions We found out Sasangin's face has their own characteristics; first impression, forehead, eyes, nose, ears, mouth, voice. And 'First Impression' is the major factor to check the review point of the face for the classification of sasangin through the 9 documents. In the future we have to prove the contents of these clinically. And we have to research the measurement of the face.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.129-135
• /
• 2005

Objective : This study was designed to investigate the effect of bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture on the feeling of cold on legs. Methods : The patient was managed by bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture, body acupuncture and herbal medicine. The following points were selected : BL40, BL57, BL60; SP6. After bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture treatment, body acupuncture was performed at the same points. We evaluated the patient through Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging(D.I.T.I). Results : After 12 times of treatment, the patient showed that clinical symptoms was decreased, VAS changed from 10 to 3 and there was also improvement change on D.I.T.I.. Conclusions : According to the results, bee venom and Scolopendrae Corpus herbal acupuncture may have the effects on the feeling of cold on legs. But further studies and required to prove the effects of this methods.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2017

Random process plays a major role in wireless communication system to analytically derive the probability distribution function of the various statistical distribution. In this paper, we derive the decreasing function of the exponential distribution under the given condition which is expressed as wireless channel condition. The probability distribution function of Gaussian, Laplacian, Rayleigh and Nakagami distribution are also derived. Extensive simulation results of these statistical distributions are provided to prove that random process has a significant role in the wireless communications. In addition, the Rayleigh and Rician channels show specific examples of visible distance communication and invisible distance channel environment. This paper is motivated by that we assume a block fading channel model, where the channel is constant during a transmission block and changes independently between consecutive transmission block, can achieve a better performance in high SNR regime with i.i.d channel. This algorithm for realizing these transforms can be applied to the Kronecker MIMO channel.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.23 no.3 s.42
• /
• pp.415-425
• /
• 1993

Fluoride is one of the most potent stimulators of bone formation in vivo. But its direct effects on osteoblast is not yet clear This study was to investigate the effects of Sodium fluoride on alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity, cAMP formation responsive to parathormone(PTH) and type I $\alpha$ 2 collagen ribonucleic acid (mRNA) level in Murin osteoblast-like (MC3T3-E1) cells. The cells were cultured in $\alpha-Minimal$ essential medium $(\alpha-MEM)$ supplemente with $10\%$ fetal bovine serum (FBS) and then changed to $0.1\%$ FBS with various concentration of Sodium fluoride. The ALP activity was assayed by the method of Lowry with disodium phenyl phosphated as substrate. cAMP formation was measured by Radioimmuno Assay(RIA). Type I $\alpha$ 2 collagen ribonucleic acid(mRNA) expression was studied by Nothern blot analysis. The results were as follows: 1. cAMP level was increased by PTH in MC3T3-E1 cells. 2. Sodium fluoride showed the tendency of inhibitory effects on cAMP responsiveness to PTH in MC3T3-E1 cells. 3. Sodium fluoride increased ALP activity at cocentration of $2{\mu}M,\;4{\mu}M,\;and\;10{\mu}M$ significantly different from control at the 0.001 level. ALP activity revealed maximum value at $10{\mu}M$ in this study. 4. Nothern blot analysis of Sodium fluoride treated cells, using Type I $\alpha$ 2 collagen prove, revealed significant increase at $10{\mu}M$ in MC3T3-E1 cells.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2012

In this paper I present the teaching strategies and methods of programming education based on the learning style which teachers can apply it to their class on condition that learning style can classify their students' preferences about learning strategies and methods. Recent related researches that prove the differences about student's specific abilities based on their learning styles could never help teachers design and do their teaching of programming in the class. Therefore this study about teaching strategies and methods of programming education will be necessarily. I propose the teaching strategies and methods of programming education based on the learning styles as a results of questionnaire to some professors of computer science education in university. Then, I design and do programming education in the experimental class in order to verify the availability of the proposed teaching strategies and methods. After teaching in class, I evaluate the statistical results of students' achievement test of programming. This study has some restrictions about small number of class and periods of teaching programming, but it will be a good case study about teaching strategies and methods of programming education based on the learning style.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.11-15
• /
• 1985

Manddelberg [9] has shown that a Clifford algebra of a free quadratic space over an arbitrary semi-local ring R in Brawer-Wall group BW(R) is determined by its rank, determinant, and Hasse invariant. In this paper, we prove a corresponding result when R is a full ring.Throughout this paper, unless otherwise specified, we assume that R is a commutative ring having 2 a unit. A quadratic space (V, B, .phi.) over R is a finitely generated projective R-module V with a symmetric bilinear mapping B: V*V.rarw.R which is non-degenerate (i.e., the natural mapping V.rarw.Ho $m_{R}$(V,R) induced by B is an isomorphism), and with a quadratic mapping .phi.: V.rarw.R such that B(x,y)=1/2(.phi.(x+y)-.phi.(x)-.phi.(y)) and .phi.(rx) = $r^{2}$.phi.(x) for all x, y in V and r in R. We denote the group of multiplicative units of R by U9R). If (V, B, .phi.) is a free rank n quadratic space over R with an orthogonal basis { $x_{1}$,.., $x_{n}$}, we will write < $a_{1}$,.., $a_{n}$> for (V, B, .phi.) where the $a_{i}$=.phi.( $x_{i}$) are in U(R), and denote the space by the table [ $a_{ij}$ ] where $a_{ij}$ =B( $x_{i}$, $x_{j}$). In the case n=2 and B( $x_{1}$, $x_{2}$)=1/2 we reserve the notation [a $a_{11}$, $a_{22}$] for the space. A commutative ring R having 2 a unit is called full [10] if for every triple $a_{1}$, $a_{2}$, $a_{3}$ of elements in R with ( $a_{1}$, $a_{2}$, $a_{3}$)=R, there is an element w in R such that $a_{1}$+ $a_{2}$w+ $a_{3}$ $w^{2}$=unit.TEX>=unit.t.t.t.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.2 s.30
• /
• pp.365-385
• /
• 1995

In order to prove the antitumor effect of Wekyungtang(WKT) that was originated in Bigeubchunkeumyobang(備急千金要方), Wekyungtang with Houttuyniae Herba(WKT-I) and Wekyungtang with Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba(WKT-II) experimentally, the studies were done, We evaluated the cytotoxic activity against B16- Fo as well as the synergistic effects with anticancer drugs such as cyclophophamide (CPM), cisplatin(CPT) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in vitro and measured body weight, survival time, hematological changes, changes of tissues in G57BL／6 implanted with B16-Fo. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In vitro cytotoxic effect against B16-Fo was shown in all groups as compared with control group, but the concentrations showing inhibitory growth rate below 55% of control was recognized in all concentrations of Wekyungtang(WKT) against B16-Fo and also concentration of $10^4$g／ml above in all group with cyclophophamide (CPM), concentration of $10^3$g／ml in Wekyungtang(WKT-l) with cisplatin(CPT) in synergistic effect, 2. In vivo body and tumor weight were significantly suppressed in all groups as compared with control group 3. The number of platelet, WBC, RBC were significantly increased in all groups, platelet aggregation was significantly increased in WKT-I and WKT-II as compared with control group. 4. In changes of tissues heavy infiltration oh cancer was shown in portal vein, pulmonary tissue, vein, peribronchiole, aveoli, while WKT-I was effective in antihepatic metastasis and WKT-II in pulmonary matastasis. From above results it was concluded that wekyungtang(WKT), wekyungtang with Houttuyniae Herba(WKT-I) and wekyungtang with Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba(WKT -II) had antitumor effect, and also wekyungtang combined with Houttuyniae Herba or Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba were more effective than wekyungtang only and also cyclophophamide (CPM), cisplatin(CPT) showed the more synergistic effect which suggests the necessity of continuous study on the mechanism of antitumor action of Houttuyniae Herba or Oldenlandiae diffusae Herba.